scholarly journals In vivo lactate kinetics at rest and during recovery from exhaustive exercise in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus)

1988 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Milligan ◽  
D. G. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Lactate Clearance ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Platichthys Stellatus ◽  
Lactate Turnover ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Blood Lactate Levels

A bolus injection of [14C]lactate was used to measure lactate turnover rates at rest and during recovery from exhaustive exercise in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus). At rest, lactate turnover rate in salmon was almost double that in flounder (1.33 versus 0.76 mumol min-1 kg-1), which reflected the higher blood lactate level in salmon (1.00 versus 0.12 mmol l-1). From 2 to 4 h after exercise, when blood lactate levels were at their peak and constant, turnover rates were elevated in both species, though to a greater extent in salmon than in flounder (11.88 versus 2.27 mumol min-1 kg-1). Lactate concentration and turnover rate were linearly correlated in both species. The higher turnover rate in salmon was solely a consequence of the higher blood lactate levels since, at similar blood lactate concentrations, turnover rates in flounder and salmon were the same. Therefore, the lower blood lactate levels in flounder after exercise were not a consequence of higher turnover. In neither species was the turnover rate adequate to account for the rate of lactate clearance from the muscle, suggesting a large portion was retained within the muscle and metabolized in situ. Furthermore, following injection of [14C]lactate, greater than 80% of the total blood activity was recovered as lactate, indicating that little label was incorporated into other products (e.g. glucose). These data suggest that the Cori cycle plays a minimal role in the metabolism of lactate in salmon and flounder. Furthermore, at least in flounder, there was no correlation between the kinetics of lactate clearance and O2 consumption, suggesting that the classical concept of ‘O2 debt’ is not applicable in this species.

Mammalian metabolite flux rates in a teleost: lactate and glucose turnover in tuna

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (3) ◽  
pp. R452-R458 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Weber ◽  
R. W. Brill ◽  
P. W. Hochachka
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Lactate Clearance ◽  
Glucose Turnover ◽  
Skipjack Tuna ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Lactate Turnover

Lactate and glucose turnover rates were measured by bolus injection of [U-14C]lactate and [6-3H]glucose in cannulated lightly anesthetized skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis. Our goals were to find out whether the high rates of lactate clearance reported during recovery from burst swimming in tuna could be accounted for by high blood lactate fluxes; to extend the observed correlation between lactate turnover and lactate concentration in mammals to a nonmammalian system, and to assess the importance of lactate and glucose as metabolic fuels in tuna and to compare their flux rates with values reported for mammals. Measured lactate turnover rates ranged from 112 to 431 mumol X min-1 X kg-1 and were correlated with blood lactate concentration. Glucose turnover rate averaged 15.3 mumol X min-1 X kg-1. When correcting for body mass and temperature, skipjack tuna has at least as high or even higher lactate turnover rates than those recorded for mammals. Tuna glucose turnover rate is similar to that of mammals but much higher than levels found in other teleosts. Even the highest lactate turnover rate measured in tuna cannot fully account for the rate of blood lactate clearance observed during recovery, suggesting that some of the lactate produced in skeletal muscle must be metabolized in situ. After injection of [U-14C]lactate, less than 5% of the total blood activity was recovered in glucose, suggesting that the Cori cycle is not an important pathway of lactate metabolism in tuna.

Endurance training affects lactate clearance, not lactate production

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (1) ◽  
pp. E83-E92 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Donovan ◽  
G. A. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Lactate Clearance ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Lactate Metabolism ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Lactate Turnover ◽  
Metabolic Conditions ◽  
Lactate Levels

Primed-continuous infusion of [2-3H]- and [U-14C]lactate was used to study the effects of endurance training (running 2 h/day at 29.4 m/min up a 15% gradient) on lactate metabolism in rats. Measurements were made under three metabolic conditions: rest (Re), easy exercise (EE, 13.4 m/min, 1% gradient) and hard exercise (HE, 26.8 m/min, 1% gradient). Blood lactate levels in trained animals increased from 1.0 +/- 0.09 mM in Re to 1.64 +/- 0.21 in EE and 2.66 +/- 0.38 in HE. Control animals also demonstrated an increase in blood lactate with increasing work rate, but values were 1.93 +/- 0.21 and 4.62 +/- 0.57 mM at EE and HE, respectively. Lactate turnover rates (RtLA) measured with [U-14C]lactate increased from 214.0 +/- 17.0 mumol.kg-1.min-1 in Re to 390.3 +/- 31.6 in EE and 518.1 +/- 56.4 in HE. No significant differences in RtLA were observed between controls and trained animals under any condition. Identical relationships between RtLA and exercise or training were obtained with [2-3H]lactate; however, the values obtained were consistently 90% higher than those observed with [U-14C]lactate. Metabolic clearance rate (MCR) for 14C was not significantly different in Re between controls and trained animals (180.6 +/- 27.7 ml.kg-1.min-1). Metabolic clearance of lactate in trained animals was 37 and 107% greater than in controls during EE and HE, respectively. Results indicate that the effect of endurance training is not on production of lactate but on its clearance from the blood.

