Reported MPC and Unobserved Heterogeneity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-297
Author(s):  
Tullio Jappelli ◽  
Luigi Pistaferri
Keyword(s):  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Household Resources ◽  
Italian Survey ◽  
Marginal Propensity To Consume ◽  
Strong Negative Relationship ◽  
Marginal Propensity ◽  
The Relationship

Panel data on reported marginal propensity to consume in the 2010 and 2016 Italian Survey of Household Income and Wealth uncover a strong negative relationship between cash on hand and MPC. Even though the relationship is attenuated when using regression methods that control for unobserved heterogeneity, the amount of bias is moderate. MPC estimates are used to evaluate the effectiveness of revenue-neutral fiscal policies targeting different parts of the distribution of household resources. (JEL E21, E62, G51)

Is There a Threshold Effect of Public Debt on Economic Growth?

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Seher Gulsah Topuz ◽  
Taner Sekmen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Panel Threshold Regression

In this chapter, the relationship between public debt and economic growth is examined for OECD countries. In order to determine this relationship, the data between 2002 and 2016 is analyzed using panel threshold regression methods. The findings of the study suggest that the relationship between public debt and economic growth is linear. The public debt threshold is estimated at 99.75% for OECD countries but it is statistically insignificant. While the public debt to GDP ratio is both below and above this threshold, the effect of public debt on economic growth is negative and statistically significant. There is no evidence of the existence of a non-linear relationship between public debt and economic growth. These findings are expected to guide policymakers in the implementation of fiscal policies.

scholarly journals Fiscal Policy and MPC Heterogeneity

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullio Jappelli ◽  
Luigi Pistaferri
Keyword(s):  
Precautionary Savings ◽  
Income Risk ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Redistributive Policies ◽  
Italian Survey ◽  
Marginal Propensity To Consume ◽  
Transitory Income ◽  
Marginal Propensity ◽  
Household Responses ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

We use responses to survey questions in the 2010 Italian Survey of Household Income and Wealth that ask consumers how much of an unexpected transitory income change they would consume. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 48 percent on average. We also find substantial heterogeneity in the distribution, as households with low cash-on-hand exhibit a much higher MPC than affluent households, which is in agreement with models with precautionary savings, where income risk plays an important role. The results have important implications for predicting household responses to tax reforms and redistributive policies. (JEL D12, D14, E21, E62, H23, H24)

Linking Transparency to Trust in Government and Voice

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Porumbescu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Trust In Government ◽  
Strong Negative Relationship ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Government Website ◽  
Website Use

The objective of this study is to provide a more nuanced assessment of the relationship between public sector transparency and trust in government. Specifically, we examine how different tools used to enhance transparency—social media and e-government websites—relate to citizens’ perceptions of government trustworthiness. We then examine how these relationships vary according to how frequently citizens exercise voice. Findings indicate respondents’ use of public sector social media is positively related to perceptions of government trustworthiness. E-government website use lacks a significant relationship to perceptions of government trustworthiness. However, a strong negative relationship emerged between e-government website use and perceptions of trustworthiness as respondents’ frequency of voice increased.

scholarly journals Ergodic cobweb chaos

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Upper And Lower Bounds ◽  
Marginal Product ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Cobweb Model ◽  
Marginal Propensity To Consume ◽  
Output Constraints ◽  
Stable Periodic ◽  
Marginal Propensity ◽  
The Relationship

This study augments the traditional linear cobweb model with lower and upper bounds for variations of output. Its purpose is to detect the relationship between the output constraints and the dynamics of the modified model. Due to the upper and lower bounds, a transitional function takes on a tiltedz-profile having three piecewise segments with two turning points. It prevents the price (or quantity) dynamics from explosive oscillations. This study demonstrates, by presenting numerical examples, that the modified cobweb model can generate various dynamics ranging from stable periodic cycles to ergodic chaos if a product of the marginal propensity to consume and the marginal product is greater than unity.

scholarly journals Big Data in Corporate Governance decision

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Juan Grau Grau ◽  
Inmaculada Bel Oms
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Audit Committees ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
Strong Negative Relationship ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Relationship

