scholarly journals Case Report: Medicolegal evaluation in a case of fatal scald where a child fell into a cauldron in rural Nepal

F1000Research ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Alok Atreya ◽  
Lokaratna Gyawali ◽  
Ritesh G Menezes ◽  
Navneet Ateriya ◽  
Jamuna Shreshtha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Social Concern ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Thermal Injuries ◽  
Rural Nepal ◽  
Serious Injuries

Thermal injuries in young children involving the buttocks, perineum, and lower limbs raise suspicion of child abuse. Determining the manner of death and ruling out homicide in a fatal case of scalding remains a challenge for forensic practitioners. One such issue is reported in the present case report, where a medicolegal evaluation of a fatal scald in a two-year-old girl child is discussed. Young children sustaining serious injuries from scalds is a grave social concern. Such young lives need to be protected from scald injuries whether accidental or purposeful. Differences in injury patterns on the basis of their distribution and their characteristics are important to determine manner of death in such cases.

Subacute-Onset Afferent Ataxia in Childhood: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Vanessa Cecchin ◽  
Serena Pellegrin ◽  
Lucio Parmeggiani ◽  
Lydia Pescollderungg ◽  
Federico Mercolini
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Symptom ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infection ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Progressive Ataxia ◽  
Guillain Barré

AbstractAcute or subacute ataxia in young children is rare and, in most cases, the diagnosis of the underlying etiology can be challenging. An extensive number of possible causes must be considered when approaching a child with ataxia. We report the case of a 21-month-old girl with subacute-onset rapidly progressive ataxia, occurring few days after a gastrointestinal infection, without clear reduction of muscle strength in the limbs or other neurological signs. The development of a mild hyporeflexia of the lower limbs, thereafter, led to the suspicion of a Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) that was confirmed by appropriate investigations. This case confirms that a subacute afferent ataxia can be the main clinical symptom of GBS in young children, in whom this disease is rare and the diagnosis more challenging. Attention must be paid to the presence of other neurological signs that can lead to the diagnosis.

scholarly journals The use of NPWT in combination with silver dressing in diabetic foot syndrome – case report

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Andrzej Walczak ◽  
Rajmund Jaguścik ◽  
Karolina Ptasińska ◽  
Leokadia Kozaczek ◽  
Piotr Wojciech Trzeciak
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Diabetic Foot Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Wound Therapy ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Patients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of angiopathy, neuropathy and infection compared with healthy individuals and that may lead to foot disorders. Treatment is difficult challenging and if it is not successful it often run to lower limbs amputations.We present case report of 63 years old man after amputation of big toe and part of metatarsus due to diabetic foot syndrome, successfully treated with negative pressure wound therapy in combination with silver dressing. The literature regarding this issue was also reviewed.

Congenital Syphilis Simulating Bone Neoplasm in 2-Month Old Infant – Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Eosinophilic Granuloma ◽  
Osteolytic Lesion ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Distal Fibula ◽  
X Ray

Introduction: Congenital Syphilis (CS) occurs through the transplacental transmission of Treponema pallidum in inadequately treated or non-treated pregnant women, and is capable of severe consequences such as miscarriage, preterm birth, congenital disease and/or neonatal death. CS has been showing an increasing incidence worldwide, with an increase of 208% from 2009 to 2015 in Brazil. Case report: 2-month old infant receives care in emergency service due to edema of right lower limb with pain in mobilization. X-ray with osteolytic lesion in distal fibula. Infant was sent to the Pediatrics Oncology clinic. Perinatal data: 7 prenatal appointments, negative serology at 10 and 30 weeks of gestation. End of pregnancy tests were not examined and tests for mother’s hospital admission were not requested. Mother undergone elective cesarean section at 38 weeks without complications. During the pediatric oncologist appointment, patient showed erythematous-squamous lesions in neck and other scar-like lesions in upper body. A new X-ray of lower limbs showed lesions in right fibula with periosteal reaction associated with aggressive osteolytic lesion compromising distal diaphysis, with cortical bone rupture and signs of pathological fracture, suggestive of eosinophilic granuloma. She was hospitalized for a lesion biopsy. Laboratory tests: hematocrit: 23.1 / hemoglobin 7.7 / leukocytes 10,130 (without left deviation) / platelets 638,000 / Negative Cytomegalovirus IgG and IgM and Toxoplasmosis IgG and IgM / VDRL 1:128. Congenital syphilis diagnosis with skin lesions, bone alterations and anemia. Lumbar puncture: glucose 55 / total proteins 26 / VDRL non reagent / 13 leukocytes (8% neutrophils; 84% monomorphonuclear; 8% macrophages) and 160 erythrocytes / negative VDRL and culture. X-ray of other long bones, ophthalmological evaluation and abdominal ultrasound without alterations. Patient was hospitalized for 14 days for treatment with Ceftriaxone 100mg/kg/day, due to the lack of Crystalline Penicillin in the hospital. She is now under outpatient follow-up. Discussion: CS is responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. The ongoing increase of cases of this pathology reflects a severe health issue and indicates failures in policies for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, with inadequate follow-up of prenatal and maternity protocols.

