Equilibrium Investment and Asset Prices under Imperfect Corporate Control

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Dow ◽  
Gary Gorton ◽  
Arvind Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Asset Prices ◽  
Yield Curve ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Corporate Control ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Financial Friction ◽  
And Control ◽  
Important State

We integrate a widely accepted version of the separation of ownership and control—Michael Jensen's (1986) free cash flow theory—into a dynamic equilibrium model, and study the effect of imperfect corporate control on asset prices and investment. Aggregate free cash flow of the corporate sector is an important state variable in explaining asset prices, investment, and the cyclical behavior of interest rates and the yield curve. The financial friction causes cash-flow shocks to affect investment, and causes otherwise i.i.d. shocks to be transmitted from period to period. The shocks propagate through large firms and during booms.

scholarly journals The impact of pre-merger earnings management on non-cash acquisition premia: Evidence from the European market for corporate control

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malek Alsharairi ◽  
Emma L. Black ◽  
Christoph Hofer
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Corporate Control ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Market For Corporate Control ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
Investment Opportunities ◽  
The Impact

Using 1320 European mergers and acquisitions (M&As) completed between 2003 and 2012, this paper investigates patterns of earnings management and the implications for non-cash acquisition premia considering both the form of payment and the target firm’s listing status. The empirical evidence documented in this study suggests that management teams engage in pre-merger upward earnings management and that it is more evident for private rather than for publicly listed targets in order to compensate for the higher information asymmetry. This earnings management procedure leads to higher takeover premia even after controlling for variables such as the acquirer’s internal investment opportunities, profitability or available free cash flow.

The stimulus schemes will stress the financial system

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Asset Prices ◽  
Yield Curve ◽  
Corporate Debt ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Interest Rates

Significance While the Federal Reserve (Fed) rejects negative interest rates, and instead considers yield-curve control, even the prospect of negative US rates is accentuating distortions in asset prices and fuelling concerns about global financial stability after the pandemic. Impacts The Fed’s decision to start buying corporate debt has led to a surge in bond issuance; many firms may struggle as the stimulus is unwound. Beyond Japan, the euro-area is nearest deflation; the ECB chief economist warns that demand will be low for some time. The VIX Index, a measure of upcoming US equities volatility, remains above its long-term average, but will be prone to spikes.

scholarly journals The Term Structure of Interest Rates and its Impact on the Liability Adequacy Test for Insurance Companies in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (68) ◽  
pp. 223-236
Author(s):  
Antonio Aurelio Duarte ◽  
Aldy Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Luciano Vereda Oliveira ◽  
Elionor Farah Jreige Weffort ◽  
Betty Lilian Chan
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Term Structure ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Yield Curve ◽  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Forward Rate ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Current Estimate ◽  
The Impact

<p>The Brazilian regulation for applying the Liability Adequacy Test (LAT) to technical provisions in insurance companies requires that the current estimate is discounted by a term structure of interest rates (hereafter TSIR). This article aims to analyze the LAT results, derived from the use of various models to build the TSIR: the cubic spline interpolation technique, Svensson's model (adopted by the regulator) and Vasicek's model. In order to achieve the objective proposed, the exchange rates of BM&FBOVESPA trading days were used to model the ETTJ and, consequently, to discount the cash flow of the insurance company. The results indicate that: (i) LAT is sensitive to the choice of the model used to build the TSIR; (ii) this sensitivity increases with cash flow longevity; (iii) the adoption of an ultimate forward rate (UFR) for the Brazilian insurance market should be evaluated by the regulator, in order to stabilize the trajectory of the yield curve at longer maturities. The technical provision is among the main solvency items of insurance companies and the LAT result is a significant indicator of the quality of this provision, as this evaluates its sufficiency or insufficiency. Thus, this article bridges a gap in the Brazilian actuarial literature, introducing the main methodologies available for modeling the yield curve and a practical application to analyze the impact of its choice on LAT.</p>

scholarly journals Determination of Company's Value: A Study with Investment Opportunity as a Moderator Variable

2022 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Sari Permata ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Investment Opportunity ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Investment Opportunity Set

This research focuses on the state of a company's valuation, which is always changing. The utilized variables to estimate firm value include free cash flow and interest rates, both of which have a positive relationship with company's value. The second purpose is to investigate the current situation of investment opportunities in industrial companies that are similarly highly volatile. The availability of free cash flow indicates the interest rate has a positive relationship with the investment opportunity set. An explanatory research design is used in this study, which aims to examine the correlation between variables. The manufacturing companies that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2013 and 2018 are the focus of this study. Thus, data were collected from 612 units using a purposive sampling technique. The findings reveal that whereas free cash flow has a strong positive indirect effect on company value via mediating the investment opportunity set, interest rates have a negative and minor indirect effect on firm value via mediating the investment opportunity set.

