scholarly journals Friction at high sliding speed of WC-6Co pin versus steel disc AISI 1045: estimation of the contact temperature

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kagnaya ◽  
Boher ◽  
Lambert ◽  
Lazard ◽  
Cutard
Keyword(s):  
Contact Temperature ◽  
Versus Steel ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Aisi 1045 ◽  
Steel Disc

scholarly journals TRIBOLOGICAL EFFECT OF PALM STERIN AND ENGINE OIL (CMEO) ON PURE ALUMINIUM PIN STEEL DISC WITH VARIES SPEED AND CONSTANT LOAD

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiman Y ◽  
Syahrullail S. ◽  
S. M. Azhar ◽  
Ummikalsom A. ◽  
Kameil A. H.
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Pure Aluminium ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Lubrication Performance ◽  
Steel Disc

Palm stearin has high biodegradability and produces low pollution to the environment. This oil can be improved based on its natural behaviour and can be an alternative to replace the widely used commercial mineral oils. Thus, the negative impact towards the environment can be reduced. This research is to study the performance of two type lubricants which is vegetable oil (Palm Stearin) and commercial mineral engine oil (CMEO). The sample will be tested using pin on disc tribotester machine that follows ASTM G99 standard. The materials used for this experiment are pure aluminium pin (A110) with spherical head and stainless steel disc (SKD11) with four grooves. The experiment will take one hour to finish one test. The conditions that were considered before the beginning of the experiment are constant loads of 1kg, varies sliding speed of 1.5 m/s to 3.5 m/s with incremental 1 m/s and 2.5 ml volume of oil. The wear rate and coefficient of friction can be determined in this experiment. From the result obtained, the coefficient of friction (COF) of palm stearin is 45% higher than CMEO and also the trend for both oils are inversely proportional with sliding speed. Besides that, the wear rate of palm stearin is also bigger than CMEO, which shows that CMEO has better lubrication performance when compared to palm stearin. The additives is needed for palm stearin so that the lubrication performance can compete with the CMEO. From the result also, vegetable oil shows a potential to be a commercial lubricant when the deficiencies can be overcome.

scholarly journals Effect of Micro-Textured Surfaces and Sliding Speed on the Lubrication Mechanism and Friction-Wear Characteristics of CF/PEEK Rubbing against 316L Stainless Steel under Seawater Lubrication

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9915
Author(s):  
Yingna Liang ◽  
Jianxin Gao ◽  
Dianrong Gao ◽  
Yanan Sun ◽  
Zongyi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Contact Temperature ◽  
Oxidative Wear ◽  
Lubrication Mechanism ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Wear Characteristics

In this work, the lubrication mechanism and friction-wear characteristics of the friction pair between carbon-fiber-reinforced polyether ether ketone (CF/PPEK) and 316L stainless steel with a micro-hemispherical pit textured surface at different sliding speeds under seawater lubrication were studied through numerical simulation and experimental investigation. The study results indicate that the seawater moves following the sliding direction of the upper specimen, forms a vortex ring flow in the hemispherical pit of the bottom specimen, uses the convergent gap to generate a hydrodynamic effect, produces the bearing capacity, and realizes fluid lubrication. The hemispherical pit diminishes the abrasive wear during the friction process by storing the wear debris, and the main wear forms of the hemispherical-pit surface friction pair are oxidative wear and adhesive wear. The friction coefficient of the hemispherical-pit surface friction pair is 0.018–0.027, the specimen contact temperature is 40.2–55.1 °C, and it is always in the hydrodynamic lubrication state in a rotation speed ranging from 1000 r/min to 1750 r/min. As the sliding speed increases, the specimen contact temperature climbs, and the oxidation reaction gradually becomes full. Oxidative wear and adhesive wear alternately play a dominant role in the friction, and the wear rate first decreases and then increases sharply.

