The implementation strategy of Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture (EAA) shrimp commodities in Pinrang District, South Sulawesi

This study aims to develop a strategy for the sustainability of shrimp aquaculture using an ecosystem approach or EAA in Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi. A series of analyzes were carried out, namely the environmental carrying capacity analysis of aquaculture using pond environmental feasibility standards, analysis of critical factors for the sustainability of aquaculture using multidimensional scaling analysis, analysis of the sustainability status of aquaculture using pairwise comparison analysis and analysis of shrimp aquaculture management strategies based on EAA. using hierarchy process analysis. The results showed that the following strategies were needed: a) accelerating spatial planning and implementing programs in accordance with the directions for spatial use and control; b) institutional strengthening of capital cultivators in order to complement and improve facilities and infrastructure in accordance with the SOP; and c) increasing the level of education and providing a social and economic security system for members of the shrimp farming community

Aplikasi pengendalian hayati untuk penyakit parasitik pada Kerbau Rawa di Desa Tanjung Pering Kecamatan Inderalaya Kabupaten Ogan Ilir

One of the problems that occur in buffalo farms in tanjung pering village is that buffaloes often experience health problems caused by parasites. The results of initial observations showed that livestock showed symptoms such as dry skin, hair loss, loss of appetite, lethargy and finally decreased productivity and even death. This disease often appears during the transition from the rainy season to the dry season. Based on the results of research that has been carried out on faecal samples of swamp buffalo in the villages of tanjung pering and tanjung senai, the identification of the presence of parasite eggs of cestode, nematode and trematode. This activity aims to provide knowledge innovation to the farming community in tanjung pering village about the methods and importance of biological control as an alternative to controlling the spread of parasitic diseases. The methods used in this activity are counseling, training in the form of demonstrations and activity evaluations. The results of the extension activities show that there is an increase in the understanding of farmers about the causes and symptoms of the disease, how to handle and biological control of parasites by using the nematophagus fungus. The conclusion of this activity is the existence of continuous application of disease control using biological agents to suppress livestock populations experiencing parasitic infections.

The Impact of Perceived Benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives on Wetland Farming Communities in Indonesia

The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) literature has advanced beyond its long-standing emphasis on a firm's financial performance to include its social impact. However, it has fallen short of offering insight into how effective CSR is in the event of a disaster. This study investigated the community's perception of CSR in wetland farmers communities after flood disasters. Data were from 49 farmer groups in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The research hypotheses were drawn: Perceived benefits of CSR initiatives affect farming community resilience, farming community wellbeing, and perceived competence of wetland farmers; Community resilience affects community wellbeing; Community wellbeing and community resilience affect perceived competence of farmers. The structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis showed that CSR initiatives positively affected community resilience and community wellbeing but had no effect on the perceived competence of farmers; Community resilience had a positive effect on community wellbeing. However, both community wellbeing and resilience did not affect perceived competence. This study sheds light on the complex link between the community and the individual. Triple bottom line and community psychology theories were applied, and this study contributes to the social impact of CSR by focusing on both community and individual, especially in the face of natural disasters in wetlands.

The Indian Farming-Community and their Health-Concerns for a Sustainable Agriculture

The exposure of farmers to agricultural hazards and risks has been increased in their work-places with the recent developments in agricultural sectors in most of the developing countries. This higher expose may be due to the enhanced need in meeting the food as well as monetary demand of farming house-holds. The agricultural-productivity has also been reduced in developing countries because of the exposure of farmers to work-related stresses affecting their well-being. Thus, an attempt was made in this study for exploring the mental-health disorders among the farmers and the farming-community in the state of Odisha in India for undertaking possible intervention strategies by the government and competent authorities.

Traditional Piscicidal Knowledge along the Chakpi River and other Water Bodies in Chandel District, Manipur State : Past and Present Scenario

The present study was undertaken with an aim to expound the various indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) practices centring around the stagnant or semi-stagnant water bodies in Chandel district of Manipur. The prevailing indigenous practices were considered and only three groups of indigenous practices were found to be rational in the present scenario which could be further assessed, documented and propagated for the benefit of farming community. The three group of indigenous practices involve the age-old methods of stupefying the fish in ponds or rivers using tree barks, roots and leaves of specific trees or plants having ichthyotoxic properties. Two filters were applied to identify the ITKs. The first filter being rationality therein only ITK practices having rationality score more than 2.4 being explained in the study. The second filter was mean perceived effectiveness index (MPEI). Of the 17 practices evaluated, 3 were rational (42.08%) while the remaining 14 were rejected as irrational (57.92%). The perceived effectiveness and adoption rate analysis of these age-old ITKs indicated that, the traditional use of stupefying barks was rated as rational (3.01), perceived as highly effective (2.60) and adopted by 78 per cent of the respondents whereas on the lower end, the method incorporating the juice extract of ichthyotoxic leaves was rated as rational (2.48), perceived as effective (1.9) and adopted by 48 per cent of respondents.

