Does Footwear Influence Countermovement Jump Parameters Used To Monitor Performance In Collegiate Basketball Players?

The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate differences in Reactive Strength Index Modified (RSIMod) and Flight Time to Contraction Time Ratio (FT:CT) during the countermovement jump (CMJ) performed without the arm swing (CMJNAS) compared to the CMJ with the arm swing (CMJAS), while exploring the relationship within each variable between jump protocols. A secondary purpose sought to explore the relationship between RSIMod and FT:CT during both jump protocols. Twenty-two collegiate basketball players performed both three CMJNAS and three CMJAS on a force plate, during two separate testing sessions. RSIMod was calculated by the flight-time (RSIModFT) and impulse-momentum methods (RSIModIMP). CMJ variables were significantly greater during the CMJAS compared to CMJNAS (p < 0.001). There were large to very large correlations within each variable between the CMJAS and CMJNAS. There were significant positive correlations among RSIModFT, RSIModIMP, and FT:CT during both the CMJAS (r ≥ 0.864, p < 0.001) and CMJNAS (r ≥ 0.960, p < 0.001). These findings identify an increase in RSIMod or FT:CT during the CMJAS, that may provide independent information from the CMJNAS. In addition, either RSIMod or FT:CT may be utilized to monitor changes in performance, but simultaneous inclusion may be unnecessary.

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Countermovement Jump Inter-Limb Asymmetries in Collegiate Basketball Players

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports7050103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 103 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aaron Heishman ◽

Bryce Daub ◽

Ryan Miller ◽

Brady Brown ◽

Eduardo Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Injury Risk ◽

Force Plate ◽

Return To Play ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Arm Swing ◽

Force Development ◽

Collegiate Basketball ◽

Limb Asymmetry ◽

Absolute Reliability

The purpose of the present study was to establish the intrasession and intersession reliability of variables obtained from a force plate that was used to quantitate lower extremity inter-limb asymmetry during the bilateral countermovement jump (CMJ). Secondarily, a comparison was performed to determine the influence of the jump protocol CMJ with or without an arm swing (CMJ AS and CMJ NAS, respectively) on inter-limb asymmetries. Twenty-two collegiate basketball players performed three CMJ AS and three CMJ NAS on dual force platforms during two separate testing sessions. A majority of variables met the acceptable criterion of intersession and intrasession relative reliability (ICC > 0.700), while fewer than half met standards established for absolute reliability (CV < 10%). CMJ protocol appeared to influence asymmetries; Concentric Impulse-100 ms, Eccentric Braking Rate of Force Development, Eccentric Deceleration, and Force at Zero velocity were significantly different between jumping conditions (CMJAS versus CMJ NAS; p < 0.05). The present data establish the reliability and smallest worthwhile change of inter-limb asymmetries during the CMJ, while also identifying the influence of CMJ protocol on inter-limb asymmetries, which can be useful to practitioners and clinicians in order to effectively monitor changes associated with performance, injury risk, and return-to-play strategies.

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Does Footwear Influence Countermovement Jump Parameters Used to Assess Performance in Collegiate Basketball Players?

International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science ◽

10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.9n.2p.14 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Aaron D. Heishman ◽

Keldon M. Peak ◽

Bryce D. Daub ◽

Ryan M. Miller ◽

Eduardo D.S. Freitas

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Performance Outcomes ◽

Performance Assessments ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Mean Power ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Collegiate Basketball ◽

Testing Protocols

Background: The countermovement jump (CMJ) is used to monitor short- and long-term changes in neuromuscular performance, where practically relevant alteration may be subtle, requiring detailed and consistent testing protocols to limit error and allow detection of meaningful change. Collegiate basketball players often wear different types of footwear depending upon the training activity, potentially influencing CMJ performance outcomes. Objective: This study evaluated the influence of footwear on key CMJ variables used for routine performance assessments in a cohort of 11 NCAA women’s collegiate basketball players. Method: In a cross-over repeated measures study design, players performed three CMJs in Basketball-, Training-(Trainers), and Olympic Weightlifting (WL) shoes, in a randomized order during one testing session. One-way repeated measures analyses of variance (p ≤ .05) and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were used to discern differences in CMJ variables among shoe conditions. Results: WL demonstrated greater Eccentric Mean Force (p ≤ .014, d ≥ 0.03) and lower Flight Time:Contraction Time (p ≤ .029, d ≥ 0.31), Jump Height (p ≤ .040, d ≥ 0.32), and Reactive Strength Index-Modified (p ≤ .032, d ≥ 0.40) than both Basketball and Trainers. Additionally, WL exhibited lower Concentric Mean Force (p = .018, d = 0.19), Concentric Mean Power (p = .008, d = 0.29), Eccentric Peak Force (p = .050, d = 0.19), and Flight Time (p = .036, d = 0.31) compared to Trainer. No significant differences and only trivial effects appeared between Basketball and Trainers (p > 0.05, d < 0.1). Conclusion: These findings suggest footwear significantly influences CMJ performance. WL shoes appear to negatively impact CMJ performance; however, Basketball and Trainers appear to exert negligible effects that should allow clinicians and practitioners to feel confident about measurement and data quality when performing short- and long-term CMJ measurements in either Basketball or Trainers.

