Design and Engineering Training in Engineering Graphics: Past, Present, Future

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Абросимов ◽  
Sergey Abrosimov ◽  
Тихонов-Бугров ◽  
Dmitriy Tikhonov-Bugrov

The article shows that Russian higher education in part of graphic disciplines has been using technologies presently capable to provide necessary competencies (knowledge) since the Несколько лет назад всех людей, которым не без- различно отечественное образование, потрясли две цитаты из речей руководителя Министерства обра- зования. В одной говорилось о том, что ошибкой отечественного образования являлось стремление воспитать человека-творца, а надо бы – квалифици- рованного потребителя. Во второй – о том, что выс- шая математика убивает креативность. К счастью, в документах, посвященных модерни- зации отечественного образования в настоящее время, как среднего, так и высшего, признается, в частности, необходимость решения важной задачи – обеспечить выработку устойчивой рефлексии обучаемых через создание условий для формирования опыта самосто- ятельного решения познавательных, коммуникатив- ных, организационных, нравственных и иных проблем. Многие специалисты считают, что именно ком- петентностная модель способна привести в соответ- ствие профессиональное образование с потребно- стями рынка, нуждающегося в компетентном и кре- ативном работнике. К одной из самых эффективных технологий об- учения относят проектное обучение, или метод про- ектов. Наш опыт преподавания инженерной графи- ки убеждает в том, что ничего принципиально но- вого здесь нет. Уже довольно много лет назад учебный процесс в отечественной высшей школе (мы говорим о преподавании инженерной графики) в ряде техни- ческих вузов отвечал большинству тех требований, которые предъявляются в настоящее время. В Военмехе, например, по согласованию с факультетами подби- ралась соответствующая элементная база (образцы техники и чертежная документация), а на занятиях делался акцент на проектно-конструкторские осо- бенности изделий, элементы творчества. end of the past century. This article describes tasks with elements of constructing built on the element bases of corresponding faculties that assisted in search and education of people with creative potential. The author notes difficulties of preservation and development of design and engineering approach to training due to the transition to two-level training and sharp reduction in class hours. Decline in students’ basic training is stated, its causes are analyzed. It is noted that in the current situation (weak basic training, per capita funding, and low level of motivation) university teachers face the responsibility to develop student´s discipline of mind, discipline of character, discipline of work, which used to be Soviet schoolteachers’ task. It is shown that the elements of project-based learning should be introduced at the earliest stage of engineering drawing training. Examples of tasks are provided. The article proposes a number of organizational and methodological measures, which, according to the authors, will help save the engineering design approach to learning. The role of computing and software as a vital tool is displayed in the courses of: Engineering Graphics; Basics of computer-aided design; Introduction to CAD. Historical development of this tool is followed to date. The conclusion about the need to build the educational process as a system of parallel projects going through the entire training period is made.

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 827
Author(s):  
José Ignacio Rojas-Sola

The study of graphic communication techniques that engineers, architects, and designers use to express ideas and concepts, or the graphic expression applied to the design process, is becoming increasingly important. The correct interpretation of graphic language allows the development of skills in the training of an engineer or architect. For this reason, research on this topic is especially valuable in finding improvements or new proposals that help toward a better understanding of those techniques. This Special Issue shows the reader some examples of different disciplines available, such as engineering graphics, industrial design, geometric modeling, computer-aided design, descriptive geometry, architectural graphics and computer animation.


Author(s):  
Giovanni Berselli ◽  
Pietro Bilancia ◽  
Luca Luzi

Abstract The use of integrated Computer Aided Design/Engineering (CAD/CAE) software capable of analyzing mechanical devices in a single parametric environment is becoming an industrial standard. Potential advantages over traditional enduring multi-software design routines can be outlined into time/cost reduction and easier modeling procedures. To meet industrial requirements, the engineering education is constantly revising the courses programs to include the training of modern advanced virtual prototyping technologies. Within this scenario, the present work describes the CAD/CAE project-based learning (PjBL) activity developed at the University of Genova as a part of course named Design of Automatic Machines, taught at the second level degree in mechanical engineering. The PjBL activity provides a detailed overview of an integrated design environment (i.e. PTC Creo). The students, divided into small work groups, interactively gain experience with the tool via the solution of an industrial design problem, provided by an engineer from industry. The considered case study consists of an automatic pushing device implemented in a commercial machine. Starting from a sub-optimal solution, the students, supervised by the lecturers, solve a series of sequential design steps involving both motion and structural analysis. The paper describes each design phase and summarizes the numerical outputs. At last, the results of the PjBL activity are presented and commented by considering the opinions of all the parties involved.


