Responses of trout gill ion transport systems to acute acidosis

1976 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-515
Author(s):  
T. H. Kerstetter ◽  
R. Mize
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Ion Uptake ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Slow Infusion ◽  
Trout Gill

The response of rainbow trout Na+ and Cl- uptake systems to acute acidosis was tested by slow infusion of lactic acid into anaesthetized animals. Depression of blood pH by 0–4 pH unit had no effect on influx rates for either ion, and we conclude that gill ion uptake systems do not respond rapidly to blood pH changes.

Blood pH and Mortality in Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdnerii) and Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

1962 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. E. Jonas ◽  
Harcharan S. Sehdev ◽  
N. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Similar Association

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii) under light anaesthesia with MS 222 (tricaine methanesulphonate) died when their blood pH was lowered into the range of 6.8 to 6.9 by injection of either lactic acid or hydrochloric acid. When injection of the same quantities of either acid did not lower the blood pH into this range, fatalities did not result (one exception in 56 fish injected). The injection of much larger quantities of lactate or chloride ions in the form of sodium salts did not cause fatalities.Very limited data for sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) suggest a similar association between blood pH and mortality for this species.

scholarly journals Differential Exoproteome and Biochemical Characterisation of Neoparamoeba perurans

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1258
Author(s):  
Kerrie Ní Ní Dhufaigh ◽  
Natasha Botwright ◽  
Eugene Dillon ◽  
Ian O’Connor ◽  
Eugene MacCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Biochemical Characterisation ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Prolonged Culture ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Iron Receptor ◽  
Trout Gill

Infection with the protozoan ectoparasite Neoparamoeba perurans, the causative agent of AGD, remains a global threat to salmonid farming. This study aimed to analyse the exoproteome of both an attenuated and virulent N. perurans isolate using proteomics and cytotoxicity testing. A disproportionate presence of proteins from the co-cultured microbiota of N. perurans was revealed on searching an amalgamated database of bacterial, N. perurans and Amoebozoa proteins. LC‑MS/MS identified 33 differentially expressed proteins, the majority of which were upregulated in the attenuated exoproteome. Proteins of putative interest found in both exoproteomes were maltoporin, ferrichrome-iron receptor, and putative ferric enterobactin receptor. Protease activity remained significantly elevated in the attenuated exoproteome compared with the virulent exoproteome. Similarly, the attenuated exoproteome had a significantly higher cytotoxic effect on rainbow trout gill cell line (RTgill W1) cells compared with the virulent exoproteome. The presence of a phosphatase and serine protease in the virulent exoproteome may facilitate AGD infection but do not appear to be key players in causing cytotoxicity. Altogether, this study reveals prolonged culture of N. perurans affects the exoproteome composition in favour of nutritional acquisition, and that the current culturing protocol for virulent N. perurans does not facilitate the secretion of virulence factors.

Insulin resistance, hypertension and cellular ion transport systems

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Solini ◽  
Ralph A. DeFronzo
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Transport Systems

Band-Type Dissipative Structure in Ion Transport Systems with Cylindrical Shape

1984 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 4070-4082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Toko ◽  
Satoru Iiyama ◽  
Kaoru Yamafuji
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Band Type

Effects of blood pH changes on potassium excretion in the dog

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Toussaint ◽  
Pierre Vereerstraeten
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Excretion Rate ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Ph Level

K+ excretion rate was measured at normal as well as at rising plasma K+ concentration in intact, in K-depleted, and in acetazolamide-treated dogs submitted to acute blood pH changes. The results indicate that, for any given value of glomerular filtration rate, K+ excretion rate is determined by at least three factors: 1) plasma K+ concentration, 2) blood pH level, and 3) presumably, the H+ gradient across the luminal border of the distal tubule. The data further suggest that most of the filtered K+ is reabsorbed by the proximal tubule, even in conditions of high filtered loads.

scholarly journals Oral Administration of Lactococcus lactis Producing Interferon Type II, Enhances the Immune Response Against Bacterial Pathogens in Rainbow Trout

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Santibañez ◽  
Diego Paine ◽  
Mick Parra ◽  
Carlos Muñoz ◽  
Natalia Valdes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Recombinant Interferon

Lactic acid bacteria are a powerful vehicle for releasing of cytokines and immunostimulant peptides at the gastrointestinal level after oral administration. However, its therapeutic application against pathogens that affect rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon has been little explored. Type II interferon in Atlantic salmon activates the antiviral response, protecting against viral infection, but its role against bacterial infection has not been tested in vivo. In this work, through the design of a recombinant lactic acid bacterium capable of producing Interferon gamma from Atlantic salmon, we explore its role against bacterial infection and the ability to stimulate systemic immune response after oral administration of the recombinant probiotic. Recombinant interferon was active in vitro, mainly stimulating IL-6 expression in SHK-1 cells. In vivo, oral administration of the recombinant probiotic produced an increase in IL-6, IFNγ and IL-12 in the spleen and kidney, in addition to stimulating the activity of lysozyme in serum. The challenge trials indicated that the administration of the IFNγ-producing probiotic doubled the survival in fish infected with F. psychrophilum. In conclusion, our results showed that the oral administration of lactic acid bacteria producing IFNγ managed to stimulate the immune response at a systemic level, conferring protection against pathogens, showing a biotechnological potential for its application in aquaculture.

Respiratory, Ventilatory, and Cardiovascular Responses to Experimental Anaemia in the Starry Flounder, Platichthys Stellatus

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-162
Author(s):  
CHRIS M. WOOD ◽  
B. R. McMAHON ◽  
D. G. MCDONALD
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
O2 Uptake ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Starry Flounder ◽  
Platichthys Stellatus ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
The Face

Unrestrained, quiescent starry flounder maintained approximately normal levels of O2 uptake in the face of severe experimental anaemia. At haematocrits above about 5 %, the only major compensation was a reduction in venous O2 tension which lowered venous saturation and thereby kept a constant difference between arterial and venous O2 contents. Below a haematocrit of about 5 %, this difference decreased, and many additional compensations were invoked, including increases in ventilation, expired O2 tension, arterial O2 tension, and cardiac output, and decreases in systemic vascular resistance and blood pH. All changes could be reversed by restoration of haematocrit. Exercise performance and post-exercise changes in blood pH and lactate differed only slightly between anaemic and normal flounder. In wild flounder, anaemia commonly occurs and apparently only causes death at the haematocrit value (about 5 %) below which most major compensations are implemented. The respiratory strategy of the flounder during anaemia is compared with that of the rainbow trout.

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