scholarly journals The Relationship between Crash Severity and Speeding Tickets: Lessons from a Nation-wide Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Murat Anil Mercan
Keyword(s):  
Crash Severity ◽  
Nation Wide Survey ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Exploring the relationship between leadership and followership of Chinese project managers

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 616-647
Author(s):  
Haoran Li ◽  
Zhenzhi Zhao ◽  
Ralf Müller ◽  
Jingting Shao
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Leaders And Followers ◽  
Predicting Behavior ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Nation Wide Survey ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose Followership is the free will recognition of leadership in the commitment toward realization of the collectively adopted organization vision and culture. The purpose of this paper is to identify the relationship between project managers’ leadership and their followership. Most project managers are both leaders and followers at the same time, but research typically investigates only their leadership. This ignores followership as an important aspect in understanding and predicting behavior, and further in the selection of project managers. Design/methodology/approach The method used for this paper is the explanatory in nature and a deductive approach, within which the above research hypothesis is tested through quantitative techniques. Data are collected through a nation-wide survey in China. Data analysis was done through factor analysis, canonical correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Findings The results show that transformational leadership is positively correlated with transformational followership and transactional followership, and that transactional leadership is negatively correlated with transactional followership. Research limitations/implications The paper supports a deeper investigation into leadership and followership theories. A model for both leadership and followership is developed. The findings from this paper will guide organizations to choose the project managers. Originality/value The originality lies in the new way to examine the relationship between leadership and followership. It is the first study on the relationship of project managers. Its value is new insights, which introduced a new perspective to understand leadership and followership.

Impact of Congestion and Traffic Flow on Crash Frequency and Severity: Application of Smartphone-Collected GPS Travel Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 2659 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Stipancic ◽  
Luis Miranda-Moreno ◽  
Nicolas Saunier
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Crash Frequency ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Instrumented Vehicles ◽  
Minor Injuries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Mobility and safety are the two greatest priorities within any transportation system. Ideally, traffic flow enhancement and crash reductions could occur simultaneously, although their relationship is likely complex. The impact of traffic congestion and flow on road safety requires more empirical evidence to determine the direction and magnitude of the relationship. The study of this relationship is an ideal application for instrumented vehicles and surrogate safety measures (SSMs). The purpose of this paper is to correlate quantitative measures of congestion and flow derived from smartphone-collected GPS data with collision frequency and severity at the network scale. GPS travel data were collected in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, and the sample for this study contained data for more than 4,000 drivers and 20,000 trips. The extracted SSMs, the congestion index (CI), average speed ( V), and the coefficient of variation of speed (CVS) were compared with crash data collected over an 11-year period from 2000 to 2010 with the use of Spearman’s correlation coefficient and pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests. The correlations with crash frequency were weak to moderate. CI was shown to be positively correlated with crash frequency, and the relationship to crash severity was found to be nonmonotonous. Higher congestion levels were related to crashes with major injuries, whereas low congestion levels were related to crashes with minor injuries and fatalities. Surprisingly, V was found to be negatively correlated with crash frequency and had no conclusive statistical relationship to crash severity. CVS was positively correlated with crash frequency and statistically related to increased crash severity. Future work will focus on the development of a network screening model that incorporates these SSMs.

scholarly journals Bicycle Rider Behavior and Crash Involvement in Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2378
Author(s):  
Steve O’Hern ◽  
Nora Estgfaeller ◽  
Amanda N. Stephens ◽  
Sergio A. Useche
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Crash Frequency ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Rule Knowledge ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Bicycle Rider ◽  
Crash Likelihood ◽  
The Relationship

This research investigated how behaviours and attitudes of bicycle riders influence crash frequency and severity. The study recruited 1102 Australian bicycle riders for an online survey. The survey comprised questions on demographics, frequency of riding and the number and severity of traffic crashes during the last five years. The survey included the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire and the Cyclist Risk Perception and Regulation Scale. Overall, there were low levels of errors and violations reported by participants indicating that these behaviours were on average never or rarely exhibited while riding a bicycle. Conversely, participants reported high levels of engagement in positive behaviours and reported high levels of traffic rule knowledge and risk perception. Higher rates of violations and errors were associated with increased crash likelihood, while higher rates of positive behaviours were associated with reduced rates of crash involvement in a period of 5 years. The findings highlight the relationship between errors, total crashes and crash severity Further promotion of positive behaviours amongst riders may also help to reduce the risk of crashes.

scholarly journals Psychosocial and Ergonomic Conditions at Work: Influence on the Probability of a Workplace Accident

