The physiological correlates of adaptive responses by l.h. Garkavi in adolescents and young people with overweight and mild hypertension

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Казидаева ◽  
E. Kazidaeva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young People ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Mild Hypertension ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Overweight And Obesity

Purpose of this research is to study the physiological correlates of adaptive reactions of the organism on leukocyte formula blood using the algorithm of L.H. Garkavi in young patients with mild arterial hypertension and overweight. Materials and methods. The study included the data of comprehensive survey of 56 young men (16-26 years, mean 18.6+/-0.6 years) with mild hypertension, with overweight and obesity (BMI from 25.0 to 34.8 kg/m²). In addition to laboratory studies, multifunctional monitoring of ECG+AD (Incart, SPb) in outpa-tients was carried out for all young men. Results. There are all types of adaptive reaction in the studied group, excepting a “stress reaction”. 8 ado-lescents (14,3%) had a leukocyte distribution corresponding to a “training reaction”, 39,3% young men demon-strated a “reaction of quiet activation”, 25,0% – a “reaction of increased activation” and 21,4% of adolescents had an “over activation”. Average diastolic blood pressure in the “quiet activation” and “over activation” groups a night was higher (62,4±1,8 mm Hg, t=2,0; df=17, P=0,04 and 63,3±2,2 mm Hg, t=2,1; df=15, P=0,04) than in the “training” group (57,3±1,4 mm Hg). Night diastolic blood pressure decline in “training”, “quiet activation” and “increased activation” groups was 22,8%, 20,3% и 21,0% to be due to a tendency to excessive night decrease of diastolic blood pressure («over-dippers»).Young men with reaction of the increased activation had lower spectral power of very low, low and high frequency band in the day-time than in the “training” group. Significant correlations were obtained between systolic blood pressure value a day and night, spectral analysis of heart rate variability results and white blood parameters. Conclusion. The revealed physiological correlates allow to recommend the method of adap-tive reactions by L.H. Garkavi to assess the functional capacity of young people with mild hypertension and overweight.

Obesity does not Impair Ambulatory Cardiovascular and Autonomic Responses Post-exercise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Kolesny Tricot ◽  
Fabiula Isoton Isoton Novelli ◽  
Lucieli Teresa Cambri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Main Effect

AbstractThis study aimed to assess whether obesity and/or maximal exercise can change 24 h cardiac autonomic modulation and blood pressure in young men. Thirty-nine men (n: 20; 21.9±1.8 kg·m−2, and n: 19; 32.9±2.4 kg·m−2) were randomly assigned to perform a control (non-exercise) and an experimental day exercise (after maximal incremental test). Cardiac autonomic modulation was evaluated through frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV). Obesity did not impair the ambulatory HRV (p>0.05), however higher diastolic blood pressure during asleep time (p=0.02; group main effect) was observed. The 24 h and awake heart rate was higher on the experimental day (p<0.05; day main effect), regardless of obesity. Hypotension on the experimental day, compared to control day, was observed (p<0.05). Obesity indicators were significantly correlated with heart rate during asleep time (Rho=0.34 to 0.36) and with ambulatory blood pressure(r/Rho=0.32 to 0.53). Furthermore, the HRV threshold workload was significantly correlated with ambulatory heart rate (r/Rho=− 0.38 to−0.52). Finally, ambulatory HRV in obese young men was preserved; however, diastolic blood pressure was increased during asleep time. Maximal exercise caused heart rate increase and 24h hypotension, with decreased cardiac autonomic modulation in the first hour, regardless of obesity.

scholarly journals INTERRELATION BETWEEN POLYFUNCTIONAL MONITORING DATA IN YOUNG MEN WITH PRE- OR MILD HYPERTENSION WITH DIFFERENT BLOOD PRESSURE DAILY PROFILE

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Kazidaeva ◽  
Yu. L. Venevtseva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Mild Hypertension ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Holter Monitoring ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Functional Features

