scholarly journals The contribution of industrial minerals to solving environmental issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Jose P. Calvo ◽  
Mari Luz Garcia-Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Iron Hydroxides ◽  
Industrial Minerals ◽  
Se Spain ◽  
Cultural Heritage Conservation ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
The Impact

Mitigation of environmental issues and decontamination of land by using a variety of industrial minerals mainly immobilizes contaminants in solution, whether in polluted water or contaminated soils and sediments. That is because a variety of minerals, in particular carbonates, clays and zeolites, have a significant capacity to ad/absorb harmful ions and to react to form precipitates. Phosphates, iron hydroxides, some silica minerals and lime-derived products can also be used to solve environmental issues. This paper focuses on the amendment of soils and sediments affected by the impact of mining or by waste landfills, with some reference to the use of minerals in cultural heritage conservation. An example of actions leading to the amelioration of contaminated land is provided after describing some current pilot experiences  on highly polluted wastes derived from mining in SE Spain.

scholarly journals MODALITIES OF VALORISATION AND PROMOTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE THROUGH ICT: ADDING NEW MILESTONES TO THE “STANDARD” PRACTICE

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 745-752
Author(s):  
C. Tommasi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Standard Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Heritage Conservation ◽  
Digital Competencies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
3D Digital Models

Abstract. Nowadays, in the academic field, it is growing the demand for digital competencies bounded to advanced communication strategies. More and more national and international project required to the scientific community to be increasingly open to new targets of public, even not expert one. The focus point is that the research must be accessed not only by professionals, but it has to engage a broader public, starting from local communities to the public of the web. This statement is testified by the European funds calls that ask for communication activities and strategies, along with dissemination and exploitation. Why these three activities are so important? Because they are strictly related to the impact that a project can have, not only for the academic world, but also for the outside. This trend is growing fast in each scientific field: also in Cultural Heritage conservation, where it is more and more common the uses of 3D digital models not only for maintenance purposes, but also as a bridge between the heritage and non-expert publics. The question is how advanced digital techniques can help the process of valorisation of Cultural Heritage at different stages? The article wants to look for a standard practice to promote and enhance Cultural Heritage using digital technologies. Through the analysis of a series of case studies, it wants to show how to build a valorisation strategy, considering all the components of CH, and how it can be implemented adding new disciplines and skills (communication and promotion), enhancing users’ access and interaction.

scholarly journals The Sensitive Perception of Cultural Heritage’s Materiality through Digital Technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Clément Serain
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Spatial Perception ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Conservation Science ◽  
Cultural Heritage Conservation ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on the impact of digital technologies in the field of cultural heritage conservation and restoration (i.e., Conservation Science). It arises from thesis research I am currently preparing at Paris 8 University, in France. Having observed a renewal of our relationship to cultural heritage through information and communication technologies, I aim to explain how these technologies affect our sensitive perception and consequently our understanding of the materiality of virtually represented objects. In the double context of the museum institution and the conservation-restoration field, whose mission is not simply to transmit objects but also to transmit knowledge about the materiality of these objects, we will try to understand more precisely the effect of these digital technologies on sensory and temporal-spatial perception of objects important to cultural heritage.

scholarly journals Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles for Soil and Groundwater Remediation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5817
Author(s):  
Alazne Galdames ◽  
Leire Ruiz-Rubio ◽  
Maider Orueta ◽  
Miguel Sánchez-Arzalluz ◽  
José Luis Vilas-Vilela
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
High Effectiveness ◽  
Nanosized Materials ◽  
Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles

Zero-valent iron has been reported as a successful remediation agent for environmental issues, being extensively used in soil and groundwater remediation. The use of zero-valent nanoparticles have been arisen as a highly effective method due to the high specific surface area of zero-valent nanoparticles. Then, the development of nanosized materials in general, and the improvement of the properties of the nano-iron in particular, has facilitated their application in remediation technologies. As the result, highly efficient and versatile nanomaterials have been obtained. Among the possible nanoparticle systems, the reactivity and availability of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (NZVI) have achieved very interesting and promising results make them particularly attractive for the remediation of subsurface contaminants. In fact, a large number of laboratory and pilot studies have reported the high effectiveness of these NZVI-based technologies for the remediation of groundwater and contaminated soils. Although the results are often based on a limited contaminant target, there is a large gap between the amount of contaminants tested with NZVI at the laboratory level and those remediated at the pilot and field level. In this review, the main zero-valent iron nanoparticles and their remediation capacity are summarized, in addition to the pilot and land scale studies reported until date for each kind of nanomaterials.