Use of diluted insulin in the management of very young children with type 1 diabetes: case report and literature review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Emile J Hendriks ◽  
Ross L Ewen ◽  
Yoke Sin Hoh ◽  
Nazia Bhatti ◽  
Rachel M Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Diabetes Case ◽  
Very Young Children

scholarly journals Duplication in the formation of median nerve - a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 043-045
Author(s):  
Gyata Mehta ◽  
Varsha Mokhasi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Lateral Cord ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe median nerve is formed in the axilla by fusion of the two roots from the lateral and medial cords. The present case report describes an anomalous presentation of double formation of median nerve and its relation with axillary and brachial arteries. The median nerve was formed in two stages at different levels, first in the axilla and then in the upper arm by receiving double contribution from the lateral root of the lateral cord, which fuse with the medial root of the medial cord to form the median nerve. The formation took place medial to the axillary artery in the axilla and antero-medial to the brachial artery in the arm. Such anatomical variations and their relation with the arteries are important for the surgeons and anesthesiologists and of great academic interest to the anatomists.

scholarly journals Full Thickness Tear of Quadriceps Tendon Associated with Closed Intra-Articular Distal Femur Fracture: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Santanu Kar ◽  
Hemant Bansal ◽  
Vijay Sharma ◽  
Kamran Farooque
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Femur Fracture ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Quadriceps Tendon ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Distal Femur Fracture ◽  
Rare Association

Fractures of the supracondylar and intercondylar region of the distal femur usually result from high velocity injury that is uncommonly associated with violation of the integrity of the extensor mechanism. The consequences of missed quadriceps injury associated with a distal femur fracture are devastating. The present case report illustrates the importance of recognizing the rare association of quadriceps tear with distal femoral fractures, an appropriate surgical approach to repair the tear as well as fixation of fracture, and a protocol of postoperative rehabilitation to achieve a successful outcome.

scholarly journals “Rust stain”: a rare mark in firearm suicide—a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Tomassini ◽  
Daniele Paolini ◽  
Anna Maria Manta ◽  
Edoardo Bottoni ◽  
Costantino Ciallella
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Medical Examiner ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Porcine Skin ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Firearm Suicide

AbstractRust stains are marks left by firearms in case of prolonged contact with the cutaneous surfaces. These peculiar signs along with other well-documented findings can guide the medical examiner in the determination of the manner of death, especially in case of firearm suicide. This paper presents the case of a 33-year-old male soldier who committed suicide by using a short-barreled weapon, whose trigger remained in contact with the first finger of his right hand, leading to the formation of a rust stain that perfectly reproduced its design. The forensic examination of the scene, the external cadaveric inspection, and the autopsy are described. For the evaluation of the histological findings typical of rust spots, the authors decided to replicate the phenomenon in an experimental setting using porcine skin. In order to provide an exhaustive overview on the formation and the features of rust stains, a review of the forensic literature concerning this rare mark was performed.

scholarly journals New Species of Soldier Fly—Sargus bipunctatus (Scopoli, 1763) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), Recorded from a Human Corpse in Europe—A Case Report

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Marek Michalski ◽  
Piotr Gadawski ◽  
Joanna Klemm ◽  
Krzysztof Szpila
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Human Corpse

The only European Stratiomyidae species known for feeding on human corpses was the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758). Analysis of fauna found on a human corpse, discovered in central Poland, revealed the presence of feeding larvae of another species from this family: the twin-spot centurion fly Sargus bipunctatus (Scopoli, 1763). The investigated corpse was in a stage of advanced decomposition. The larvae were mainly observed in the adipocere formed on the back and lower limbs of the corpse, and in the mixture of litter and lumps of adipocere located under the corpse. Adult specimens and larvae were identified based on morphological characters, and final identification was confirmed using DNA barcoding. Implementing a combination of morphological and molecular methods provided a reliable way for distinguishing the larvae of S. bipunctatus and H. illucens. The potential of S. bipunctatus for practical applications in forensic entomology is currently difficult to assess. Wide and reliable use of S. bipunctatus in the practice of forensic entomology requires further studies of the bionomy of this fly.

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