scholarly journals Responses of radial growth, wood density and fiber traits to planting space in poplar plantations at a lowland site

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Zhang ◽  
Shengzuo Fang ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Linlin Wang ◽  
Yi Lv
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Wood Basic Density ◽  
Fiber Traits

AbstractPoplar is raw material for various panel, paper and fiber products. The 12 sample trees of clone Nanlin-895 from four spacings were destructively harvested after thirteen growing seasons to assess the influence of spacing on radial growth and wood properties. Spacing significantly affected tree-ring width and wood basic density (p < 0.05) but not fiber traits. The highest diameter and wood basic density at breast height (1.3 m) was in 6 m × 6 m and 3 m × 8 m spacings, respectively. However, no significant differences in tree-ring width, wood basic density and fiber traits were observed among the four sampling directions in discs taken at 1.3 m for each spacing. Growth rings from the pith and tree heights had significant effects on wood basic density and fiber anatomical characteristics, highlighting obvious temporal-spatial variations. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significantly negative relationship of tree-ring width to wood basic density, fiber length and fiber width, but a significantly positive relationship to hemicellulose. There was no relationship with cellulose and lignin contents. Based on a comprehensive assessment by the TOPSIS method, the 6 m × 6 m spacing is recommended for producing wood fiber at similar sites in the future.

scholarly journals Tree-Ring Analysis Reveals Density-Dependent Vulnerability to Drought in Planted Mongolian Pines

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
ShouJia Sun ◽  
Shuai Lei ◽  
HanSen Jia ◽  
Chunyou Li ◽  
JinSong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Data

Population density influences tree responses to environmental stresses, such as drought and high temperature. Prolonged drought negatively affects the health of Mongolian pines in forests planted by the Three-North Shelter Forest Program in North China. To understand the relationship between stand density and drought-induced forest decline, and to generate information regarding the development of future management strategies, we analyzed the vulnerability to drought of planted Mongolian pines at three stand densities. A tree-ring width index for trees from each density was established from tree-ring data covering the period 1988–2018 and was compared for differences in radial growth. Resistance (Rt), recovery (Rc), resilience (Rs), and relative resilience (RRs) in response to drought events were calculated from the smoothed basal area increment (BAI) curves. The high-density (HDT) group showed a consistently lower tree-ring width than the border trees (BT) and low-density (LDT) groups. The BAI curve of the HDT group started to decrease five years earlier than the LDT and BT groups. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the radial growth of all of the groups was related to precipitation, relative humidity (RH), potential evapotranspiration (ET0), and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in the previous October and the most recent July, indicating that Mongolian pine trees of different densities had similar growth–climate relationships. Over the three decades, the trees experienced three severe drought events, each causing reduced tree-ring width and BAI. All of the groups showed similar Rc to each drought event, but the HDT group exhibited significantly lower Rt, Rs, and RRs than the BT group, suggesting that the HDT trees were more vulnerable to repeated drought stress. The RRs of the HDT group decreased progressively after each drought event and attained <0 after the third event. All of the groups showed similar trends regarding water consumption under varying weather conditions, but the HDT group showed significantly reduced whole-tree hydraulic capability compared with the other two groups. From these results, HDT trees exhibit ecophysiological memory effects from successive droughts, including sap flux dysfunction and higher competition index, which may prevent recovery of pre-drought growth rates. HDT trees may be at greater risk of mortality under future drought disturbance.

scholarly journals Radial growth of Scots pine and Norway spruce stands as an indicator of soil and environmental conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012074
Author(s):  
B Aparin ◽  
B Babikov ◽  
D Zolotukhin ◽  
E Mingareeva
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Cyclical Pattern ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Successive Change

Abstract The study presents an analysis of radial growth of Scots pine and Norway spruce trees growing on drained soils formed on varved clays at the sample sites of the Lisino Experimental Forestry (Lisino). Based on dendrochronological studies in Lisino, it has been found that the radial growth of Scots pine and Norway spruce is a sensitive indicator of changes in the soil water regime, climate, and phytocenotic relationships. On the basis of the character of tree-ring width growth, the growth charts allowed distinguishing zones with close to average growth values, as well as with increased and decreased values of radial growth. The cyclical pattern of tree ring width is well expressed in the successive change of zones. The availability of dendrochronological research materials with precise spatial and temporal reference makes it possible to organize monitoring of radial growth of trees as an indicator of changes in climate and habitat conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of climate on radial growth of Abies pindrow in Western Nepal Himalaya

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
U K Thapa ◽  
S K Shah ◽  
N P Gaire ◽  
D R Bhuju ◽  
A. Bhattacharyya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Nepal Himalaya ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Abies Pindrow

