scholarly journals “We Thinking” and Its Consequences

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Akerlof
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Shed Light

Increasingly, economists are drawing on concepts from outside economics--such as “norms,” “esteem,” and “identity”--to model agents' social natures. A key reason for studying such social motivation is to shed light on the conditions that facilitate--or deter--collective action. It has been widely observed, for instance, that groups are more able to engage in collective action when they have a common, group identity. This paper gives one explanation for such a link. The paper develops a new concept, “we thinking”; and it also provides a deeper understanding of the concepts of norms, identity, and esteem.

Norm Enforcement in Markets: Group Identity and the Volunteering of Feedback

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (629) ◽  
pp. 1248-1261
Author(s):  
Gary E Bolton ◽  
Johannes Mans ◽  
Axel Ockenfels
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Home Market ◽  
Feedback Information ◽  
Norm Enforcement ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Market Experiment ◽  
Market Identity

Abstract The provision of trader feedback is critical to the functioning of many markets. We examine the influence of group identity on the volunteering and informativeness of feedback. In a market experiment conducted simultaneously in Germany and the United States, we manipulate the interaction of traders based on natural social and induced home market identities. Traders are more likely to provide feedback information on a trader with whom they share a common group identity, and the effect is more pronounced for social identity than for home market identity. Both kinds of group identity promote rewarding good performance and punishing bad performance.

scholarly journals Obstacles to integrated pest management adoption in developing countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 3889-3894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soroush Parsa ◽  
Stephen Morse ◽  
Alejandro Bonifacio ◽  
Timothy C. B. Chancellor ◽  
Bruno Condori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
High Income ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Shed Light

Despite its theoretical prominence and sound principles, integrated pest management (IPM) continues to suffer from anemic adoption rates in developing countries. To shed light on the reasons, we surveyed the opinions of a large and diverse pool of IPM professionals and practitioners from 96 countries by using structured concept mapping. The first phase of this method elicited 413 open-ended responses on perceived obstacles to IPM. Analysis of responses revealed 51 unique statements on obstacles, the most frequent of which was “insufficient training and technical support to farmers.” Cluster analyses, based on participant opinions, grouped these unique statements into six themes: research weaknesses, outreach weaknesses, IPM weaknesses, farmer weaknesses, pesticide industry interference, and weak adoption incentives. Subsequently, 163 participants rated the obstacles expressed in the 51 unique statements according to importance and remediation difficulty. Respondents from developing countries and high-income countries rated the obstacles differently. As a group, developing-country respondents rated “IPM requires collective action within a farming community” as their top obstacle to IPM adoption. Respondents from high-income countries prioritized instead the “shortage of well-qualified IPM experts and extensionists.” Differential prioritization was also evident among developing-country regions, and when obstacle statements were grouped into themes. Results highlighted the need to improve the participation of stakeholders from developing countries in the IPM adoption debate, and also to situate the debate within specific regional contexts.

The Politics and Effects of Religious Grievance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Muchlinski
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Religious Resources

Despite international guarantees to respect religious freedom, governments around the world often impose substantial restrictions on the abilities of some religious groups to openly practice their faith. These regulations on religious freedom are often justified to promote social stability. However, research has demonstrated a positive correlation between restrictions on religious freedom and religious violence. This violence is often thought to be a result of grievances arising from the denial of a religious group’s right to openly practice its faith. These grievances encourage violence by (a) encouraging a sense of common group identity, (b) encouraging feelings of hostility toward groups imposing those regulations, and (c) facilitating the mobilization of religious resources for political violence.

The Potential of Social Identity for Equilibrium Selection

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 2562-2589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Chen ◽  
Yan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Social Preference ◽  
Equilibrium Selection ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Coordination Games ◽  
Preference Model ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Identity Changes ◽  
High Effort

When does a common group identity improve efficiency in coordination games? To answer this question, we propose a group-contingent social preference model and derive conditions under which social identity changes equilibrium selection. We test our predictions in the minimum-effort game in the laboratory under parameter configurations which lead to an inefficient low-effort equilibrium for subjects with no group identity. For those with a salient group identity, consistent with our theory, we find that learning leads to ingroup coordination to the efficient high-effort equilibrium. Additionally, our theoretical framework reconciles findings from a number of coordination game experiments. (JEL C71, C91, D71)

scholarly journals From Anti-Vaxxer Moms to Militia Men: Influence Operations, Narrative Weaponization, and the Fracturing of American Identity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Weinberg ◽  
Jessica Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
American Identity ◽  
Sense Of Identity ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Way

How in 2020 were anti-vaxxer moms mobilized to attend reopen protests alongside armed militia men? This paper explores the power of weaponized narratives on social media both to create and polarize communities and to mobilize collective action and even violence. We propose that focusing on invocation of specific narratives and the patterns of narrative combination provides insight into the shared sense of identity and meaning different groups derive from these narratives. We then develop the WARP (Weaponize, Activate, Radicalize, Persuade) framework for understanding the strategic deployment and presentation of narratives in relation to group identity building and individual responses. The approach and framework provide powerful tools for investigating the way narratives may be used both to speak to a core audience of believers while also introducing and engaging new and even initially unreceptive audience segments to potent cultural messages, potentially inducting them into a process of radicalization and mobilization.

scholarly journals Spillover Effects across Transnational Industrial Relations Agreements: The Potential and Limits of Collective Action in Global Supply Chains

ILR Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ashwin ◽  
Chikako Oka ◽  
Elke Schuessler ◽  
Rachel Alexander ◽  
Nora Lohmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Private Governance ◽  
Living Wages ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Inclusive Governance

Using qualitative data from interviews with multiple respondents in 45 garment brands and retailers, as well as respondents from unions and other stakeholders, the authors analyze the emergence of the Action Collaboration Transformation (ACT) living wages initiative. They ask how the inter-firm coordination and firm–union cooperation demanded by a multi-firm transnational industrial relations agreement (TIRA) developed. Synthesizing insights from the industrial relations and private governance literatures along with recent collective action theory, they identify a new pathway for the emergence of multi-firm TIRAs based on common group understandings, positive experiences of interaction, and trust. The central finding is that existing union-inclusive governance initiatives provided a platform from which spillover effects developed, facilitating the formation of new TIRAs. The authors contribute a new mapping of labor governance approaches on the dimensions of inter-firm coordination and labor inclusiveness, foregrounding socialization dynamics as a basis for collective action and problematizing the limited scalability of this mode of institutional emergence.

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