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Effects of Plyometric and Whole-body Vibration on Physical Performance in Collegiate Basketball Players: A Crossover Randomized Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-117807/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pratyakshi Munshi ◽

Moazzam Hussain Khan ◽

Shibili Nuhmani ◽

Shahnawaz Anwer ◽

Heng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Performance ◽

Whole Body Vibration ◽

Whole Body ◽

Jump Height ◽

Postactivation Potentiation ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Body Vibration ◽

Collegiate Basketball

Abstract BackgroundWhile many studies suggested the effects of plyometric and whole-body vibration exercises on post-activation potentiation, few studies have compared the acute effects of plyometric and whole-body vibration on the occurrence of post-activation potentiation. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the acute effects of plyometric and whole-body vibration exercises on postactivation potentiation in collegiate basketball players.MethodsTwenty-four collegiate basketball players (Age 20.8 ± 2.02 Y, height 1.79 ± 0.7 m, weight 71.2 ± 7.6 kg, and body mass index 22.00 ± 1.49 kg/m2) participated in this randomized crossover study. Subjects were received both plyometric and whole-body vibration exercises after 48-hour washed-out period. Countermovement Jump height, sprint, and agility time were measured at baseline, 4- and 12-minute post-plyometric and whole-body vibration exercises. ResultsThe result suggests a positive effect of both the plyometric and whole-body vibration exercises on countermovement jump and agility time (p = 0.001). While the countermovement jump height and agility were higher in the plyometric group (mean difference 1.60 cm and 0.16 sec, respectively), the sprint performance was higher in the whole-body vibration group (mean difference 0.28 sec). However, these differences were statistically nonsignificant between the two groups (p > 0.05 ).ConclusionsThis study suggests that both plyometric and whole-body vibration exercises may improve postactivation potentiation, which leads to a better physical performance.Trial registrationCTRI/2019/05/019059. Registered with the Clinical trials registry, India on 10th May, 2019. http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/advsearch.php

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Muscular Strength Spurts in Adolescent Male Basketball Players: The INEX Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020776 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 776

Author(s):

Eduardo Guimarães ◽

José A. R. Maia ◽

Mark Williams ◽

Filipa Sousa ◽

Eduardo Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscular Strength ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Adolescent Male ◽

Strength Development ◽

Maximal Velocity ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Squat Jump ◽

Medicine Ball

Although successful performance in basketball requires high levels of muscular strength during adolescence, its development is confounded by the effects of normal growth. We examine the timing, intensity and sequence of muscular strength according to biological age (years from peak height velocity (PHV)) and hypothesize that young basketball players attain their peak muscular strength spurts around PHV. A total of 160 adolescent male basketballers, aged 11–15 years, were followed bi-annually over 3 consecutive years. The years from attainment of PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) were estimated and five muscular strength measures (sit-ups, handgrip, seated medicine ball throw, squat jump and countermovement jump) were aligned to years from PHV in 3-month intervals. Strength velocities were estimated using a non-smooth mathematical model. The mean ages at-PHV and at-PWV were 13.90 ± 1.40 years and 13.90 ± 1.79 years, respectively. Maximal velocity in sit-ups was attained 6 months prior to attainment of PHV (intensity = 10.69 repetitions·year−1), whereas maximal velocity in squat jump occurred 6 months after-PHV (intensity = 3.93 cm·year−1). Handgrip strength, seated medicine ball throw and countermovement jump maximal velocity peaked at-PHV (intensity = 8.47 kgf·year−1, intensity = 0.75 m·year−1, intensity = 5.59 cm·year−1, respectively). In general, maximal velocity spurts did not differ in their timing, with the velocities reaching a peak concurrent with PHV and PWV or within 6 months of its attainment. Basketball coaches, as well as strength and conditioning trainers, should consider individual differences in strength development and be aware of rapid periods of growth in stature when planning and designing muscular strength training regimes.

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Effects of 4-week small-sided games vs. high-intensity interval training with changes of direction in female collegiate basketball players

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching ◽

10.1177/17479541211032739 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 174795412110327

Author(s):

Jinshu Zeng ◽

Jing Xu ◽

Yuanhong Xu ◽

Wu Zhou ◽

Fei Xu

Keyword(s):

Physical Performance ◽

High Intensity ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Collegiate Basketball ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

And Control ◽

Movement Test

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of 4-week small-sided games (SSG) and high-intensity interval training with changes of direction (HIT-COD) on physical performance and specific technical skills in female collegiate basketball players. Nineteen players were divided into SSG (n = 9) and HIT-COD (n = 10) groups, that performed either SSG or HIT-COD three times per week for 4 weeks during the pre-season. Players’ heart rate (HR) and perceived exertion responses (RPE) were assessed during the intervention. Before and after the intervention period, performances were assessed with 30-15 intermittent fitness test (30-15IFT), repeated sprint ability (RSA) test, modified agility T-test (MAT), countermovement jump (CMJ), 20-m sprint, shooting accuracy test, 1 min shooting test, passing test, defensive movement test and control dribble test. Both training interventions led to similar physiological and perceived exertion responses, showing no significant differences in HR ( P = .49, d = 0.2) and RPE ( P = .77, d = 0.1) between groups. Significant improvements were observed in 30-15IFT (SSG: 4.1%, d = 1.5; HIT-COD: 4.2%, d = 1.7), RSAmean (SSG: −2.2%, d = 1.0; HIT-COD: −1.9%, d = 1.0), RSAbest (SSG: −2.0%, d = 0.9; HIT-COD: −2.1%, d = 1.1), MAT (SSG: −7.2%, d = 1.7; HIT-COD: 5.7%, d = 1.5), defensive movement test (SSG: −5.1%, d = 2.1; HIT-COD: −5.8%, d = 1.8) and control dribble test (SSG: −3.4%, d = 1.0; HIT-COD: −2.6%, d = 1.0). The only significant group × time interaction was found ( P = .032, [Formula: see text] = 0.24), with SSG improving 1 min shooting (22.4%, d = 1.0) and HIT-COD performing slightly worse (−2.6%, d = 0.1) after a 4-week intervention. The current study suggests that using SSG is more effective than HIT-COD for female collegiate basketball players in pre-season, since SSG improves physical performance and basketball-specific movements as well as shooting abilities after a 4-week intervention.

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