scholarly journals Buy the Book? Evidence on the Effect of Textbook Funding on School-Level Achievement

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian L. Holden
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Level ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
High Benefit

This paper considers the effect of textbook funding on school-level test performance by using a quasi-experimental setting in the United States. I consider a lawsuit in California that provided a one-time payment of $96.90 per student for textbooks if schools fell below a threshold of academic performance. Exploiting this variation with a regression discontinuity (RD) design, I find that textbook funding has significant positive effects on school-level achievement in elementary schools and has a high benefit-per-dollar. In contrast to elementary schools, I find no effect in middle and high schools though these estimates are very imprecise. (JEL H75, I21, I22, I24, I28)

Individual- and School-level Predictors of Latent Profiles of Bullying Victimization: Comparing South Korea and the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199795
Author(s):  
Yoonsun Han ◽  
Shinhye Lee ◽  
Eunah Cho ◽  
Juyoung Song ◽  
Jun Sung Hong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Level ◽  
Social Disorganization Theory ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Latent Profiles

This cross-national research investigated nationally representative adolescents from South Korea and the United States, explored similarities and differences in latent profiles of bullying victimization between countries, and examined individual- and school-level variables that predict such latent profiles supported by the Social Disorganization Theory. The fourth-grade sample of the 2015 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study from South Korea ( N = 4,669) and the United States ( N = 10,029) was used to conduct a latent profile analysis based on eight items of the bullying victimization questionnaire. Multilevel logistic regression was conducted using latent profiles as dependent variables. Independent variables include individual-level (material goods, school absence, academic interest, school belonging) and school-level (concentration of affluent families, school resources, the severity of delinquency, academic commitment) factors. More similarities existed than differences in the latent groups of bullying victimization between South Korea ( rare, low-moderate, verbal-relational-physical, and multi-risk) and the United States ( rare, low-moderate, verbal-relational, and multi-risk). Evidence for school-level variables as predictors of bullying victimization profiles was stronger for adolescents in the United States, with a concentration of affluent families and severity of delinquency being significant in four of the six models. For the South Korean sample, the severity of delinquency predicted bullying victimization in only one model. Examination of both individual- and school-level factors that predict unique bullying victimization experiences grounded in Social Disorganization Theory may be informative for addressing key areas of intervention—especially at the school-level context in which victimization primarily takes place and where anti-bullying intervention programs are often provided.

Capstone experiences in small MPA programs in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younhee Kim
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Directed Group ◽  
Capstone Course ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Paper Model ◽  
Capstone Courses ◽  
Pilot Experience ◽  
Quasi Experimental

A capstone experience, as an exit degree requirement, allows Master of Public Administration (MPA) students to build quasi-experimental practices by applying learned knowledge and skills throughout their curriculum in the United States. Accredited MPA programs have implemented their capstone courses differently to achieve required standards. Small programs have faced more challenges in organizational capacities than big programs. Although no consensus on standard capstone course components has been made, this study intends to discuss feasible capstone formats for small programs by reviewing the relatively small accredited MPA programs. The majority of the comparable programs have adopted the professional paper model with different course structures. In response to the program reviews and the pilot experience, three components are suggested to redesign a capstone course for small programs: faculty-directed; group-based; and project-focused. The capstone pilot experience has confirmed that ownership by the involvement of many faculty and external inputs in designing the course is critical to implement successful capstone experiences for small programs.

An examination of six macroenvironment forces on globalization between 2006 and 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-245
Author(s):  
AbdulHafiz Henry James AbdulHafiz ◽  
Talal Alsaif
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Events ◽  
Convergence Of Cultures

This study looks at the economic, political, environmental, cultural, technological, legal, and ethical macro-environmental forces which impact globalization Pre-2018.  Key events are examined as indicators of the state of globalization around the world.  The examination of globalization centers on these key events in the United States and Saudi Arabia.  The issues that rose out these events are used to interpret whether the state of globalization is influenced.  The issues of economic class, unemployment, CEO compensation, The Kyoto Protocol, the rise of social media, and Saudi Arabia’s joining the WTO are examined based on their influence on the state of globalization.  The study concludes that convergence of cultures, based on nation-states’ responses to the arbitrage of information in the areas of economies, politics, environment, law, culture, and ethics has is a real influence on the state of globalization.  The negative or positive effects of globalization are irrelevant in comparison to the actions taking by nation-states in response to key events.

