scholarly journals The role of apterous in the control of dorsoventral compartmentalization and PS integrin gene expression in the developing wing of Drosophila

Development ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 1805-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Blair ◽  
D.L. Brower ◽  
J.B. Thomas ◽  
M. Zavortink
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Wing Disc ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Integrin Gene ◽  
Dorsal Cells ◽  
Anterior Posterior

During the development of Drosophila appendages from imaginal discs lineage restrictions appear that prevent dividing cells from crossing between regionally distinct compartments. These compartments correspond not only to regions of cell lineage restrictions but also to regions of specific gene expression. When compartments were first discovered, it was proposed that their formation relied on compartment-specific ‘selector’ gene activity; engrailed is thought to play such a role for the early-arising anterior-posterior restriction. Recent results suggest that the dorsally expressed transcription factor encoded by apterous may control dorsoventral identity in the wing. In this study we use mosaic analysis to show that apterous maintains the late-arising dorsoventral lineage restriction in a manner that strongly supports the selector gene hypothesis: loss of apterous function from dorsal cells after the formation of the boundary causes them to cross into the ventral compartment. Moreover, we show that apterous plays a role controlling patterns of gene expression in the developing wing disc. The PS1 and PS2 integrins are normally expressed in primarily dorsal-specific and ventral-specific patterns, respectively. We show that ectopic expression of apterous induces ectopic ventral expression of PS1 integrin and alpha PS1 mRNA, while loss of apterous can induce the ectopic dorsal expression of PS2 integrin. Thus, apterous plays a selector-like role both in terms of the control of lineage restrictions and the regulation of downstream gene expression.

scholarly journals Role of cyclic AMP in the control of cell-specific gene expression

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schmid ◽  
Doris Nitsch ◽  
Michael Boshart ◽  
Günther Schütz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

scholarly journals Oestrogen receptors and antioestrogen treatment of hormone-dependent tumours

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
N. G. KOSTOMITSOPOULOS (Ν.Γ. ΚΩΣΤΟΜΗΤΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Human Breast Cancer ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Oestrogen Receptors ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Potential Use

The oestrogen receptor is a ligand-activated transcription factor that modulates specific gene expression by binding to short DNA sequences. The study of the role of oestrogen receptor on the expression of the mitogenic actionof oestrogens and oncogenesis lead biomedical research in new approaches of the treatment of oestrogen-dependent tumors by using antioestrogens. Main mechanism of action of antioestrogens is the prevention of oestrogen action by blocking the binding of oestradiol to the oestrogen receptor. Tamoxifen, the most wellknown antioestrogen, is widely used as adjuvant therapy in all stages of human breast cancer. Recently interest is focused on the potential use of "pure" antioestrogens. The use of antioestrogens in veterinary oncology is also under discussion.

Role of the EGF receptor pathway in growth and patterning of the Drosophila wing through the regulation of vestigial

Development ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 975-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nagaraj ◽  
A.T. Pickup ◽  
R. Howes ◽  
K. Moses ◽  
M. Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Wing Disc ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Drosophila Wing ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Coordinated Expression ◽  
Wing Pouch

Growth and patterning of the Drosophila wing disc depends on the coordinated expression of the key regulatory gene vestigial both in the Dorsal-Ventral (D/V) boundary cells and in the wing pouch. We propose that a short-range signal originating from the core of the D/V boundary cells is responsible for activating EGFR in a zone of organizing cells on the edges of the D/V boundary. Using loss-of-function mutations and ectopic expression studies, we show that EGFR signaling is essential for vestigial transcription in these cells and for making them competent to undergo subsequent vestigial-mediated proliferation within the wing pouch.

A common translational control mechanism functions in axial patterning and neuroendocrine signaling inDrosophila

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (14) ◽  
pp. 3325-3334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira E. Clark ◽  
Krista C. Dobi ◽  
Heather K. Duchow ◽  
Anna N. Vlasak ◽  
Elizabeth R. Gavis
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Control Element ◽  
Molting Cycle ◽  
Axial Patterning ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Maternal Mrnas ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Translational repression of maternal nanos (nos) mRNA by a cis-acting Translational Control Element (TCE) in the nos 3′UTR is critical for anterior-posterior patterning of the Drosophila embryo. We show, through ectopic expression experiments, that the nos TCE is capable of repressing gene expression at later stages of development in neuronal cells that regulate the molting cycle. Our results predict additional targets of TCE-mediated repression within the nervous system. They also suggest that mechanisms that regulate maternal mRNAs, like TCE-mediated repression, may function more widely during development to spatially or temporally control gene expression.

