Tunicamycin inhibits mouse tooth morphogenesis and odontoblast differentiation in vitro

Development ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-208
Author(s):  
Irma Thesleff ◽  
Robert M. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Tooth Germ ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Protein Glycosylation ◽  
Molar Tooth ◽  
Odontoblast Differentiation ◽  
Matrix Interaction ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Dose Dependent

Tunicamycin (TM), an antibiotic that selectively inhibits dolichol-mediated protein glycosylation, inhibited morphogenesis and differentiation of odontoblasts in the molar tooth germ in vitro. These effects of TM are reversible and dose-dependent, and in advanced teeth the effect of TM was not complete unless the basement membrane was removed prior to culture. TM did not prevent secretion of predentin or enamel when added to the cultures after initiation of predentin secretion. TM dramatically inhibited protein glycosylation and the accumulation of labeled proteoglycans and glycoproteins in the basement membrane. Our previous studies indicated that odontoblast differentiation is triggered by an interaction between the basement membrane and mesenchymal cells. We suggest that TM inhibits odontoblast differentiation by causing alterations in the basement membrane which prevent the necessary cell-matrix interaction required for odontoblast differentiation.

Analysis of elongating morphogenesis of quail anterior submaxillary gland: absence of localized cell proliferation

Development ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Nogawa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Submaxillary Gland ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Submaxillary Glands ◽  
Parallel Direction ◽  
Recombination Experiments

Quail anterior submaxillary glands elongated extensively without branching (more than sevenfold) from 8 to 10 incubation days. Investigation of mitotic activity of the rudiments in vivo showed no localized cell proliferation throughout the rudiments, and recombination experiments in vitro to examine regional differences in mitogenic activity of the surrounding mesenchyme also showed that no mesenchymal region specifically stimulates the epithelial cell proliferation. Histological observation of the rudiments showed that epithelial cells did not lengthen in a parallel direction to the long axis of the rudiment, and that mesenchymal cells encircled the epithelial cord perpendicularly to its axis. The basement membrane was obscure in the distal end of the rudiments, while it was easily detected in the other part of the rudiments. These results suggest that the elongating morphogenesis of the anterior submaxillary rudiments is not achieved by localized cell proliferation but by almost uniformly distributed cell proliferation, and mesenchymal cells surrounding the rudiment or the basement membrane may be involved in the controlling mechanisms of the elongating morphogenesis.

Expression, localisation and synthesis of versican by the enamel organ of developing mouse molar tooth germ: An in vivo and in vitro study

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 995-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei-Zhan Jiang ◽  
Tamaki Yokohama-Tamaki ◽  
Zuo-lin Wang ◽  
Nobuko Obara ◽  
Shunichi Shibata
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tooth Germ ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Molar Tooth ◽  
Enamel Organ

scholarly journals Oral Administration of Glomerular Basement Membrane Prevents the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Glomerulonephritis in the WKY Rat

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
JOHN REYNOLDS ◽  
CHARLES D. PUSEY
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Glomerular Basement Membrane ◽  
Crescent Formation ◽  
Necrotizing Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Abstract. Experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis (EAG), an animal model of Goodpasture's disease, can be induced in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats by a single injection of collagenase-solubilized rat glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in adjuvant. EAG is characterized by circulating and deposited anti-GBM antibodies, accompanied by focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis with crescent formation. The inhibitory effect of orally administered antigens has been reported in various animal models of autoimmunity but not in EAG in the rat. The effects of feeding rat GBM by gavage, at total doses of 0.5, 2.5, or 5 mg, before immunization were examined. A dose-dependent effect was observed on the development of EAG. A dose of 0.5 mg of GBM had no effect on disease, 2.5 mg resulted in a moderate reduction in the severity of nephritis but no change in anti-GBM antibody production, and 5 mg resulted in a marked reduction in circulating and deposited anti-GBM antibodies, albuminuria, deposits of fibrin in the glomeruli, severity of glomerular abnormalities, and numbers of infiltrating T cells and macrophages. Animals that were fed 5 mg of GBM showed a significant reduction in IgG2a but not IgG1, anti-GBM antibody levels, suggesting downregulation of Th1 responses. There was also a dose-dependent reduction in the proliferative responses of splenic T cells from treated animals to GBM antigen in vitro. These results clearly demonstrate that mucosal tolerance can be induced by oral administration of GBM antigen and that this approach is effective in preventing EAG.