Loss Aversion in Professional Golf

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-217
Author(s):  
Ryan Elmore ◽  
Andrew Urbaczewski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Country Club ◽  
Aversive Behavior ◽  
Analyze Data

We examine loss aversion in the context of professional golf at US Open tournaments. In particular, we analyze data from two courses, Pebble Beach Golf Links and Oakmont Country Club, where they have hosted six and five US Opens, respectively. The United States Golf Association changed the par rating of a hole on each course from a par 5 to a par 4, without fundamentally altering the hole, in each US Open hosted by these courses since 2000. In this natural experimental setting, we find evidence of significant loss-aversive behavior in the world’s best golfers based solely on par rating.

scholarly journals Chagas Disease Serological Test Performance in U.S. Blood Donor Specimens

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Whitman ◽  
Christina A. Bulman ◽  
Emma L. Gunderson ◽  
Amanda M. Irish ◽  
Rebecca L. Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Blood Donor ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Confirmatory Test

ABSTRACT Chagas disease affects an estimated 300,000 individuals in the United States. Diagnosis in the chronic phase requires positive results from two different IgG serological tests. Three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) (Hemagen, Ortho, and Wiener) and one rapid test (InBios) are FDA cleared, but comparative data in U.S. populations are sparse. We evaluated 500 seropositive and 300 seronegative blood donor plasma samples. Country of birth was known for 255 seropositive specimens, which were grouped into regions as follows: Mexico (n = 94), Central America (n = 88), and South America (n = 73). Specimens were tested by the four FDA-cleared IgG serological assays. Test performance was evaluated by two comparators and latent class analysis. InBios had the highest sensitivity (97.4% to 99.3%) but the lowest specificity (87.5% to 92.3%). Hemagen had the lowest sensitivity (88.0% to 92.0%) but high specificity (99.0% to 100.0%). The level of sensitivity was intermediate for Ortho (92.4% to 96.5%) and Wiener (94.0% to 97.1%); both had high specificity (98.8% to 100.0% and 96.7% to 99.3%, respectively). The levels of antibody reactivity and clinical sensitivity were lowest in donors from Mexico, intermediate in those from Central America, and highest in those from South America. Our findings provide an initial evidence base to improve laboratory diagnosis of Chagas disease in the United States. The best current testing algorithm would employ a high-sensitivity screening test followed by a high-specificity confirmatory test.

What's Going On

1982 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 33
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Long Island ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time Limit ◽  
Information Contact ◽  
Creative Problem Solving ◽  
Outstanding Achievement ◽  
Creative Problem

Math olympiad. The purpose of the Long Island Math Olympiad for Elementary Schools (LIMOES) is to provide opportunities for creative problem solving to students in grades 3-6. Some 11 000 children from over 300 schools in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Guam participated in the 1980-81 Olympiads. Competitions are scheduled for January, February, and March in 1982. The problems are mailed to the participating schools, with instruct ions for date of administration and the time limit on each problem. Certificates, cloth patches of the Olympiad logo, pins, and trophies are awarded to students for outstanding achievement. For more information contact George Lenchner, President LIMOES, One Kent Road, Valley Stream, NY 11 580.

Providing for Able Students at the Local School Level

1981 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Gwen Shufelt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early History ◽  
School Level ◽  
Rural Culture ◽  
Education For All ◽  
Local School ◽  
Universal Education ◽  
History Of

In the early history of education in the United States it was only the capable student who remained in school. At that time mathematics was considered a subject appropriate for the intellectually elite and the needs of a predominantly rural culture did not include extensive education for the majority. However, with the spread of the Jeffersonian ideal of democracy based on universal education, by the middle of the twentieth century, education for all was becoming a reality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document