Two Han tombs at Tushantun Cemetery in Qingdao, Shandong

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-121
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Han Dynasty ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Vertical Shaft ◽  
Cultural Heritage Conservation ◽  
Qingdao City ◽  
Eastern Han ◽  
Physical Materials ◽  
Grave Goods

Abstract In April and May 2011, Qingdao Municipal Institute of Cultural Heritage Conservation and Archaeology and Huangdao District Museum excavated the Tushantun Cemetery located in Huangdao District, Qingdao City. The excavation cleared three mounds and recovered seven tombs beneath them. Of these seven tombs, M6 and M8 are vertical shaft stone pit tombs with brick-timber coffin chambers and ramp passages, the burial receptacles of which are nested double-coffin and double-coffin chamber, and the grave goods unearthed from which include bronzes, jades, lacquered wares, pottery and porcelain wares and implements made of bone and horn (turtle scute). The types and styles of the tombs and grave goods all show that the dates of these two tombs are the late Western Han to the early Eastern Han Dynasty. The excavation of these tombs provided important physical materials for the studies on the burial system, geography and material culture in the coastal area of southeastern Shandong during the Han Dynasty.

scholarly journals Remediation of mercury-contaminated soils and sediments using biochar: a critical review

Biochar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Yang ◽  
Yongjie Wang ◽  
Huan Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Redox Conditions ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Biochar Amendment

AbstractThe transformation of mercury (Hg) into the more toxic and bioaccumulative form methylmercury (MeHg) in soils and sediments can lead to the biomagnification of MeHg through the food chain, which poses ecological and health risks. In the last decade, biochar application, an in situ remediation technique, has been shown to be effective in mitigating the risks from Hg in soils and sediments. However, uncertainties associated with biochar use and its underlying mechanisms remain. Here, we summarize recent studies on the effects and advantages of biochar amendment related to Hg biogeochemistry and its bioavailability in soils and sediments and systematically analyze the progress made in understanding the underlying mechanisms responsible for reductions in Hg bioaccumulation. The existing literature indicates (1) that biochar application decreases the mobility of inorganic Hg in soils and sediments and (2) that biochar can reduce the bioavailability of MeHg and its accumulation in crops but has a complex effect on net MeHg production. In this review, two main mechanisms, a direct mechanism (e.g., Hg-biochar binding) and an indirect mechanism (e.g., biochar-impacted sulfur cycling and thus Hg-soil binding), that explain the reduction in Hg bioavailability by biochar amendment based on the interactions among biochar, soil and Hg under redox conditions are highlighted. Furthermore, the existing problems with the use of biochar to treat Hg-contaminated soils and sediments, such as the appropriate dose and the long-term effectiveness of biochar, are discussed. Further research involving laboratory tests and field applications is necessary to obtain a mechanistic understanding of the role of biochar in reducing Hg bioavailability in diverse soil types under varying redox conditions and to develop completely green and sustainable biochar-based functional materials for mitigating Hg-related health risks.

scholarly journals Diffuse Water Pollution from Agriculture: A Review of Nature-Based Solutions for Nitrogen Removal and Recovery

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1893
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Mancuso ◽  
Grazia Federica Bencresciuto ◽  
Stevo Lavrnić ◽  
Attilio Toscano
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Agricultural Wastewater ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types

The implementation of nature-based solutions (NBSs) can be a suitable and sustainable approach to coping with environmental issues related to diffuse water pollution from agriculture. NBSs exploit natural mitigation processes that can promote the removal of different contaminants from agricultural wastewater, and they can also enable the recovery of otherwise lost resources (i.e., nutrients). Among these, nitrogen impacts different ecosystems, resulting in serious environmental and human health issues. Recent research activities have investigated the capability of NBS to remove nitrogen from polluted water. However, the regulating mechanisms for nitrogen removal can be complex, since a wide range of decontamination pathways, such as plant uptake, microbial degradation, substrate adsorption and filtration, precipitation, sedimentation, and volatilization, can be involved. Investigating these processes is beneficial for the enhancement of the performance of NBSs. The present study provides a comprehensive review of factors that can influence nitrogen removal in different types of NBSs, and the possible strategies for nitrogen recovery that have been reported in the literature.

A computationally assisted cultural heritage conservation method

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
A. Kioussi ◽  
M. Karoglou ◽  
E. Protopapadakis ◽  
A. Doulamis ◽  
E. Ksinopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Cultural Heritage Conservation ◽  
Conservation Method
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