Control of growth and patterning of the Drosophila wing imaginal disc by EGFR-mediated signaling

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1369-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Zecca ◽  
Gary Struhl
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Imaginal Disc ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Wing Disc ◽  
Wing Imaginal Disc ◽  
Egfr Signaling ◽  
Drosophila Wing ◽  
Compartment Boundary ◽  
Egfr Ligand

The subdivision of the Drosophila wing imaginal disc into dorsoventral (DV) compartments and limb-body wall (wing-notum) primordia depends on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling, which heritably activates apterous (ap) in D compartment cells and maintains Iroquois Complex (Iro-C) gene expression in prospective notum cells. We examine the source, identity and mode of action of the EGFR ligand(s) that specify these subdivisions. Of the three known ligands for the Drosophila EGFR, only Vein (Vn), but not Spitz or Gurken, is required for wing disc development. We show that Vn activity is required specifically in the dorsoproximal region of the wing disc for ap and Iro-C gene expression. However, ectopic expression of Vn in other locations does not reorganize ap or Iro-C gene expression. Hence, Vn appears to play a permissive rather than an instructive role in organizing the DV and wing-notum segregations, implying the existance of other localized factors that control where Vn-EGFR signaling is effective. After ap is heritably activated, the level of EGFR activity declines in D compartment cells as they proliferate and move ventrally, away from the source of the instructive ligand. We present evidence that this reduction is necessary for D and V compartment cells to interact along the compartment boundary to induce signals, like Wingless (Wg), which organize the subsequent growth and differentiation of the wing primordium.

scholarly journals Cohesin-dependent regulation of gene expression during differentiation is lost in cohesin-mutated myeloid malignancies

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (24) ◽  
pp. 2195-2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sasca ◽  
Haiyang Yun ◽  
George Giotopoulos ◽  
Jakub Szybinski ◽  
Theo Evan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Myeloid Malignancy ◽  
Erythroid Maturation ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Cohesin mutations are common in myeloid malignancy. Sasca et al elucidate the potential role of cohesin loss in myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML). They demonstrate that cohesin binding is critical for erythroid-specific gene expression and that reduction in cohesin impairs terminal erythroid maturation and promotes myeloid malignancy.

scholarly journals Chromosomal Proteins HMGN3a and HMGN3b Regulate the Expression of Glycine Transporter 1

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 3747-3756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. West ◽  
Meryl A. Castellini ◽  
Melinda K. Duncan ◽  
Michael Bustin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Transcriptional Start Site ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Glycine Transporter 1 ◽  
Glycine Transporter ◽  
Synaptic Junctions

ABSTRACT HMGN proteins promote chromatin unfolding, enhance access to nucleosomes, and modulate transcription from chromatin templates. It is not known whether they act indiscriminately as general modulators of transcription or whether they regulate specific gene expression. Here, we investigated the role of HMGN3, a recently discovered HMGN family member, in transcription in vivo. We created cell lines overexpressing HMGN3a or its splice variant, HMGN3b, and analyzed their gene expression profiles using microarrays and reverse transcriptase PCR. We found that ectopic expression of HMGN3a alters the expression of approximately 0.8% of genes. Both HMGN3a and HMGN3b upregulate the expression of the glycine transporter 1 gene (Glyt1). Glyt1 encodes a membrane transporter that regulates the glycine concentration in synaptic junctions. Both GLYT1 and HMGN3 are highly expressed in glia cells and the eye, and we show that both proteins are coexpressed in the retina. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that HMGN3 protein is recruited to a region of the Glyt1 gene encompassing the Glyt1a transcriptional start site. These results suggest that HMGN3 regulates Glyt1 expression and demonstrate that members of the HMGN family can regulate the transcription of specific genes.

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