A review of data sharing statements in observational studies published in the BMJ: A cross-sectional study

In order to understand the current state of data sharing in observational research studies, we reviewed data sharing statements of observational studies published in a general medical journal, the British Medical Journal. We found that the majority (63%) of observational studies published between 2015 and 2017 included a statement that implied that data used in the study could not be shared. If the findings of our exploratory study are confirmed, room for improvement in the sharing of real-world or observational research data exists.

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Adherence to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Statement in Observational Studies Published in Iranian Medical Journals

Iranian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.18502/ijph.v49i8.3896 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Soheila SHAGHAGHIAN ◽

Behrooz ASTANEH

Keyword(s):

Observational Studies ◽

Medical Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Observational Research ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical Journals ◽

Multistage Sampling ◽

Different Characteristics ◽

Strobe Statement

Background: Although much medical knowledge comes from observational research, such studies are more prone to confounding and bias than others. This study was conducted to evaluate the adherence of the observational studies published in Iranian medical journals to the STROBE (strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology) statement. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we selected 150 articles of Iranian medical journals, using multistage sampling from Aug 2016 to Jun 2017. The reported items of the STROBE statement in the articles was determined and considered as the adherence of the articles to the statement. The adherence of the articles with different characteristics was compared. Results: The adherence of the articles to the statement varied from 24% to 68% with a mean score of 48%±9%. The lowest mean scores were found in the Result (36%) and Method (49%) sections. The adherence was significantly better in the articles published in the journals indexed in PubMed or Web of Knowledge (ISI) databases (P<0.001) and those written by cooperation of the authors from other countries (P=0.044). Conclusion: The evaluated articles in our study had not adequately reported the items recommended by the STROBE statement. This indicates deficiency in key elements for readers to assess the validity and applicability of a study.

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Assessing the completeness of reporting of observational studies in Colombian Journal of Anesthesiology. Cross sectional study

Colombian Journal of Anesthesiology ◽

10.1016/j.rcae.2016.11.017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 31-38

Author(s):

Mary Bravo-Peña ◽

Luis Barona-Fong ◽

Julio Campo-López ◽

Yeni Arroyave ◽

José Andrés Calvache

Keyword(s):

Observational Studies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Completeness Of Reporting

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An Exploratory Study on Risk Factors of Malnutrition in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study based on Slummy Areas of Lahore

Journal of Biometrics & Biostatistics ◽

10.4172/scientificreports.421 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 01 (09) ◽

Author(s):

Ifrah MH

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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The role of social capital and community belongingness for exercise adherence: An exploratory study of the CrossFit gym model

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105316664132 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (12) ◽

pp. 1545-1556 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jessica Whiteman-Sandland ◽

Jemma Hawkins ◽

Debbie Clayton

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Sense Of Community ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Independent Predictor ◽

Exercise Adherence ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exercise Programmes

This is the first study to measure the ‘sense of community’ reportedly offered by the CrossFit gym model. A cross-sectional study adapted Social Capital and General Belongingness scales to compare perceptions of a CrossFit gym and a traditional gym. CrossFit gym members reported significantly higher levels of social capital (both bridging and bonding) and community belongingness compared with traditional gym members. However, regression analysis showed neither social capital, community belongingness, nor gym type was an independent predictor of gym attendance. Exercise and health professionals may benefit from evaluating further the ‘sense of community’ offered by gym-based exercise programmes.

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Recommendations for Designing, Conducting and Reporting Observational Studies in Homeopathy

Homeopathy ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1708045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 109 (03) ◽

pp. 114-125

Author(s):

Michael Teut ◽

Harald Walach ◽

Roja Varanasi ◽

Raj K. Manchanda ◽

Praveen Oberai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

External Validity ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Internal Validity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Research Field ◽

Observational Research ◽

Special Focus ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Strobe Statement

Abstract Background Randomized placebo-controlled trials are considered to be the gold standard in clinical research and have the highest importance in the hierarchical system of evidence-based medicine. However, from the viewpoint of decision makers, due to lower external validity, practical results of efficacy research are often not in line with the huge investments made over decades. Method We conducted a narrative review. With a special focus on homeopathy, we give an overview on cohort, comparative cohort, case-control and cross-sectional study designs and explain guidelines and tools that help to improve the quality of observational studies, such as the STROBE Statement, RECORD, GRACE and ENCePP Guide. Results Within the conventional medical research field, two types of arguments have been employed in favor of observational studies. First, observational studies allow for a more generalizable and robust estimation of effects in clinical practice, and if cohorts are large enough, there is no over-estimation of effect sizes, as is often feared. We argue that observational research is needed to balance the current over-emphasis on internal validity at the expense of external validity. Thus, observational research can be considered an important research tool to describe “real-world” care settings and can assist with the design and inform the results of randomised controlled trails. Conclusions We present recommendations for designing, conducting and reporting observational studies in homeopathy and provide recommendations to complement the STROBE Statement for homeopathic observational studies.

