scholarly journals CYTOGENETICAL RELATIONSHIPS OF TWO TYPES OF TRITICUM ARARATICUM JAKUBZ. TO OTHER TETRAPLOID WHEAT SPECIES

1972 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASATAKE TANAKA ◽  
SADAO ICHIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Triticum Araraticum

scholarly journals The Independent Domestication of Timopheev’s Wheat: Insights from Haplotype Analysis of the Brittle rachis 1 (BTR1-A) Gene

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Moran Nave ◽  
Mihriban Taş ◽  
John Raupp ◽  
Vijay K. Tiwari ◽  
Hakan Ozkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Region ◽  
Haplotype Analysis ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Brittle Rachis ◽  
Gene Level ◽  
Large Panel

Triticum turgidum and T. timopheevii are two tetraploid wheat species sharing T. urartu as a common ancestor, and domesticated accessions from both of these allopolyploids exhibit nonbrittle rachis (i.e., nonshattering spikes). We previously described the loss-of-function mutations in the Brittle Rachis 1 genes BTR1-A and BTR1-B in the A and B subgenomes, respectively, that are responsible for this most visible domestication trait in T. turgidum. Resequencing of a large panel of wild and domesticated T. turgidum accessions subsequently led to the identification of the two progenitor haplotypes of the btr1-A and btr1-B domesticated alleles. Here, we extended the haplotype analysis to other T. turgidum subspecies and to the BTR1 homologues in the related T. timopheevii species. Our results showed that all the domesticated wheat subspecies within T. turgidum share common BTR1-A and BTR1-B haplotypes, confirming their common origin. In T. timopheevii, however, we identified a novel loss-of-function btr1-A allele underlying a partially brittle spike phenotype. This novel recessive allele appeared fixed within the pool of domesticated Timopheev’s wheat but was also carried by one wild timopheevii accession exhibiting partial brittleness. The promoter region for BTR1-B could not be amplified in any T. timopheevii accessions with any T. turgidum primer combination, exemplifying the gene-level distance between the two species. Altogether, our results support the concept of independent domestication processes for the two polyploid, wheat-related species.

Patterns of resistance to three cereal aphids among wheats in the genus Triticum (Poaceae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Migui ◽  
R.J. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Triticum Boeoticum ◽  
Overall Resistance ◽  
Triticum Araraticum

AbstractForty-one accessions of wild and cultivated wheats belonging to 19 Triticum species were tested in the field for resistance to three species of aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus, Sitobion avenae Fabricius and Schizaphis graminum Rondani. Antibiotic resistance was estimated by the increase in biomass of aphids over 21 days on adult plants. Overall resistance was estimated by the plant biomass lost due to aphid infestation. All three species of aphids survived and reproduced on all wheats, and reduced spike biomass compared to uninfested controls. The level of antibiosis varied among wheat species and among accessions, with accessions from three, five and one species showing antibiosis to R. padi, S. avenae and S. graminum, respectively. Overall resistance to the three aphid species was observed in five to seven accessions per aphid species. Resistance was usually specific to one aphid species. The frequency of accessions with antibiosis or overall resistance was associated with the ploidy level of the plant species. Except for overall resistance to R. padi, resistance was highest for diploid species and lowest for hexaploid species. No consistent relationship between resistance and level of domestication was detected. Accessions of the wild wheats, Triticum boeoticum Bois, Triticum tauschii (Coss.) Schmal. and Triticum araraticum Jakubz. exhibited high levels of resistance to aphids, as did Triticum monococcum L. which is derived from T. boeoticum. Nevertheless, individual susceptible or resistant accessions occurred at all levels within the evolutionary tree of wheat.