Dividend Payout Ratio: Persoalan Free Cashflow, Debt To Equity Ratio, Kepemilikan Institutional, Investment Opportunity, Dan Kesejahteraan Karyawan

Liquidity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nurlis Azhar ◽  
Helmi Chaidir
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Flow Ratio ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Employee Welfare ◽  
Equity Ratio

This study was conducted to examine the effect of Free Cash Flow Ratio, Debt Equity Ratio (DER), Institutional Ownership, Employee Welfare and Price Earning Ratio (PER) to Divident Payout Ratio (Parliament) partially on manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2011-2015. In addition, to test the feasibility of regression model, the influence of Free Cash Flow Ratio, Debt Equity Ratio (DER), Institutional Ownership, Employee Welfare and Price Earning Ratio (PER) to Divident Payout Ratio (DPR) simultaneously at manufacturing company listed on Bursa Indonesia Securities period 2011-2015. The population in this study are 146 manufacturing companies that have been and still listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2011-2013. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and obtained sample of 42 companies. Data analysis technique used is by using multiple linear regression test. The results showed that Free Cash Flow Ratio, no significant effect on Divident Payout Ratio (DPR). Debt Equity Ratio (DER) has a negative and significant influence on Divident Payout Ratio (DPR), Institutional Ownership has a significant positive effect on Divident Payout Ratio (DPR), Employee Welfare and Price Earning Ratio (PER) has a positive and significant influence on the Divident Payout Ratio ). Simultaneously Free Cash Flow Ratio, Debt Equity Ratio (DER), Institutional Ownership, Employee Welfare and Price Earning Ratio (PER) give effect to Divident Payout Ratio. The prediction ability of the five variables to the Divident Payout Ratio (DPR) is 21.3% as indicated by the adjusted R square of 0.271 while the remaining 79.7% is influenced by other factors not included in the research model.

Analysis of the Management and Control System of Trade Receivables on the Effectiveness of the Corporate Cash Flow on PT. Enseval Putera Megatrading, tbk

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Syarifah Nuriah ◽  
Abdul Rakhman Laba ◽  
Muhammad Sobarsyah
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Financial Ratio ◽  
Accounts Receivable ◽  
Corporate Capital ◽  
Financial Ratio Analysis ◽  
Data Source ◽  
And Control

This study aims to determine the management and control system of trade receivables on the effectiveness of the cash flow company’s at PT. Enseval Putera Megatrading, Tbk. The data source used in this study is the primary data source, obtained directly from the company. The analytical method used for testing the management and control system of receivables on the effectiveness of cash flow is the analysis of financial ratios. In this study, the data used for analysis are qualitative data analysis and financial ratio analysis, namely the activity ratio (RTO, ACP, Arrears Ratio, and Billing Ratio). The results showed that (1) RTO of PT. Enseval Putera Megatrading, the highest rate in 2017 was 189 times, while the lowest RTO was in 2015 which was 115 times. This shows the normal level of turnover. The faster the payment terms, the better for the company, because the faster the working capital embedded in receivables returns to capital or cash, which means the higher the receivables turnover. (2) ACP or the average age of collection of receivables applied by companies, especially the value in 2017 is 2 days. This means that the company has been effective in managing its accounts receivable because the standard for collecting receivables set by the company is the repayment limit or due date no later than 7 (seven) to 90 (Ninety) calendar days from the billing statement received by the service user. (3) The Arrears Ratio, namely from 2014-2018, the largest was only 1.11%. This shows that the lower the arrears ratio, the better for the company, which means the company is able to handle its receivables properly. (4) Billing Ratio shows that from 2014-2018 the lowest that is 98.88% shows the greater the value of collectible receivables means the greater the percentage value of the collection ratio so that the better for the company because of the greater return on corporate capital. Then it can be concluded that the Billing Ratio of PT. Enseval Putera Megatrading, it's not working effectively.

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