 This study aims to understand the influence of climate on radial growth of Abies pindrow growing in the plateau of mixed forest in Khaptad National Park in Western Nepal Himalaya. Based on the dated tree-ring samples, 362-year long tree-ring width chronology was developed dating back to 1650. The studied taxa of this region was found to have dendroclimatic potentiality that was evident from the chronology statistics calculated. The tree-ring chronology was correlated with climate (temperature and precipitation) data to derive the tree-growth climate relationship. The result showed significant negative relationship with March-May temperature and positive relationship with March-May precipitation. This indicates that the availability of moisture is the primary factor in limiting the tree growth.Banko Janakari, Vol. 23, No. 2, 2013

scholarly journals Responses of Larix principis-rupprechtii Radial Growth to Climatic Factors at Different Elevations on Guancen Mountain, North-Central China

Forests ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Jiachuan Wang ◽  
Shuheng Li ◽  
Yili Guo ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
Rui Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Central China ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Climate Trends

Larix principis-rupprechtii is an important afforestation tree species in the North China alpine coniferous forest belt. Studying the correlations and response relationships between Larix principis-rupprechtii radial growth and climatic factors at different elevations is helpful for understanding the growth trends of L. principis-rupprechtiind its long-term sensitivity and adaptability to climate change. Pearson correlation, redundancy (RDA), and sliding analysis were performed to study the correlations and dynamic relationships between radial growth and climatic factors. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The three-elevation standard chronologies all exhibited high characteristic values, contained rich climate information and were suitable for tree-ring climatological analyses. (2) Both temperature and precipitation restricted low-elevation L. principis-rupprechtii radial growth, while monthly maximum temperatures mainly affected mid-high-elevation L. principis-rupprechtii radial growth. (3) Mid-elevation L. principis-rupprechtii radial growth responded to climate factors with a “lag effect” and was not restricted by spring and early summer drought. (4) Long-term sliding analysis showed that spring temperatures and winter precipitation were the main climatic factors restricting L. principis-rupprechtii growth under warming and drying climate trends at different elevations. The tree-ring width index and Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) were positively correlated, indicating that L. principis-rupprechtii growth is somewhat restricted by drought. These results provide a reference and guidance for L. principis-rupprechtii management and sustainable development in different regions under warming and drying background climate trends.

Soil moisture as a reliable pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) radial growth driver

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saša Kostić ◽  
Wolfgang Wagner ◽  
Tom Levanič ◽  
Tzvetan Zlatanov ◽  
Ernest Goršić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Tree Ring Width

&lt;p&gt;New technologies, such as satellites and sensors, provide a wealth of new information about all ecosystems. In dendrochronological studies, all drought-related factors are of great importance for a more comprehensive understanding of associations between radial growth and water loss. Soil moisture directly reflects the wetness of immediate root surroundings, which is vital to the water uptake by trees. Owing to the advances in satellite observation systems and sensors, soil moisture (SM) can be remotely measured, opening new window in dendrochronological research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) lowland SE Europe forests dataset, which count 23 stands and more than 300 tree ring width (TRW) series, we observed reliable associations between satellite-based SM and TRW. Specifically, we observed different TRW&amp;#8722;SM patterns based on the precipitation regime. SM in the hottest months (July and August) boosted radial growth, whereas opposite results were noted in the wettest spring months oaks that growing in wetter stands. Unlike oaks from drier and wetter stands that exhibited strong response to SM, those growing on moderately wet (optimal) stands are less sensitive to SM, making these stands optimal oak surroundings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, by applying a Generalized Additive Mixed Model (GAMM), we noted moderate&amp;#8722;weak interactions between TRW series and smoothed SM timescales, with stronger deviations in extreme dry/wet years. Based on the TRW sensitivity to SM findings, which were interpreted via Pearson&amp;#8217;s correlation technique and GAMM modeling, strong relations can be inferred, and SM can be labelled as reliable pedunculate oak driver.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords:&lt;/strong&gt; Forestry, Remote sensing, Dendrochronology, Soil moisture, Pedunculate oak, GAMM&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acknowledgments:&lt;/strong&gt; This research was supported by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia, PROMIS, #6066697, TreeVita.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; This contribution is a summary of a study by Kosti&amp;#263; S, Wagner W, Orlovi&amp;#263; S, Levani&amp;#269; T, Zlatanov T, Gor&amp;#353;i&amp;#263; E, Kesi&amp;#263; L, Matovi&amp;#263; B, Tsvetanov N, Stojanovi&amp;#263; DB. Different tree-ring width sensitivities to satellite-based soil moisture from drier, moderate and wetter pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) stands across a southeastern distribution margin (In press)&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Relationships Between Climatic Variables and Tree-Ring Width of Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.) in Kozara National Park (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Jelena Subotić ◽  
Vojislav Dukić ◽  
Tatjana Popov ◽  
Goran Trbić ◽  
Zoran Maunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Tree Ring Width

Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) is the most common conifer species in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper describes the development of a silver fir master tree-ring chronology from Kozara National Park and analyzes the influence of the climate conditions on tree-ring widths. The knowledge concerning the effect of climate on cambium activity and, as a result, on tree growth is of great importance for silviculture, which is particularly complex in terms of deterioration of health condition. Four sites were selected for sampling at Kozara National Park. At each sampling site, 15 dominant trees were drilled with Pressler’s increment borer at breast height. The development of chronology included three steps: i) cross-dating of a series of tree-ring width and checking of their quality using the COFECHA program, ii) data standardization in the ARSTAN program, and iii) master chronology development. Correlation analysis was performed in order to determine the links between tree-ring width and climate (primarily temperature and precipitation). In the 88-year-long master chronology, pointer years analysis identified five positive and nine negative years. Correlation analysis revealed that precipitation had stronger and more significant impact on silver fir radial growth, particularly at the beginning of the growing season, in April and May (r=0.175 and r=0.318, respectively), and in the crucial July−September period (r in the range of 0.143−0.222). The highest negative correlation coefficient with temperature was determined for September of the previous year (r=-0.282) and then for summer months (July and August) of the current year (r=-0.184 and r=-0.272, respectively). In addition, statistically significant correlation between radial growth and the Forestry Aridity Index was determined (r=-0.390). The results of tree-ring width climate analysis obtained in this study are in accordance with other studies carried out in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in the surrounding area.

scholarly journals Influence of climatic conditions and air pollution on radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Szczecin’s city forests

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Anna Cedro ◽  
Bernard Cedro
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Chemical Factory

Abstract The aim of the present work was to characterize the growth – climate relationship of pines growing in the Szczecin city forests in intensively used recreational areas and to identify the effect of air pollutants emitted by a nearby chemical factory on tree-ring width. Our research area was located in the Głębokie forest complex, which is one of the most frequently visited. The chemical factory Police that produces fertilizers is located at a distance 11 km away from the study plot. The largest emissions of pollutants from the factory in terms of volume occurred in the 1980s and early 1990s. Wood samples were collected from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) with the Pressler borer from 30 trees and examined using standard dendrochronological methodology. The result was a local chronology of 169 years from 1848–2016. Dendroclimatological analyses indicated that the weather conditions at the turn from winter to spring are the dominant factors influencing radial growth. For example, higher than average temperatures in February, March and April result in a wide tree-ring in the upcoming growth season. Following Nowacki and Abram’s method, we also determined the relative growth change in order to delimit the timeframe when air pollution potentially alters tree-ring width. Due to the lack of data for the period 1848–1945, the increasing and decreasing relative growth could not be linked to specific events. For the period 1944–1972 however, we observed and increase in the tree-ring width, which in this case can be attributed to favorable weather conditions. The final period, 1973–1991, on the other hand showed the strongest decline in annual growth throughout our chronology and this was largely due to the nearby chemical factories, which released huge amounts of pollution into the atmosphere during this period. At present, despite new technologies and a decrease in overall production by the nearby chemical factory, we found a negative trend in ring width dynamics indicating a need for pollutant monitoring and further research.

scholarly journals Quantifying climatic influences on tree-ring width

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangqi Li ◽  
Sandy P. Harrison ◽  
I. Colin Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
P Values ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects

Abstract. Before tree-ring series can be used to quantify climatic influences on growth, ontogenetic and microenvironmental effects must be removed. Existing statistical detrending methods struggle to eliminate bias, caused by the fact that older/larger trees are nearly always more abundantly sampled during the most recent decades – which happens also to have seen the strongest environmental changes. Here we develop a new approach to derive a productivity index (P*) from tree-ring series. The critical stem diameter, when an initial rapid increase in stem radial growth gives way to a gradual decrease, is estimated using a theoretical approximation; previous growth rings are removed from analysis. The subsequent dynamics of stem radial growth are assumed to be determined by: tree diameter and height; P* (gross primary production per unit leaf area, discounted by a "tax" due to the respiration and turnover of leaves and fine roots); and a quantity proportional to sapwood specific respiration (r1). The term r1 depends not only on the growth rate but also on tree height, because a given leaf area requires a greater volume of living sapwood to be maintained in taller trees. Height-diameter relationships were estimated from independent observations. P* values were then estimated from tree ring-width measurements on multiple trees, using a non-linear mixed-effects model in which the random effect of individual tree identity accounts for the impact of local environmental variability, due to soil or hydrological conditions, and canopy position (i.e. shading and competition). Year-by-year P* at a site should then represent the influence of year-by-year changes in environment, independently of the growth trend in individual trees. This approach was applied to tree-ring records from two genera (Picea and Pinus) at 492 sites across the Northern Hemisphere extratropics. Using a multiple linear mixed-effects regression with site as a random effect, it was found that estimated annual P* values for both genera show consistent, temporally stable positive responses of P* to total photosynthetically photon flux density during the growing season (PPFD5) and soil moisture availability (indexed by an estimate of the ratio of actual to potential evapotranspiration). The partial effect of mean temperature during the growing season (mGGD5) however was shown to follow a unimodal curve, being positive in climates with mGGD5