Tetraploid wheat species Triticum timopheevii and Triticum militinae in common wheat improvement

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Järve ◽  
I. Jakobson ◽  
T. Enno
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Triticum Timopheevii ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Major Genes ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Unknown Species

Timopheevii wheats are discussed as donors for improving the disease resistance of common wheat. Attention is paid to the comparison of the morphological and chromosomal characteristics of Triticum timopheevii and T. militinae, their crossability with T. aestivum and their response to fungal diseases. The possible origin of T. militinae from an introgressive hybridization between T. timopheevii and an unknown species is discussed. Major genes for resistance to various fungal diseases, transferred to common wheat from T. timopheevii, are listed.

scholarly journals Analysis of gliadin patterns and diversity in Triticum polonicum L. accessions from Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eleni SHIFERAW
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Triticum Polonicum ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Gliadin Patterns

<p>Gliadins from 25 accessions represented by 350 individual seed samples were analysed by acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) with the objective of identifying gliadin band patterns and examine the extent of diversity in <em>Triticum polonicum </em>L. collections from Ethiopia. Seventy polymorphic bands and 68 different patterns were identified. Eighteen different mobility bands and 16 patterns were identified in <em>ω</em>-gliadin region, 22 bands and 20 patterns in <em>γ-</em>gliadin region, 12 bands and 22 patterns in <em>β-</em>gliadin region and 18 bands and 10 patterns in <em>α</em>-gliadin region. The average genetic diversity calculated from the data of the four gliadin zones of the analysed samples was 0.15. The γ region have the highest diversity (H = 0.193), followed by ω regions (H = 0.177) and β region (H = 0.168) and the lowest diversity was observed in α region (H = 0.127). Cluster analysis based on genetic distances resulted in grouping of the analysed accessions in to seven main groups. Though the level of diversity was relatively lower than other tetraploid wheat species from Ethiopia, the findings are indicative of the existence of variation in the collections which can be exploited for wheat improvement.</p>

scholarly journals Features of chromosome behavior in meiosis in the common wheat lines containing genetic material of tetraploid wheat species

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol’ga Aleksandrovna Orlovskaya ◽  
Irina Nikolaevna Leonova ◽  
Elena Artemovna Salina ◽  
Lyubov’ Vladimirovna Khotyleva
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Chromosome Behavior ◽  
The Common ◽  
Wheat Lines

scholarly journals VRN1 genes variability in tetraploid wheat species with a spring growth habit

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Konopatskaia ◽  
Valeriya Vavilova ◽  
Elena Ya. Kondratenko ◽  
Alexandr Blinov ◽  
Nikolay P. Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Spring Growth Habit

scholarly journals Tetraploid Wheats: Valuable Source of Phytosterols and Phytostanols

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Othmane Merah ◽  
Zephirin Mouloungui
Keyword(s):  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tetraploid Species ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Year Effect ◽  
Flame Ionisation Detector ◽  
Ionisation Detector

Phytosterols are known as healthy compounds obtained mainly from oilseed crops. Cereals were also studied for their sterols content. Few insights have been devoted to other tetraploid species than emmer and durum wheats. This work examined phytosterol and phytostanol content in seed of six tetraploid wheat species cultivated during two successive years under rainfed organic conditions in Auch (near Toulouse, France). Sterols (free and esterified sterols) were measured by gas-chromatography-flame ionisation detector. Mean value of sterols + stanols content was 99.5 mg 100 g−1 DW. The main sterol was β-sitosterol. Results showed a year effect on sterol content, whatever the wheat species. This could be explained by the differences in climatic conditions prevailing during plant cycle and grain filling. A large variability for sterols content was found between species and within each species. Emmer wheat revealed the lowest values for all sterols and stanols. Higher values of sterols were obtained in durum wheat. This work is the first report studying T. carthlicum, T. polonicum, T. turgidum, T. timopheevi. These species exhibited intermediate values of sterol contents between emmer and durum wheats. Wheat tetraploid species showed interesting levels of sterols and could serve as a great source of these healthy compounds mainly in Mediterranean region where they are consumed as wholegrain. Variation in climatic conditions could help to manage the level of these secondary metabolites.

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