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. López-García ◽  
S. García-Herrero ◽  
J. M. Gutiérrez ◽  
M. A. Mariscal
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Occupational Accident ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
National Production ◽  
Nation Wide Survey ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conditions Of Work

Today, the economic and social importance of occupational accidents is undeniable worldwide. Hence, research aimed at reducing this type of accident is considered a discipline of great interest for society in general. In this environment, working conditions play a fundamental role in the occurrence of accidents, and from their study, results can be obtained that provide information for decision-making that guarantee optimum conditions for the development of the employees’ tasks. Organizing the conditions of work execution is also a task that constitutes an essential aspect for a firm’s productivity, therefore, affecting their viability and results. In this work, a model is proposed for the study of different groups of working conditions and their influence on the probability of occupational accidents, in accordance with the data provided by the 7th National Survey of Working Conditions (VII NSWC). The survey sampled 8892 workers active in all sectors of national production and is the last nation-wide survey administered in Spain. Bayesian networks (BNs) are used to generate a network that analyzes working conditions in all areas (27 variables have been included in addition to those corresponding to the sector and accident), and then, more specifically, the relationship that is established between ergonomic factors in the workplace, psychosocial factors of the worker, and the probability of an accident. The results are achieved through the network obtained by highlighting some of the proposed variables. The dependencies generated by the chosen variables are analyzed, and subsequently, the probability of accident for each of the productive sectors is determined. It is concluded that the ergonomic risks associated with physical strains in the workplace, together with the lack of job satisfaction on the employer’s behalf, both pose a very significant increase in the probability of being involved in an occupational accident, above the other variables of study.

scholarly journals The impact of parental involvement and education on academic achievement in elementary school

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Miranda Avnet ◽  
David Makara ◽  
Karen H Larwin ◽  
Matthew Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Parental Level ◽  
Nation Wide Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

<p><span>The academic achievement of students in schools is subject to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond the control of the student. Factors such as parental involvement, parental level of education, and disability all influence the academic achievement and learning of students. The study analyzed nation-wide survey data on students in elementary school and investigates the relationship between student achievement and multiple variables. The variables were parental involvement, and the existence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or other disability. Results indicated that students, both ASD and typically developing, have lower parent involvement if they are successful in school.</span></p>

scholarly journals The Severity of Traffic Crashes in Italy: An Explorative Analysis among Different Driving Circumstances

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Eboli ◽  
Carmen Forciniti
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
Safety Distance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

Analyzing traffic accidents is very important due to their direct impact on the social environment. In the literature, many studies focus on the different aspects that influence traffic accidents, such as human, vehicle, road and environment risk factors. In this paper, we propose a methodology for testing the relationship between road, external environment, driver and vehicle characteristics, and certain circumstances that lead to the traffic crashes. Particularly, we elaborate on logistic regression models for evaluating how these different characteristics impact on crash severity, considering the combination of traffic circumstances that caused the crash. In each combination, a vehicle proceeded regularly, whereas the other vehicle did an incorrect maneuver (the vehicle proceeded: with distracted driving; without maintaining the safety distance; with speeding; by maneuvering to join the circulation flow; against the flow). The present work analyzes data related to road crashes which occurred in Italy during 2016 involving two vehicles. The results show that the variables significantly influencing crash severity are different depending on the combinations of circumstances that cause the crash.

Secular Trends in Youth Physical Activity and Parents’ Socioeconomic Status from 1977 to 2005

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Telama ◽  
Lauri Laakso ◽  
Heimo Nupponen ◽  
Arja Rimpelä ◽  
Lasse Pere
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Youth Sport ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Youth Physical Activity ◽  
Nation Wide Survey ◽  
Youth Sport Participation ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between youth physical activity and family socioeconomic status (FSES) over 28 years. As a part of the Finnish Adolescent Health and Lifestyle Survey a random sample of 12-, 15- and 18-year-old boys and girls participated in a nation-wide survey by answering questions every second year, from 1977 to 2005, on, among other things, leisure time physical activity and sport participation. Father’s education represented FSES. The results showed that there were no significant or only small differences between the high and low FSES groups in unorganised physical activity during the study period. Participation in physical activities organized by the school was not associated with FSES. Participation in youth sport organized by sport clubs was strongly associated with FSES in both sexes. The young people in the high FSES groups participated more than those in the low FSES groups. It was concluded that considerable inequality exists in youth sport participation, that this inequality has been growing during the last decade, and that it is bigger among girls than among boys.

Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Recombination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

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