Paper 19: Unlubricated Sliding at High Speeds between Copper and Steel Surfaces

1966 ◽  
Vol 181 (15) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kadhim ◽  
S. W. E. Earles
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Steel Disc ◽  
Steel Surfaces

Experiments are described in which stationary copper specimens are rubbed in a normal atmosphere against a rotating S62 steel disc under normal loads up to 4·5 lbf. The coefficient of friction is measured at sliding speeds of 93, 220, 328, and 490 ft/s using ⅛-in diameter specimens. Except at the lowest speed a gradual buildup of a continuous copper oxide layer on the disc track is observed with increasing normal load together with a corresponding decrease in the coefficient of friction. Having established an oxide layer on the track the coefficient of friction observed is low for all normal loads. The coefficient of friction is shown to decrease with normal load N and sliding speed U, to be a function of N1/2 U, and to depend on the state of the disc surface. Wear of -in diameter specimens is measured by weighing before and after a test. The wear rate is shown to decrease with sliding speed and increase with load, and for speeds of 220 and 328 ft/s to be a function of N/U. The wear rates measured at 93 ft/s are the same function of N/U for low values of N/U.

Influence of Different Sliding Velocity on the Thermo-Mechanical Coupling of the Rough Surface Contact

2010 ◽  
Vol 29-32 ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Hui Gao ◽  
Jian Meng Huang ◽  
Lei Dai
Keyword(s):  
Rough Surface ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Frictional Heating ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Contact Temperature ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Maximum Contact

Sliding velocity has a direct impact on friction heat and contact situation. Frictional heating and associated temperature seriously affects the material chemical and physical - mechanical properties, and is one of the direct factors on the wear mechanism. To analyze the influence of the sliding speed on the maximum contact temperature, contact pressure, stress, etc, a 3D thermo-mechanical coupling model for the rough surface frictional sliding is established. The rough surface is characterized based on fractal theory. The model considers friction contact between an elastic flat plane and an elasto-plastic rough surface. Also, the model integrates the heat flux coupling between the sliding surfaces and allows the analysis of the effects of elastic-plastic deformation of rough body and the interplay among asperities. The numerical results from the analysis and simulation show that the maximum contact temperature increases with the increasing of the sliding velocity. But the maximum VonMises equivalent stress and the maximum contact pressure have few relationships with sliding speed. They may increase or reduce with the sliding velocity increasing. Some results are validated by research’s results available in the literature.

Application of the Response Surface Method to the Tribological Analysis of a Medium-Carbon Steel Under Mild-Oxidational Wear

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chau Chang Chou ◽  
Jen Fin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Contact Temperature ◽  
Rate Parameter ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Surface Method

Instead of using the conventional oxidation theory to depict a disk’s wear rate as a function of contact temperature, the response surface method (RSM) is herein introduced to relieve the one-factor-at-a-time defect in portraying tribological characteristics. By means of a central composite design technique, fewer operating conditions are needed to establish expressions for the wear rate parameter, the contact temperature and the friction coefficient as a function of sliding speed and applied load. A second degree polynomial was used to represent a curved surface which fits the experimental data. In addition to results for the designated operating conditions, wear rate parameters and contact temperatures obtained from the polynomials were compared with the experimental results. The activation energy in the wear rate expression can be derived from a function of sliding speed, applied load, and contact temperature. The experimental data for the wear rate parameter can be described by smooth curves, instead of two different straight lines in two temperature divisions.

A Global Tribological Approach of Friction Dry Contact Polymer with SGF on Steel, in Terms of Consequences on Metallic Surface Condition (Comparative Wear Coefficients of Steel Surface)

2015 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 927-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgil Florescu ◽  
Lucian Capitanu ◽  
Dorin Rus
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Contact Temperature ◽  
Metallic Surface ◽  
Linear Wear ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Dry Contact ◽  
Steel Surfaces

