Comparison Of Low-Cost Body Composition Estimation Methods In Division II Collegiate Athletes

Context Many athletes fail to obtain the optimal levels of energy and nutrients to support health and performance. The constructs underlying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) may help identify barriers to healthful eating that can be addressed in nutrition-education programs. Objective To use the TPB to examine factors regarding collegiate male and female student-athletes' intentions of eating a healthful diet. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Online survey tool. Patients or Other Participants The survey was taken by 244 male and female National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletes, and data from 201 were analyzed. Mean age of the athletes was 20 ± 1.31 years (range, 18–24 years); most were white (86.1%) and female (78.6%). Main Outcome Measure(s) We assessed predictive strength of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on behavioral intentions. Regression analysis evaluated how the variables of TPB were valued and how they predict behavioral intentions. Results The combination of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls accounted for 73.4% (R 2) of the variance in behavioral intention (F = 180.82, P < .001). Attitude had the greatest influence on behavioral intentions (β = .534, P < .001). Conclusions Understanding both the intentions of collegiate athletes to eat healthfully and how highly they value nutrition is crucial for the development of effective nutrition education and counseling programs.

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Heterodyne Laser Doppler Radar Based on Er-Doped Fiber Laser

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.529.139 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 529 ◽

pp. 139-143

Author(s):

Zong Feng Ma

Keyword(s):

Fiber Laser ◽

Doppler Radar ◽

Low Cost ◽

Least Square ◽

Laser Doppler ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Fast Fourier Transformation ◽

Spectrum Estimation ◽

Signal Processing Technique ◽

Er Doped

A low-cost, novel and robust heterodyne laser Doppler radar based on Er-doped fiber laser is presented in this paper. Reliable optical fiber components and instruments for the optical communication were used to build this system. All devices of optical circuit are connected by single-mode fibers making the system reliable and setup arrangement flexible. Spectrum estimation methods based on an efficient digital signal processing technique, fast Fourier transformation (FFT), was utilized to determine the location of the peak. Experiments were performed on a moving hard target with this developed prototype. The results are presented: the minimum velocity can be measured is below 0.5mm/s, and the resultant nonlinear of the measured curve calculated by least square method is below 100 ppm.

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Comparison of Body Composition Methods During Weight Loss in Obese Women Using Herbal Formula

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x05003454 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 33 (06) ◽

pp. 851-858 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ho-Jun Kim ◽

Dympna Gallagher ◽

Mi-Yeon Song

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Low Cost ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Impedance Analysis ◽

Obese Women ◽

Before And After ◽

Total Body

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), a device that analyzes the current conduction differences between the fat and water components is widely used for reasons that include convenience of use, non-invasiveness, safety, and low cost. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) allows for the assessment of total body and regional lean and fat tissues and bone mineral content (BMC). The objective of this study was to compare body composition assessments by BIA and DXA before and after a 6-week herbal diet intervention program in 50 pre-menopausal women [mean ± SD: age 30.58 ± 6.15, body mass index (BMI) 31.72 ± 3.78]. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was measured by BIA and anthropometry. Lean body mass (LBM), body fat (BF), BMC and percent body fat (%BF) were measured by BIA and DXA. Highly significant correlations were observed between BIA and DXA measurements for LBM, BF, BMC and %BF (r = 0.73, 0.93, 0.53, 0.79, respectively) before the intervention. Differences between BIA and DXA measurements were observed in LBM, BF, %BF and BMC before intervention ( p < 0.01) where WHR by BIA was significantly higher compared to anthropometry before ( p < 0.01) and after the intervention ( p < 0.01). BIA underestimated LBM by 1.85 kg and overestimated BF by 2.54 kg compared to DXA before the intervention. Although BIA and DXA showed highly significant correlations for LBM, BF, BMC and %BF before the intervention, they did not produce statistically comparable results in pre-menopausal Korean women and therefore should not be used interchangeably when measuring body composition.

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Mechatronic strategies for torque control of electric powered screwdrivers

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science ◽

10.1243/0954406001523434 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 214 (12) ◽

pp. 1485-1501 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K Althoefer ◽

L D Seneviratne ◽

R Shields

Keyword(s):

Direct Current ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Low Cost ◽

Torque Control ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Tightening Torque ◽

Direct Current Motor ◽

Torque Estimation ◽

Comparable Performance ◽

Motor Strategies

The paper presents the results of a study on using mechatronics to enhance the performance and reliability of small electric powered screwdrivers (SEPS). A mechatronic solution to control the final tightening torque replacing the mechanical clutch of a purely electromechanical SEPS is presented. Torque estimation methods based on motor armature current measurements are integrated with an SEPS driven by a direct current motor. Strategies for controlling the final tightening torque of the screw fastening process are developed. The control strategies are tested in accordance with the ISO 5393 standard. It is shown that the mechatronic controller gives comparable performance to a SEPS with a mechanical clutch. The mechatronic solution has the advantage of reduced cost, size and complexity. The paper demonstrates the application of low-cost mechatronics in industrial power tools.

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Isoconversional Kinetic Analysis of Pyrolysis of Malt Waste

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.899.107 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 899 ◽

pp. 107-112

Author(s):

Beatriz Cristina Silvério ◽

Pedro Ivo Brandão e Melo Franco ◽

Carolina Moreno de Freitas ◽

Kássia Graciele dos Santos ◽

Nelson Roberto Antoniosi Filho

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Slow Heating ◽

Brewing Industry ◽

Heating Rates ◽

Spent Grain ◽

Exponential Factors ◽

Isoconversional Kinetic Analysis ◽

Malt Waste ◽

Energy Activation

Locally available malt waste or brewers' spent grain, a by-product of brewing industry, was found to be a low cost and promising biomass for pyrolysis. A kinetic studied of pyrolysis of malt waste was investigated by non-isothermal thermogravimetric analyses (TG-DTG), applying slow heating rates, 10, 15, 30 and 50 K/min, and well-defined conditions. Activation energies and Arrhenius exponential factors were inferred by different estimation methods: Kissinger, Ozawa, Starink, K-A-S and. The methods presented energy activation values of 214 - 238.23 kJ/mol. The Literature studies found activations energies values similar to those found for sugarcane bagasse pyrolysis and other types of biomasses with predominance of hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin, respectively.

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