Objective. To examine the clinical signifi  cance of polyfunctional 24-hour Holter monitoring with simultaneous recording of electrocardiogram, blood pressure (BP) and respiratory efforts by respiratory inductance plethysmography (Incart, Russia) and functional features of young men with prehypertension or mild arterial hypertension with different profi  le of night arterial blood pressure (BP) decline («dippers», «non-dippers», «over-dippers»).Design and methods. We examined 43 adolescents and young men aged 16–26 years (mean age 19,4 ± 0,5 years). All of them underwent echocardiography («Vivid 7», GE); 48,8 % of patients were overweight or obese (body mass index, BMI > 24,9 kg/m2), and BMI was comparable in all groups. Results. Breathing disturbances (apnea/hypopnea episodes) were found in 86 % patients and were positively related with high frequency (HF) spectrum power of heart rate variability (HRV) at night-time and were not related with BMI, BP or type of night BP decline. The analysis of echocardiography revealed that in «non-dippers» (n = 18) left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMMI) was higher (94,3 ± 16,6 g/m2) than in «over-dippers» (n = 15; 77,8 ± 10,3 g/m2, р < 0,001). In daytime «non-dippers» had lower HRV (total power spectrum and power in all three groups) and power spectrum of VLF and LF spectrum at night. The frequency of repolarization instability (transient T-wave inversion) and early repolarization syndrome was higher in «over-dippers» (66,7 %, р < 0,01). Circadian index of HR was also higher (150 %) in «over-dippers». The number of sleep apnea in «non-dippers» and «dippers» was higher (39,7 ± 29,7 and 37,1 ± 18,1 episodes per hour of sleep) than in «over-dippers» (22,3 ± 12,0 episodes per hour of sleep, р < 0,05), but the last group had more hypopneas.Conclusion. Breathing disturbances were a frequent, and, probably, physiological, fi  nding at polyfunctional 24-hour Holter monitoring in young overweight men with pre- or mild hypertension. There is a relationship between LVMMI and nocturnal BP dipping even in young men. Young «non-dippers» demonstrate the same clinical pattern as the older ones. «Over-dipper» type is characterized predominantly by lower HR at night and ECG repolarization abnormalities. 

Pathogenesis of Fixed Dilated Pupil (Urrets-Zavalía Syndrome) after Deep Lamellar Keratoplasty in Keratoconus

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
José RC Reis ◽  
Alberto Diniz-Filho ◽  
Fábio M Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
Deep Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
Anterior Subcapsular Cataract

ABSTRACT Purpose To present a case series of patients that developed Urrets-Zavalia syndrome (UZS) after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) for treating keratoconus and discuss the mechanisms for the syndrome. Materials and methods Retrospective chart analysis of patients who developed UZS after DALK at the Cornea Unit, Hospital São Geraldo, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Results We present a series of 3 patients with features consistent with UZS, after undergoing DALK. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) was noted in the early postoperative period in 2 cases, despite the fact that the other case reported eye pain, headache, and nausea at the night after the surgery with undocumented IOP. Although at different extents, the pupil remained atrophic and dilated in all 3 eyes, and 2 of them developed anterior subcapsular cataract. Conclusion Iris ischemia resulting from occlusion of iris root vessels due to elevated IOP higher than diastolic blood pressure causes UZS. Elevated IOP should be monitored, especially in young patients with low diastolic blood pressure, in order to avoid the occurrence of the syndrome. How to cite this article Reis JRC, Diniz-Filho A, Rocha FM, Torquetti L. Pathogenesis of Fixed Dilated Pupil (Urrets-Zavalía Syndrome) after Deep Lamellar Keratoplasty in Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2016;5(1):32-34.

Treatment of Mild Hypertension

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 305s-306s ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Morgan ◽  
W. Adam ◽  
A. Gillies ◽  
S. Carney
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Mild Hypertension ◽  
Myocardial Infarct ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thiazide Diuretics ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Effect Of Therapy

1. A total of 206 patients, elderly males with hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 95–110 mmHg) were followed for periods varying from 1 to 5 years, 107 patients with diastolic blood pressure <95 mmHg were followed over the same period, and 101 patients with diastolic blood pressure ≥110 mmHg were also followed. 2. The mortality of each group and the effect of therapy for hypertension on mortality has been compared. 3. The incidence of myocardial infarct in the group treated with thiazide diuretics is greater than in the other groups. 4. It would appear unlikely that therapy will improve the prognosis in elderly people with mild hypertension.

Relaxation therapy for hypertensive patients

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (20) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Mild Hypertension ◽  
Relaxation Therapy ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Around 7% of middle-aged adults have mild hypertension - a sustained diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 104mmHg.1 These people are at increased risk, for example of heart attack, stroke and heart failure, and so might benefit from life-long treatment with one or more drugs. But in mild hypertension the risk is relatively low and unwanted effects of drugs may outweigh the benefit from treatment.2

Data from the StEP TWO programme showing the effect on blood pressure and different parameters for obesity in overweight and obese primary school children

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Graf ◽  
Sylvia V. Rost ◽  
Benjamin Koch ◽  
Sandy Heinen ◽  
Gisa Falkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Deviation Score

