Association of SRAP markers with juvenile wood basic density and growth traits in Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook

Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth. is an important planting tree species, but little attention has been paid to its wood properties, such as shrinkage, stiffness, strength, and basic density, which are important for use in structural and appearance-grade timber applications. Here we report the genetic variation in static bending stiffness and strength of wood in a 5½-year-old clone trial in southern Vietnam and the genotypic correlations among these traits and tree diameter, wood shrinkage, and basic density. There was significant variation in stiffness and strength among 40 randomly selected clones. Clonal repeatability (H2) was high for stiffness and moderate for strength. There was no consistent pattern of difference between heartwood and sapwood for the estimates of H2 for stiffness and strength, whereas the estimates of H2 were lower for heartwood density than for sapwood density. Diameter showed a significant negative genotypic correlation with stiffness but a nonsignificant correlation with strength. Genotypic correlations between density and stiffness, and density and strength, were positive, but only the latter was significant. Stiffness and strength were not significantly correlated with wood shrinkage. There is potential to simultaneously improve tree growth, wood basic density, and the mechanical properties of juvenile wood of this species.

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Influence of Microfibril angle on within-tree variations in the Mechanical properties of chinese fir (Cunninghamia Lanceolata)

IAWA Journal ◽

10.1163/22941932-90000069 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 431-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yafang Yin ◽

Mingming Bian ◽

Kunlin Song ◽

Fuming Xiao ◽

Jiang Xiaomei

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Juvenile Wood ◽

Microfibril Angle ◽

Basic Density ◽

Chinese Fir ◽

Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽

Effective Utilization ◽

Longitudinal Modulus

Radial variations in microfibril angle (MFA) and their effect on the mechanical properties of plantation-grown Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) were investigated with the aim of achieving an effective utilization of the wood. Correlations between MFA and mechanical properties, including longitudinal modulus of elasticity (MOEL), static bending strength (MOR) and compression strength parallel-to-the-grain (CS), were analyzed for predicting the quality of timber. The results indicated that MFA had a greater variation in juvenile wood than in mature wood. The biggest change occurred close to the pith in Chinese fir. The outer-rings (rings 9–30 from the pith) have a relatively low MFA, together with high mechanical properties and high density, when compared with the inner-rings (rings 1–8 from the pith). The MFA had significant negative curvilinear correlations with all the mechanical properties (MOEL, MOR and CS) of Chinese fir, with the value of r2 being 0.88, 0.69 and 0.74 respectively. The correlation between the MFA and basic density (BD) was strong in certain consecutive rings (rings 5–30 from the pith), but this did not apply across the whole billet, i.e. from the pith to the bark.

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Genetic variation in silvicultural traits and carbon stock content in a provenance-progeny test of Genipa americana L. (Rubiaceae)

Silvae Genetica ◽

10.2478/sg-2018-0020 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 133-138

Author(s):

Miguel Luiz Menezes Freitas ◽

A. L. Coleto ◽

W. Santos ◽

M. A. Moraes ◽

J. Cambuim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Carbon Stock ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Basic Density ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Progeny Test ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Wood Basic Density

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variation of growth traits, wood basic density, dry mass of crown, leaf, and stem, and carbon stock within and between two Genipa americana L. provenances. The provenance and progeny test was installed in the Teaching, Research and Extension Farm, located in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The test was established using a randomized block design with two provenances and 36 progenies, a spacing of 3 x 2 m, four replicates, and six plants per plot. At 11 years of age, height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were measured. To estimate wood basic density, biomass, and carbon stock, 45 plants were thinned. Growth traits for crown, leaf, and stem, as well as wood basic specific gravity showed significant differences. Both provenances present high carbon storage, demonstrating the potential of this species to be included in carbon credit programs that help to minimize the effects of global warming. In general, heritability values were low, suggesting limited genetic control of the evaluated traits. However, the traits presented a high coefficient of genetic variation, indicating adequate sampling among populations; these results are promising for ex situ conservation and for future breeding programs.

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Behavior of wood basic density according to environmental variables

Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1007/s11676-021-01372-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriel Marcos Vieira Oliveira ◽

José Márcio de Mello ◽

Carlos Rogério de Mello ◽

José Roberto Soares Scolforo ◽

Eder Pereira Miguel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Variables ◽

Basic Density ◽

Wood Basic Density

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AVALIAÇÃO DE TRÊS MADEIRAS NATIVAS DO CERRADO GOIANO VISANDO À UTILIZAÇÃO ENERGÉTICA

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v8i5.10338 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 615-624

Author(s):

Humberto Fauller De Siqueira ◽

Evelym Poliana Santos Patrício ◽

Michael Douglas Roque Lima ◽

José Benedito Guimarães Junior ◽

Angélica de Cássia Oliveira Carneiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Basic Density ◽

Ash Content ◽

Muffle Furnace ◽

Fixed Carbon ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Final Temperature ◽