Role of Growth-Promoting Bacteria as Biocontrol Agent Against Root Knot Nematode of Tomato

There are significant losses which have occurred in crops due to the infestation of plant parasitic nematode which are known as hidden enemy due to their presence in rhizosphere and their infection site on the roots. Synthetic nematicidal control is an effective strategy to combat this biotic stress but an inappropriate and deficient application of chemical pesticides have an adverse effect on soil micro-flora and fauna. Due to the environmental and regulatory pressure, use of potential biocontrol agents is the new approach for nematode management by the farming community. For this study, four potential rhizobacteria from different habitats BHU1, BHU2, BHU3 and BHU4 were assessed for their antagonistic activities against Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato plant. These were characterized on the basis of their morphological and biochemical activities. In vitro screening of bacterial isolates was conducted in a 25-microwell plate by addition of second stage juvenile (J2) of M. incognita with nematode application. Among four bacteria,, three potential antagonistic bacteria were able to kill nematode within 24 hours. Mortality percentage of J2 M. incognita observed in sterile distilled water selected bacterial isolates ranged from 23.33 to 100% in 3h to 24h periods. Moreover, all bacterial isolates except BHU2 isolate were found positive for production of extracellular enzymes like catalase, oxidase, chitinase, amylase and gelatinase which favour effective biopesticide activity of bacteria. Further selected isolates of bacteria associated with tomato have shown a great potential as biocontrol agents against root-knot nematode in tomato during pot experiment. Based on the fact stated above, the current research focused on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria based nematodes biocontrol strategies with direct and indirect mechanism of PGPR for nematode management.

ROLE OF FARMERS GROUPS IN INCREASING SUSTAINABLE RICE PADDY FARMING BUSINESS IN LUBUK BAYAS VILLAGE OF PERBAUNGAN SUBDISTRICT

Farmer groups as a forum for organization and collaboration between members have a very important role in the life of the farming community, because all activities and problems in farming are carried out by groups simultaneously. With the existence of farmer groups, farmers can jointly solve problems which include the fulfillment of agricultural production facilities, technical production and marketing of products. Seeing this potential, farmer groups need to be fostered and empowered further in order to develop optimally. In increasing rice production, it is necessary to preserve the production environment, one of which is through the use of organic fertilizers. Various forms and materials of organic fertilizer can be applied depending on the availability at the farm location. In an effort to improve sustainable farming, The things that are applied are increasing productivity in farming activities and the use of superior seeds, the use of fertilizers, pesticides and the application of cooperation for the manufacture of fertilizers so that group members do not need to buy fertilizer. The existence of institutions/KUD in a village is very helpful for farming communities because these institutions can also take capital loans for farmers so that farmers are able to provide good production facilities, which so far farmers have only relied on outside capital, which is not certain whether they can afford it. continue to cooperate with farmer groups.

Constraints Faced by the Farm Based Agri-Input Enterpreneurs in Central Telangana Region

In a situation when farmers’ suicide and distress sell still remain the key issues in India’s Agricultural scenario, we are dreaming of achieving a double income for the farming community. This gap in the income level of farmers can only be bridged by adopting newer income generating opportunities like establishing Farm based enterprises. Farm based enterprises are the vehicles for transforming rural India, these enterprises are maintained by the agripreneurs and this are the people enthusiastically more interestedly established units in agriculture especially in rural areas. Main aim of my research is to knowing about the constraints faced by the farm based agri input entrepreneurs and their impact on rural people especially on farmers of the area. The research investigation was conducted in Central Telangana region of Sanga Reddy district it consists of three revenue divisions namely Zahirabad, Narayanakhed and Sanga Reddy. From each revenue division Nine blocks were selected purposively using simple random sampling method thus making up a total of 26 blocks. From out of 26 Blocks each block 09 respondents interviewed and collected data with help of specially designed interview schedule it constitutes a total of 234 farm based agri-input entrepreneurs. The exploratory research design was used for the study. the objective to know the problems experienced by the Farm based Agripreneurs to start and run the farm-based enterprises. Constraints of agripreneurs stated that inadequate field diagnostic skills, lack of seed availability and storage facilities, high transportation costs, lack of financial facilities etc. are major Constraints faced by the farm based agri input entrepreneurs.

Conceptualization of a framework of decision support system for agriculture in hilly region

Decision support system (DSS) in agriculture helps farming community to take appropriate decision as per the situation to maximize economic return by enhancing productivity and reducing the cost of inputs. The prime most purpose of DSS is to enhance the input use efficiency by applying the input when it is needed most. The requirement of DSS in the hilly states is being felt more as environmental conditions vary greatly in tempo-spatial domain. Climate change associated with increasing probability of extreme weather conditions has further deepened the need of DSS. There have been many attempts in the past to use / develop DSS in the hilly regions. The serious efforts in this direction were initiated by fine tuning the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) in Indian conditions. DSSAT helps to take appropriate decisions on selection of cultivar, sowing time, irrigation, fertilization and harvesting of crops. Of late geospatial technology alone and in combination with crop simulation model has also been used to develop DSS. Present paper underlines the efforts of researchers / academicians to develop DSS in hilly states with their usability and limitations. Paper also conceptualizes a framework of DSS for hilly regions by integrating a forewarning system and agriculture expert system.