Obesity in childhood, which is associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, is on the increase. Countermeasures are necessary. In this paper, we present the baseline and final data from the StEP TWO programme, a prospective study to prevent overweight and obesity in primary schools. Methods: We recorded and calculated, from 1689 children, anthropometric data, including analyses of bioelectric impedance, waist and hip circumferences, body mass index and its standard deviation, and the ratio of waist to hip. Blood pressure was measured after 5 minutes at rest. From the three schools involved in a programme of intervention, 121 children were invited to take part, and 40 (33.1 per cent) completed the programme. The effect was compared with 155 overweight and obese children identified at the 4 control schools. Results: 830 (49.5 per cent) boys and 848 girls (50.5 per cent) took part. Their mean age was 8.2 plus or minus 1.3 years, their height was 1.31 plus or minus 0.09 metres, they weighed 30.0 plus or minus 8.2 kilograms, and their mean index of body mass was 17.1 plus or minus 2.9 kilograms per metre squared. Of the children, 7.3 per cent were obese, 10.4 per cent were overweight, 75.7 per cent had normal weights, and 6.6 per cent were underweight. Resting hypertension was observed in 2.3 per cent of the children. Increased blood pressure was associated with a higher body weight, body mass index, standard deviation score for body mass index, and waist and hip circumferences (each p < 0.001), but not with the ratio of waist to hip. Hypertension at rest was also found in 11.0 per cent of obese children, 4.4 per cent of those who were overweight, 1.2 per cent of those with normal weight, and 1.0 per cent of underweight children (p < 0.001). After the intervention, the increase of the body mass index tended to be lower in those in whom we had intervened (p = 0.069), and in these the decrease of the standard deviation score for body mass index was significantly higher (p = 0.028). Systolic blood pressure was reduced by about 10 millimetres of mercury in those in whom we had intervened (p = 0.002), while there were no changes in the control group. Diastolic blood pressure was lowered by 3 millimetres of mercury, but this was not significant. Conclusion: Obese children had the highest values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Increased levels of blood pressure are associated with other parameters of obesity, such as the circumference of the waist and hip. Early preventive measurements in childhood are necessary, and appropriate intervention appears to be effective.

scholarly journals Antihypertensive effect of casein hydrolysate in a placebo-controlled study in subjects with high-normal blood pressure and mild hypertension

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi Mizuno ◽  
Keiichi Matsuura ◽  
Takanobu Gotou ◽  
Shingo Nishimura ◽  
Osami Kajimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Mild Hypertension ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure

We describe a clinical trial to study the efficacy of a casein hydrolysate, prepared using an Aspergillus oryzae protease, containing the major angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides Val-Pro-Pro (VPP) and Ile-Pro-Pro (IPP) in a single-blind, placebo-controlled study. A total of 131 volunteers with high-normal blood pressure and mild hypertension were randomly divided into four groups (n 32 or 33 in each group). Each volunteer was given two tablets containing four different dosages of VPP and IPP (VPP+IPP: 0, 1·8, 2·5 and 3·6 mg), daily for 6 weeks. A significant decrease in systolic blood pressure was observed at 6 weeks in the active group receiving 1·8 mg (P<0·01) VPP and IPP; in the active groups receiving either 2·5 mg or 3·6 mg, systolic blood pressure was decreased at both 3 weeks (P<0·05 and P<0·05) and 6 weeks (P<0·001 and P<0·0001) compared with systolic blood pressure measured before treatment. Changes in the systolic blood pressure after 6 weeks of treatment in the four groups were −1·7, −6·3, −6·7 and −10·1 mmHg, and these effects were dose dependent. In addition, a significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the placebo group and the VPP and IPP group receiving 3·6 mg was observed (P<0·001) by two-way ANOVA. The antihypertensive effect was greater in mildly hypertensive subjects (n 20 or 21 in each group) than in any of the other subjects. No significant change of diastolic blood pressure was observed for all the test groups, and no differences in diastolic blood pressure in the test sample groups compared with the placebo group were observed during the test period.

Associations between being overweight, variability in heart rate, and well-being in the young men

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Schmid ◽  
Jana Schönlebe ◽  
Hans Drexler ◽  
Michael Mueck-Weymann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sporting Activities

AbstractAbnormalities of the autonomic nervous system have been repeatedly shown in hypertension. We studied the associations between being overweight, blood pressure, cardiac vagal tone as measured by variability in heart rate, and well-being in a large cohort of young men. We hypothesised an inverse correlation between body mass index and the variability in heart rate. Further, we assessed systolic and diastolic blood pressure as traditional indicators of cardiovascular risk. Exclusion criteria were the use of drugs or pharmaceuticals. The following data from 786 men with a mean age of 19.4 years (standard deviation = 1.4, with a range from 16 to 24 years) were analysed in a cross-sectional study: body mass index, sleep duration, sporting activities, psychological well-being, blood pressure, heart rate, and variability in heart rate. Despite the young age of the men in this study, increased values for the body mass index were already associated with a shift in sympathovagal balance trending towards sympathetic dominance. There was also a significant positive correlation between body mass index and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that significant factors, which were associated with variability in heart rate, were body mass index and sporting activities. In addition, sporting activity and sleep duration had a significant positive impact on psychological well-being. Even in young men, being overweight is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, especially an increased sympathetic and/or lowered cardiovascular tone and increased blood pressure. Our study gives additional motivation for the early prevention and treatment of obesity in childhood and adolescence.

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