scholarly journals Serial blood lactate levels as a prognostic factor for sepsis mortality

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Keswari Aji Patriawati ◽  
Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih ◽  
Purnomo Suryantoro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Clearance ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Serial Blood ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Blood Lactate Levels

Background Sepsis is a major health problem in children and aleading cause of death. In recent decades, lactate has been studiedas a biomarker for sepsis, and as an indicator of global tissuehypoxia, increased glycolysis, endotoxin effect, and anaerobicmetabolism. Many studies h ave shown both high levels andincreased serial blood lactate level measurements to be associatedwith increased risk of sepsis mortality.Objective To evaluate serial blood lactate levels as a prognosticfactor for sepsis mortality.Methods We performed an observational, prospective study in thePediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at DR. Sardjito Hospital,Yogyakarta from July to November 2012. We collected serialblood lactate specimens of children with sepsis, first at the time ofadmission, followed by 6 and 24 hours later. The outcome measurewas mortality at the end ofintensive care. Relative risks and 95%confidence intervals of the factors associated with mortality werecalculated using univariate and multivariate analyses.Results Sepsis was found in 91 (50.3%) patients admitted tothe PIW , of whom 75 were included in this study. Five patients(6. 7%) died before the 24-hour lactate collection and 39 patients(52.0%) died during the study. Blood lactate levels of ~ 4mmol;Lat the first and 24-hour specimens were associated with mortality(RR 2.9; 95%CI 1.09 to 7 .66 and RR 4.92; 95%CI 1.77 to 13.65,respectively). Lactate clearance of less than 10% at 24 hours(adjusted RR 5.3; 95% CI 1.1 to 24.5) had a significantly greaterrisk fo llowed by septic shock (adjusted RR 1.54; 95%CI 1.36 to6.4 7) due to mortality.Conclusion In children with sepsis there is a greater risk of mortalityin those with increasing or persistently high serial blood lactatelevels, as shown by less than 10% lactate clearance at 24-hours afterPIW admission.

scholarly journals Prognostic Significance of Blood Lactate and Lactate Clearance in Trauma Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 1276-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Alix Régnier ◽  
Mathieu Raux ◽  
Yannick Le Manach ◽  
Yves Asencio ◽  
Johann Gaillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Lactate Clearance ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Initial Blood ◽  
Blood Lactate Levels

Background Lactate has been shown to be a prognostic biomarker in trauma. Although lactate clearance has already been proposed as an intermediate endpoint in randomized trials, its precise role in trauma patients remains to be determined. Methods Blood lactate levels and lactate clearance (LC) were calculated at admission and 2 and 4 h later in trauma patients. The association of initial blood lactate level and lactate clearance with mortality was tested using receiver-operating characteristics curve, logistic regression using triage scores, Trauma Related Injury Severity Score as a reference standard, and reclassification method. Results The authors evaluated 586 trauma patients (mean age 38±16 yr, 84% blunt and 16% penetrating, mortality 13%). Blood lactate levels at admission were elevated in 327 (56%) patients. The lactate clearance should be calculated within the first 2 h after admission as LC0-2 h was correlated with LC0-4 h (R=0.55, P<0.001) but not with LC2-4 h (R=0.04, not significant). The lactate clearance provides additional predictive information to initial blood lactate levels and triage scores and the reference score. This additional information may be summarized using a categorical approach (i.e., less than or equal to -20 %/h) in contrast to initial blood lactate. The results were comparable in patients with high (5 mM/l or more) initial blood lactate. Conclusions Early (0-2 h) lactate clearance is an important and independent prognostic variable that should probably be incorporated in future decision schemes for the resuscitation of trauma patients.