In this paper, we present a global tribological approach of friction dry contact polymer with SGF on steel, in terms of consequences on metallic surface condition (comparative wear coefficients of polished steel surface) based on extensive experimental determinations between the value and the evolution of the friction coefficient, wear of steel surfaces and contact temperature, in the case of linear dry contact, for thermoplastic material reinforced with short glass fibers (SGF) and various steel surfaces. The aim was to highlight the evolution of the wear process depending on the friction coefficient, as well as the dependence of the loading wear and the sliding speed. Wear depth and volume were calculated based on the “wear imprint” method. As a result, it was possible to graphically illustrate the evolution of the friction coefficient, of the contact temperature, and the change of the wear process, emphasizing the abrasive, adhesive and corrosive wear. The evolution of the plastic material transfer function of the contact temperature, namely of the power lost by friction was highlighted. It has been demonstrated that in the case of a 30% SGF content it can reach and even exceed contact temperatures very close to the yield limit of the plastic material. The influence of the normal load and sliding speed was evaluated in detail. The influence of SGF content, normal load, relative sliding speed and contact temperature over the metal surface wear and over the nature of wear mechanism was recorded. The reaction to wear of different steel surfaces in linear dry friction contact on polymers with SGF (polyamide + 20% SGF, polyamide + 30% SGF and polycarbonate with 20% SGF), observing the friction influence over the metallic surfaces wear. The paper includes also its analysis over the steel’s wear from different points of view: the reinforcement content influence and tribological parameters (load, contact pressure, sliding speed, contact temperature, etc.). Thus, authors' findings related to the fact that the abrasive component of the friction force is more significant than the adhesive component are presented, which generally is specific to the polymers’ friction. Authors’ detections also state that, in the case of the polyamide with 30% glass fibres, the steel surface linear wear rate order are of 10-4mm/h, respectively the order of volumetric wear rate is of 10-6cm3/h. The resulting comparative volumetric wear coefficients are of the order (10-11to 10-12) cm3/cm and respectively linear wear coefficients of 10-9mm/cm.

Boundary Lubrication Model under Square Surface Contact Condition

2010 ◽  
Vol 29-32 ◽  
pp. 1396-1401
Author(s):  
Wei Zu Wang ◽  
Liu Yi Wang ◽  
Zeng Xue Zhang ◽  
Hai Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Contact Temperature ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Surface Contact ◽  
Relative Deficiency ◽  
Frictional Surfaces ◽  
Relationship Of

The contact temperature of the frictional surfaces under boundary lubrication in square surface contact is calculated according to classic heat conduction theories. The friction coefficient of boundary lubrication is expressed with the friction coefficient of boundary film and direct contact. Then, a model is developed based on the relationship of adsorption heat, friction coefficient and contact temperature. The model is used to solve a sample question. The results illuminate that when the applied load is relatively small, the friction coefficient keeps at a stable small value with the variation of the sliding speed and the load. However, when the load reaches a certain value, the increase of the sliding speed or the normal load both leads to the increase of the friction coefficient. The friction coefficient is also increases with the increase of the contact temperature. The relative deficiency of oil, which indicates the proportion of the true contact area to mean contact area, has almost the same variation trend of the friction coefficient.

Efek perlakuan panas terhadap retakan pada bahan aisi 1045

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 698
Author(s):  
Akhyar Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Aisi 1045

Baja SAE/AISI 1045 merupakan salah satu jenis baja karbon yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai komponen dan konstruksi mesin. Namun demikian, dalam kondisi operasi dan konstruksi baja AISI 1045 seringkali terjadi kegagalan, akibat retakan yang timbul pada proses pengecoran, pabrikasi dan atau perlakuan panas. Karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan pengaruh hardening dan tempering terhadap kekerasan dan struktur mikro, dan retakan, Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan dan uji laboratorium, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) makin tinggi suhu pemanasan, makin tinggi harga kekerasan, (2) makin tinggi waktu penahanan, makin tinggi harga kekerasan, kecuali pada suhu 1000”C ketika waktu penahanan tinggi, harga kekerasan turun, (3) Hasil analisis struktur mikro dan makro menunjukkan bahwa makin tinggi suhu pemanasan makin tinggi retak guench, dan makin tinggi waktu penahanan makin tinggi juga retak guench. dengan jenis patah antar-batas-butir (intergranular), dan (4) makin tinggi suhu pemanasan makin tebal lapisan dekarburasi serelah hardening bahan tersebut.Kata kunci: AISI 1045, hardening, tempering, kekerasan, retak

The Effect of Aging and Sliding Speed on Wear Behaviour of Cu-Cr-Zr Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 468-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dursun Özyürek ◽  
Ibrahim Ciftci ◽  
Tansel Tuncay
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Zr Alloy
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