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The current state of active third stage management to prevent postpartum hemorrhage: a cross-sectional study

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/aogs.12238 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 92 (11) ◽

pp. 1277-1283 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Babette W. Prick ◽

Amber A. Vos ◽

Wim C.J. Hop ◽

Henk A. Bremer ◽

Eric A.P. Steegers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Stage Management ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current State ◽

Third Stage

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HUBUNGAN ASUPAN ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3 DAN OMEGA-6 DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH WANITA USIA 30 – 50 TAHUN

Journal of Nutrition College ◽

10.14710/jnc.v6i4.18668 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 313

Author(s):

Mega Lucyta Sari ◽

Enny Probosari ◽

Hartanti Sandi Wijayanti

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Observational Research ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Omega 6

Background: Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Decreased intake of omega-3 and increased intake of omega-6 can increase the risk of hypertension. Hypertension cases in Indonesia are highest in women especially aged 30 - 50 years. This study aimed to determine correlation of omega-3 and omega-6 intake with blood pressure in women aged 30-50 years.Method : This was an observational research with cross-sectional study design. Fifty four subjects were selecting using consecutive sampling. Intakes were assessed by food recall 2x24 hours. Blood pressure levels were measured by Sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed by Chi Square and Fisher Exact.Result : Systolic and diastolic blood pressure mean were 115.92 ± 14.5 mmHg and 75 ± 7.45 mmHg, while omega-3 and omega-6 mean were of 3. 1.03 ± 0.52 g and 14.17 ± 5 , 8 g. More than one third of the subjects (37.9%) with pre-hypertension/hypertension had omega-3 intake less than 1.1 g and 52.7% of them had omega-6 intake less than 12 g.There was correlation of omega-6 intake with systolic blood pressure (p <0.05) but there were no correlation between omega-3 intake with systolic blood pressure, omega-3 and omega-6 intake with diastolic blood pressure (p >0,05). Conclusion: There was correlation of omega-6 intake with systolic blood pressure, there were no correlation between omega-3 intake with systolic blood pressure, omega-3 and omega-6 intake with diastolic blood pressure

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HUBUNGAN LAMANYA PEMBERIAN MAGNESIUM SULFATE PADA PASIEN PEB DAN EKLAMPSIA DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERMAGNESIUM DI RSUP DR. M. DJAMIL PADANG

JOURNAL OBGIN EMAS ◽

10.25077/aoj.2.1.21-25.2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 21-25

Author(s):

Mayuliani Mayuliani ◽

Dovy Djanas

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Magnesium Sulfate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Research Data ◽

Severe Preeclampsia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

Objective :To find out the relationship between the duration of MgS04 administration in severe preeclampsia patients and eclampsia with the incidence of hypermagnesium.Method :This study is a comparative observational study using a cross sectional study design. The study was conducted in the medical record of Dr.M.Djamil Padang Hospital during the period January 1, 2016 to August 31, 2017 of pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia, found 30 study subjects who met the inclusion criteria. Furthermore, data is recorded in a research form that has been provided, then carried out research data processing. Statistical analysis to assess significance using the chi-square test.Results : Magnesium levels increased in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia by 21 correspondents. Increased Magnesium levels in patients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia who received MgS04 treatment for 48 hours by 16 correspondents (84.2%) and 5 correspondents with MgS04 administration for 24 hours.Conclusion : There is a significant relationship between the duration of Magnesium Sulfate with the incidence of hyperpermagnesium in patients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. Keywords: severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, magnesium sulfate, magnesium levels

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Selecting Risk of Bias Tools for Observational Studies for a Systematic Review of Anthropometric Measurements and Dental Caries among Children

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18168623 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 8623

Author(s):

Rokiah Mamikutty ◽

Ameera Syafiqah Aly ◽

Jamaludin Marhazlinda

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Kappa Score ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages

In conducting a systematic review, assessing the risk of bias of the included studies is a vital step; thus, choosing the most pertinent risk of bias (ROB) tools is crucial. This paper determined the most appropriate ROB tools for assessing observational studies in a systematic review assessing the association between anthropometric measurements and dental caries among children. First, we determined the ROB tools used in previous reviews on a similar topic. Subsequently, we reviewed articles on ROB tools to identify the most recommended ROB tools for observational studies. Of the twelve ROB tools identified from the previous steps, three ROB tools that best fit the eight criteria of a good ROB tool were the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort and case-control studies, and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) for a cross-sectional study. We further assessed the inter-rater reliability for all three tools by analysing the percentage agreement, inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and kappa score. The overall percentage agreements and reliability scores of these tools ranged from good to excellent. Two ROB tools for the cross-sectional study were further evaluated qualitatively against nine of a tool’s advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the AHRQ and NOS were selected as the most appropriate ROB tool to assess cross-sectional and cohort studies in the present review.

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