scholarly journals Effects of whole-body neuromuscular electrical stimulation device on hemodynamics, arrhythmia, and sublingual microcirculation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Hoshiai ◽  
Kaori Ochiai ◽  
Yuma Tamura ◽  
Tomoki Tsurumi ◽  
Masato Terashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Sublingual Microcirculation ◽  
Blood Fluidity ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Blood Lactate Levels

AbstractNeuromuscular electrical stimulation has been used to treat cardiovascular diseases and other types of muscular dysfunction. A novel whole-body neuromuscular electrical stimulation (WB-NMES) wearable device may be beneficial when combined with voluntary exercises. This study aimed to investigate the safety and effects of the WB-NMES on hemodynamics, arrhythmia, and sublingual microcirculation. The study included 19 healthy Japanese volunteers, aged 22–33 years, who were not using any medication. Electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, and blood sampling were conducted before a 20-min WB-NMES session and at 0 and 10 min after termination of WB-NMES. Their tolerable maximum intensity was recorded using numeric rating scale. Arrhythmia was not detected during neuromuscular electrical stimulation or during 10 min of recovery. Blood pressure, heart rate, left ventricular ejection fraction, and diastolic function remained unchanged; however, mild mitral regurgitation was transiently observed during WB-NMES in a single male participant. A decrease in blood glucose and an increase in blood lactate levels were observed, but no changes in blood fluidity, sublingual microcirculation, blood levels of noradrenaline, or oxidative stress were shown. WB-NMES is safe and effective for decreasing blood glucose and increasing blood lactate levels without changing the blood fluidity or microcirculation in healthy people.

Oxamate Enhances the Anti-Inflammatory and Insulin-Sensitizing Effects of Metformin in Diabetic Mice

Pharmacology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 218-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu-chao Wu ◽  
Wei-ran Ye ◽  
Yi-jia Zheng ◽  
Shan-shan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Beta Cell Mass ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Blood Lactate Levels

Metformin (MET) is the first-line drug for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, MET increases blood lactate levels in patients with T2DM. Lactate possesses proinflammatory properties and causes insulin resistance (IR). Oxamate (OXA), a lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, can decrease tissue lactate production and blood lactate levels. This study was conducted to examine the effects of the combination of OXA and MET on inflammation, and IR in diabetic db/db mice. Supplementation of OXA to MET led to lowered tissue lactate production and serum lactate levels compared to MET alone, accompanied with further decreased tissue and blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, along with better insulin sensitivity, beta-cell mass, and glycemic control in diabetic db/db mice. These results show that OXA enhances the anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects of MET through the inhibition of tissue lactate production in db/db mice.

Endurance training enhances lactate clearance during hyperlactatemia

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (5) ◽  
pp. E782-E789 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Donovan ◽  
M. J. Pagliassotti
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Lactate Clearance ◽  
Lactate Removal ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Infusion Period ◽  
Mixed Venous ◽  
Blood Lactate Levels

Constant infusions of cold molar lactate (178.0 +/- 1.6 mumol.kg-1.min-1), [U-14C]lactate (0.50 muCi/min), and [6-3H]glucose (0.5 muCi/min) were employed to study the effects of endurance training (running 1 h/day, at 38 m/min, 10% grade) on lactate clearance in resting, hyperlactatemic rats. Before infusion, resting blood lactate levels were not significantly different between controls, 1.10 +/- 0.04 mM, and trained animals, 1.16 +/- 0.04 mM. Lactate levels increased significantly during the infusion period, attaining steady-state mixed venous concentrations of 11.32 +/- 0.24 mM and 5.44 +/- 0.09 mM, respectively, for controls and trained animals. Lactate clearance rates, based on net lactate removal (i.e., not tracer-estimated lactate removal), were twofold greater in trained animals vs. controls, 33.0 +/- 0.7 and 15.4 +/- 0.4 ml.kg-1. min-1, respectively. Lactate specific activity values during the infusion period were not significantly different between controls, 22,243 +/- 236 dpm/mumol, and trained animals, 21,270 +/- 374 dpm/mumol, indicating similar endogenous dilution of the pyruvate-lactate pool. For both control and trained animals, essentially 100% of the 14C infused as lactate was recovered as either glucose or CO2; however, trained animals demonstrated a 25% greater rate of gluconeogenesis. At a given lactate production rate, trained animals maintain lower lactate levels through enhanced clearance via gluconeogenesis and oxidation.

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