Progress in Big Data in recent years has grown exponentially, which hasallowed the detection and processing of a large amount of data. Until recently,this fact was unattainable by the lack of mechanization of the corporategovernance reports. This paper investigates the relationship betweencorporate governance decisions affect the indebtedness policies of 1,956industrial companies listed in Europe and the USA over the period 2016–2018(5,868 observations). To measure corporate governance decisions, we usedetailed information on the expertise of audit committees, the proportion ofindependent directors, board structures and women's presence on corporateboards. Our findings, which are based on a static panel data analysis, showthat there is a strong negative relationship between Audit Committeesexpertise and indebtedness level in European and North American companies.There are also evidence that European and American companies with a one-tier board structure and Audit Committees expertise are less likely to havelower level of indebtedness. Our results shed new light on corporategovernance in relation to the experience of audit committees and the influenceof their characteristics on indebtedness policy.

scholarly journals Determining Connections between Attachments in Romantic Relationships and Emotional Intelligence in Female University Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Doktorová Dominika ◽  
Mičková Zuzana ◽  
Masár Michal
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
University Students ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Strong Negative Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the research is to determine whether there is a statistically significant relationship between attachment and emotional intelligence. We used a revised questionnaire (ECR-R) to determine the relationship and we used the TEIQue-SF questionnaire to determine emotional intelligence. The research sample consisted of 260 respondents from 22 to 25 years, where the average age was 23.45 years. Within the results, we found that there is a moderately strong negative relationship between avoidant attachment and emotional intelligence and a strong negative relationship between anxious attachment and emotional intelligence.

scholarly journals Increased Anxiety and Decreased Confidence Lead to Poorer Short-Passing Performance in Collegiate Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bila ◽  
Angela Hillman
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Anxiety Test ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Strong Negative Relationship ◽  
Passing Ability ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Competitive soccer players are required to perform short passing under stressful conditions; their success may be related to their self-confidence and anxiety levels. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between short-passing ability and anxiety and self-confidence among collegiate soccer players. Methods: Seventeen Division III collegiate soccer players (20.0 ± 1.0 years, 65% female) completed the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory (ACSI), Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT), Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory (TSCI), and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R) and the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT). Spearman’s rho (rs) was used to identify if a relationship between these inventories and LSPT time existed. Results: Mean LSPT total time was 55.7 ± 12.0 seconds. We observed positive relationships between SCAT and LSPT total time (rs = .51, p = .04) and CSAI-2R and LSPT total time (rs = .55, p =.03). Furthermore, a strong negative relationship was found between TSCI and LSPT total time (rs = -.68, p = .004). Conclusions: There is a relationship between anxiety, confidence and short-passing performance in collegiate soccer players. Coaches should consider interventions to decrease players’ anxiety and improve self-confidence in preparation for soccer competition.

The Effect of Student Evaluations on Academic Success

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Artz ◽  
David M. Welsch
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Student Evaluations ◽  
Comprehensive University ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
American University ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Student Evaluations Of Teachers ◽  
The Relationship

This article uses longitudinal student-level data from the American University of Sharjah, a large comprehensive university in the Middle East, to examine the relationship between student evaluations of teachers and current and future student achievement. Our model strategies control for the observed and unobserved heterogeneity of students and use unique instruments. We find that when all disciplines are examined together there is a positive relationship between current evaluation and current grade point average (GPA) but a negative relationship between past evaluations and current GPA. Discipline-specific estimations find the same results in the math and science course subsample, but for other course types there is little relation between evaluation and GPA.

Sexual relationships and self-esteem: Why do Women Get the Short-End of the Stick?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Craig-Broadwith
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Strong Negative Relationship ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
The Relationship

My study will investigate sex differences in the relationship between number of sexual partners and self-esteem. Previous research has found a moderate positive relationship between number of sexual partners and self-esteem in men, while finding a strong negative relationship in women. Women who engage in more short-term sexual relationships are left feeling vulnerable, depressed, and have lower scores of self-esteem. Men on the other hand, appear to have an ego boost with the more short-term sexual partners they have. Why is this? My study, using an evolutionary psychological perspective, will investigate the relationship between number of sexual partners and self-esteem in hopes of piecing together why men and women are affected so differently.

Research on the Relationship between Income and Consumption of Residents Based on the Regression Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 543-547 ◽  
pp. 4331-4334
Author(s):  
Zai Tang Wang ◽  
Na Wang
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Marginal Propensity To Consume ◽  
Marginal Propensity ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text. The text area for your manuscript In this paper, through regression model analysis relationship between income and consumption of the residents, found that the rural per capita income, urban per capita income has significant effects on the rural consumption and urban per capita consumption. After comparison with regression coefficients found that spontaneous consumption of rural household per capita is less than the urban, but the marginal propensity to consume of rural is higher than urban.

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