Wood Basic Density ◽

Longitudinal Position

Estudos que visem ampliar o conhecimento das madeiras oriundas do cerrado podem contribuir com o correto manejo das espécies. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade da madeira e do carvão vegetal de três espécies do cerrado (Tachigali vulgaris, Myracrodruon urundeuva e Amburana cearensis) para fins energéticos. Foram amostradas duas árvores por espécie e, destas, foram retirados discos da base, a 25, 50, 75 e 100% da altura total. Para a madeira, determinou-se longitudinalmente a densidade básica, composição química, estoque de carbono, poderes caloríficos superior (PCS) e inferior (PCI) e densidade energética. As carbonizações da madeira foram realizadas em forno elétrico, com temperatura final de 450 ºC e taxa de aquecimento de 1,67 ºC.min-1. A posição longitudinal de amostragem não influenciou a densidade da madeira. A madeira de M. urundeuva apresentou maior densidade básica e PCS, bem como menor teor de materiais voláteis. O carvão da espécie T. vulgaris apresentou a menor densidade aparente (298 kg.m-3) e baixo teor de cinzas (1,14%), porém elevado teor de carbono fixo e PCS. O carvão vegetal da espécie M. urundeuva se destacou com elevada densidade relativa aparente (475 kg.m-3). A ordem das melhores espécies é: M. urundeuva, A. cearensis e T. vulgaris. Palavras-chave: energia renovável; espécies nativas; potencial energético; qualidade do carvão. ASSESSMENT OF THREE NATIVE WOODS FROM CERRADO OF GOIÁS FOR THE ENERGY PURPOSES ABSTRACT: Studies aimed at expanding the knowledge of woods from cerrado can contribute to the correct management of the species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of wood and charcoal of three species from cerrado (Tachigali vulgaris, Myracrodruon urundeuva, and Amburana cearensis) for energy purposes. Two trees per species were sampled and, from these, disks were removed from the base, at 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the total height. For wood, the properties basic density, chemical analysis, carbon stock, higher (HHV) and lower (LHV) heating values were determined longitudinally. Carbonizations were carried out in a muffle furnace with a final temperature of 450 ºC and heating rate of 1.67 ºC.min-1. There was no effect of longitudinal position under the wood basic density. Myracrodruon urundeuva wood had the highest basic density and HHV, as well as the lowest content of volatile matters. The Tachigali vulgaris charcoal had the lowest bulk density (298 kg.m-3) and low ash content (1.14%), but a high content of fixed carbon and HHV. Charcoal of the species M. urundeuva stood out with high apparent relative density (475 kg.m-3). The order of the best species is M. urundeuva, A. cearensis, and T. vulgaris. Keywords: renewable energy; native species; energy potential; charcoal quality.

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Responses of radial growth, wood density and fiber traits to planting space in poplar plantations at a lowland site

Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1007/s11676-021-01382-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yanhua Zhang ◽

Shengzuo Fang ◽

Ye Tian ◽

Linlin Wang ◽

Yi Lv

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Radial Growth ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Wood Fiber ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Basic Density ◽

Ring Width ◽

Tree Ring Width ◽

Wood Basic Density ◽

Fiber Traits

AbstractPoplar is raw material for various panel, paper and fiber products. The 12 sample trees of clone Nanlin-895 from four spacings were destructively harvested after thirteen growing seasons to assess the influence of spacing on radial growth and wood properties. Spacing significantly affected tree-ring width and wood basic density (p < 0.05) but not fiber traits. The highest diameter and wood basic density at breast height (1.3 m) was in 6 m × 6 m and 3 m × 8 m spacings, respectively. However, no significant differences in tree-ring width, wood basic density and fiber traits were observed among the four sampling directions in discs taken at 1.3 m for each spacing. Growth rings from the pith and tree heights had significant effects on wood basic density and fiber anatomical characteristics, highlighting obvious temporal-spatial variations. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significantly negative relationship of tree-ring width to wood basic density, fiber length and fiber width, but a significantly positive relationship to hemicellulose. There was no relationship with cellulose and lignin contents. Based on a comprehensive assessment by the TOPSIS method, the 6 m × 6 m spacing is recommended for producing wood fiber at similar sites in the future.

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Clonal Variation and Genotype by Environment Interactions in Growth and Wood Density in Eucalyptus camaldulensis at Three Contrasting Sites in Vietnam

Silvae Genetica ◽

10.1515/sg-2010-0003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 59 (1-6) ◽

pp. 17-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

N. D. Kien ◽

G. Jansson ◽

C. Harwood ◽

C. Almqvist

Keyword(s):

Growth Traits ◽

Basic Density ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Clonal Variation ◽

Direct Selection ◽

North Central ◽

Genotype By Environment ◽

Pilodyn Penetration ◽

Selection For ◽

Genotypic Correlations

AbstractA total of 172 clones of Eucalyptus camaldulensis were tested in three clonal tests in northern, north-central and southern Vietnam, with 32 of them planted across all three sites. At age 3-5 years, the clonal repeatabilities were 0.18-0.42 for growth traits, 0.71-0.78 for wood basic density and 0.56-0.66 for pilodyn penetration. Genotypic correlations between growth and density at the three sites were from -0.24 to 0.17, and did not differ significantly from zero. Genotypic correlations between sites were 0.32-0.56 for growth traits at age 3 years, and 0.72-0.88 for density and pilodyn penetration. Selection gains for breast height diameter at individual sites at a selection proportion of 5% were 22-32%, with minor effects on density. Selection for diameter at one site gave indirect responses in diameter at the other two sites that were only 40-60% of the gains obtainable from direct selection at those sites. This study shows that fast-growing E. camaldulensis clones can be selected in Vietnam with only minor effects on density. Selection for growth should be regionally based to maximize selection gain whereas clonal rankings for density will change little across regions.

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