scholarly journals Resolving Filament Level Mechanics in Collagen Networks using Activity Microscopy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel N. Lissek ◽  
Tobias F. Bartsch ◽  
Ernst-Ludwig Florin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Thermal Fluctuations ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Single Filament ◽  
Matrix Interaction ◽  
Cell Matrix

AbstractCollagen is the most abundant protein in humans and the primary component of the extracellular matrix, a meshwork of biopolymer networks, which provides structure and integrity to tissues. Its mechanical properties profoundly influence the fate of cells. The cell-matrix interaction, however, is not well understood due to a lack of experimental techniques to study the mechanical interplay between cells and their local environment. Here we introduce Activity Microscopy, a new way to visualize local network mechanics with single filament resolution. Using collagen I networks in vitro, we localize fibril positions in two-dimensional slices through the network with nanometer precision and quantify the fibrils’ transverse thermal fluctuations with megahertz bandwidth. Using a fibril’s thermal fluctuations as an indicator for its tension, we find a heterogeneous stress distribution, where “cold” fibrils with small thermal fluctuations surround regions of highly fluctuating “hot” fibrils. We seed HeLa cells into collagen networks and quantify the anisotropy in the propagation of their forces.

Inhibition of urokinase synthesis and cell surface binding alters the motile behavior of embryonic endocardial-derived mesenchymal cells in vitro

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 931-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G. McGuire ◽  
S.M. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Atrioventricular Canal ◽  
Cell Surface Binding ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Mesenchymal Transformation ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions

The expression of the serine protease urokinase is elevated during the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of the endocardium in the developing avian heart. Elevated urokinase expression is associated with the migrating mesenchymal cells of the atrioventricular canal and bulbotruncus and not the myocardium. Treatment of isolated endocardial-derived mesenchymal cells with phosphatidyinositol-specific phospholipase C released urokinase and its receptor from the cell surface and caused significant alterations in cell morphology and motility. Likewise inhibition of urokinase synthesis by treatment of cells with antisense oligonucleotides also inhibited the migration and motility of the endocardial-derived cells. These results suggest an important role for this enzyme in cell-matrix interactions and cell migration during development.

Daunorubicin-Induced Pathology in the Developing Hamster Molar Tooth Germ in Vitro

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyaruu ◽  
van Duin ◽  
Bervoets ◽  
Bronckers ◽  
Woltgens
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Germ ◽  
Molar Tooth

scholarly journals Antiglomerular basement membrane nephritis in beige mice. Deficiency of leukocytic neutral proteinases prevents the induction of albuminuria in the heterologous phase.

1989 ◽  
Vol 169 (4) ◽  
pp. 1435-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Schrijver ◽  
J Schalkwijk ◽  
J C Robben ◽  
K J Assmann ◽  
R A Koene
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cathepsin G ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Glomerular Lesions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Oxygen Metabolites

Antiglomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis with massive albuminuria can be induced in mice by injection of heterologous antibodies against mouse GBM. The albuminuria and the glomerular lesions in this model are not mediated by complement, but are dependent on the presence of polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN) in the glomeruli. Neutral serine proteinases and reactive oxygen metabolites produced by activated PMN have been implicated as agents contributing to tissue damage. We examined the role of leukocytic neutral proteinases by comparing the glomerular damage and albuminuria after injection of rabbit anti-mouse GBM antibodies in normal control mice (C57BL/6J, +/+) and in beige mice (C57BL/6J,bg/bg) in which PMN are deficient of the neutral proteinases elastase and cathepsin G. The dose-dependent albuminuria that occurred in control mice after injection of 1.4-22 mg of anti-GBM antibodies was not observed in beige mice, despite a comparable influx of PMNs in the glomeruli. By electron microscopy both strains showed a similar attachment of PMN to the denuded GBM together with swelling and necrosis of endothelial cells. Elastase activity of extracts from PMN of beige mice was only 10-15% of the activity of control mice. In vitro, GBM degradation by PMN extracts of beige mice was 70% lower than that seen in control experiments. PMNs of beige and control mice showed no differences in superoxide production. In addition, administration of scavengers of reactive oxygen metabolites, such as catalase and desferrioxamine, did not prevent the albuminuria in this model. These findings support the important contribution of leukocytic neutral proteinases to the induction of albuminuria in the acute phase of anti-GBM nephritis in the mouse.

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