scholarly journals Bottomland hardwood forest growth and stress response to hydroclimatic variation: evidence from dendrochronology and tree ring Δ<sup>13</sup>C values

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 5639-5653
Author(s):  
Ajinkya G. Deshpande ◽  
Thomas W. Boutton ◽  
Ayumi Hyodo ◽  
Charles W. Lafon ◽  
Georgianne W. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Bottomland Hardwood ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Δ13c Values ◽  
Hydrological Conditions ◽  
Wetland Forests ◽  
Hydroclimatic Variation

Abstract. Wetland forests around the world have been reduced to a small proportion of their original expanse due to changing climatic conditions and intensification of human land use activities. As a case in point, the Columbia bottomland hardwood forests along the Brazos–Colorado coastal basin on the Gulf coast of Texas are currently threatened by an increasingly erratic hydroclimate in the form of both extreme floods and droughts and by urban expansion. In this study, we use dendrochronology and tree ring carbon isotopes to understand the effect of changing hydroclimatic conditions on the functional attributes of these forests. We examined the tree rings of Quercus nigra at four sites within the Columbia bottomlands, of which one site experiences frequent and prolonged flooding, while the other three are less flood prone. The objectives of this study were to (i) understand the impact of hydroclimatic variation on radial growth, using tree ring width analysis, (ii) assess the magnitude of physiological stress inflicted by extreme hydroclimatic conditions, using tree ring Δ13C measurements as a proxy, and (iii) evaluate the relationship between tree ring width and Δ13C values. Radial growth across the landscape was influenced most strongly by the midgrowing season climate, while the early growing season climate had the strongest effect on Δ13C. Growth inhibition was minimal, and tree ring Δ13C values were not affected in trees at the wetter site under extreme hydrological conditions such as droughts or floods. In addition, trees at the wet site were less sensitive to precipitation and showed no response to higher temperatures. In contrast, trees at the three drier sites experienced growth inhibition and had lower tree ring Δ13C values during dry periods. Our results indicate more favorable growing conditions and lower stress in trees growing under wetter hydrological conditions. Management and conservation strategies dependent on site-specific conditions are critical for the health of these wetland forests under a rapidly changing hydroclimate. This study provides the first dendrochronological baseline for this region and a better understanding of favorable conditions for the growth and health of these forests, which can assist in management decisions such as streamflow regulation and conservation plans.

scholarly journals A model analysis of climate and CO<sub>2</sub> controls on tree growth in a semi-arid woodland

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 4769-4800
Author(s):  
G. Li ◽  
S. P. Harrison ◽  
I. C. Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. We used a light-use efficiency model of photosynthesis coupled with a dynamic carbon allocation and tree-growth model to simulate annual growth of the gymnosperm Callitris columellaris in the semi-arid Great Western Woodlands, Western Australia, over the past 100 years. Parameter values were derived from independent observations except for sapwood specific respiration rate, fine-root turnover time, fine-root specific respiration rate and the ratio of fine-root mass to foliage area, which were estimated by Bayesian optimization. The model reproduced the general pattern of interannual variability in radial growth (tree-ring width), including the response to the shift in precipitation regimes that occurred in the 1960s. Simulated and observed responses to climate were consistent. Both showed a significant positive response of tree-ring width to total photosynthetically active radiation received and to the ratio of modeled actual to equilibrium evapotranspiration, and a significant negative response to vapour pressure deficit. However, the simulations showed an enhancement of radial growth in response to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration (ppm) ([CO2]) during recent decades that is not present in the observations. The discrepancy disappeared when the model was recalibrated on successive 30-year windows. Then the ratio of fine-root mass to foliage area increases by 14% (from 0.127 to 0.144 kg C m-2) as [CO2] increased while the other three estimated parameters remained constant. The absence of a signal of increasing [CO2] has been noted in many tree-ring records, despite the enhancement of photosynthetic rates and water-use efficiency resulting from increasing [CO2]. Our simulations suggest that this behaviour could be explained as a consequence of a shift towards below-ground carbon allocation.

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