1994 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 157-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
DERSHUNG YANG ◽  
LARRY A. RENDELL ◽  
JULIE L. WEBSTER ◽  
DORIS S. SHAW ◽  
JAMES H. GARRETT

A new neural network called AUGURS is designed to assist a user of a Computer-Aided Design system in utilizing standard graphic symbols. With AUGURS, the CAD user can avoid searching for standard symbols in a large library and rely on AUGURS to automatically retrieve those symbols resembling the user’s drawing. More specifically, AUGURS inputs a bitmap image normalized with respect to location, size, and orientation, and outputs a list of standard symbols ranked by its assessment of the similarity between the symbol and the input image. Only the top ranked symbols are presented to the user for selection. AUGURS encodes geometric knowledge into its network structure and carefully balances its discriminant power and noise tolerance. The encoded knowledge enables AUGURS to learn reasonably well despite the limited number of training examples, the most serious challenge for the CAD domain. We have compared AUGURS with the Zipcode Net, a traditional layered feed-forward network with an unconstrained structure, and a network that inputs either Zernike or pseudo-Zernike moments. The experimental results conclude that AUGURS can achieve the best recognition performance among all networks being compared with reasonable recognition and learning efficiency.


Author(s):  
Nora Ayanian ◽  
James F. Keller ◽  
Paul J. White ◽  
Vijay Kumar

We have developed an intensive, three-week summer robotics program for high school students. The program requires special teaching methods since it is offered to rising 10th through 12th grade students with diverse backgrounds, and a low student/teacher ratio to ensure all students grasp the material. We use a project-based learning approach, assigning the students a series of specially tailored labs and projects designed to engage and challenge while preparing them for the main element of the program, the design of a semi-autonomous robotic vehicle whose mission emulates that of NASA’s Martian rovers. The project culminates with testing of their vehicles on an obstacle course. A series of targeted design reviews are held as the project unfolds to keep all designs on schedule. We leverage the spirit of competition to heighten the enthusiasm of the students and sustain their interest through the long-hours required to design and build a successful robot. The students get hands-on experience with mechanism design, electronics, computer-aided-design and manufacturing, and microprocessor programming, and are engaged in discussions on applications of robotics in both academia and industry to provide a “grounding” of the material.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Fábio A. O. Fernandes ◽  
Nilo Fuchter Júnior ◽  
Anderson Daleffe ◽  
Daniel Fritzen ◽  
Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa

Problem-based learning (PBL) approaches are well-accepted and disseminated and have been intensively employed in several engineering programs. This article aims to present a teaching experience in which PBL was applied in one course of a mechanical engineering graduation program. The PBL approach applied is described step-by-step as well as the goals and constraints related to Computer-Aided Design, Engineering and Manufacturing (CAD/CAE/CAM) technologies employed in this particular case. The evaluation process is described, as well as the quantitative results, and also the results obtained from questionnaires answered by the students at the end of the PBL experience. Additionally, the team’s technical success in solving the proposed CAD/CAE/CAM problems was also taken into account. This PBL approach provided the students with the required autonomy to develop their argumentative skills within the team, defending their ideas, and at the same time, promoting self-criticism and ethical and impartial judgment among the other team members.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Юрий Поликарпов ◽  
Yuriy Polikarpov ◽  
М. Семашко ◽  
M. Semashko ◽  
Л. Худякова ◽  
...  

In connection with the use of machine-building enterprises to create new products of computer-aided design, which solve the problem in three-dimensional space, the problem of modernization of the course of descriptive geometry becomes relevant. The article describes the experience of the Department of descriptive geometry and drawing of the Ufa state aviation technical University for the modernization of the course of descriptive geometry. The questions of development of educational and methodical complex of the modernized discipline “engineering and computer graphics”, about its components which are prepared by Department and are used in educational process at training of bachelors in the directions which are included in the enlarged group of 150000 «Mechanical engineering» are in detail considered.


Author(s):  
B.M. Slavin ◽  
◽  
I.A. Kozlova ◽  
R.B. Slavin ◽  
◽  
...  

The article deals with the implementation of information technologies in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard when students of Astrakhan universities study the course "Engineering Graphics" during distance learning, further informatization of engineering education. To ensure a high level of modern production, the priority task is to improve the teaching methods of geometric and graphic disciplines. Along with the traditional execution of drawings, modern computer-aided design systems should be consistently applied to achieve an appropriate level of information literacy, which will ensure that students acquire the necessary professional competencies.


Author(s):  
Elena Sergeevna Reshetnikova ◽  
Irina Aleksandrovna Savelyeva ◽  
Ekaterina Anatolyevna Svistunova

This article examines the questions of preparation of students of technical specialties in the higher educational institutions based on the WorldSkills Occupational Standards “Engineering CAD Software”. The relevance of implementation of 3D modeling standards in modern computer-aided design systems into the educational process is substantiated by the need in preparation of highly qualified internationally recognized specialists in different industry fields. The author analyzed competitive tasks of the WorldSkills championships, as well as assesses the importance of graphic training for the development of competences of a modern specialist, who use CAD in their professional activity. The article examines the methodology of geometric-graphic preparation of students of the specialty 15.05.01 Design of Technological Machines and Complexes, specialization in the Design of Metallurgical Machines and Complexes, implemented in the Magnitogorsk State Technical University. A distinct advantage of this methodology is the use of various CAD software and development of the skills for manual sketching of details of mechanical engineering within the framework of studying engineering graphics. The results are acquired of successful implementation of competitive tasks of the Worldskills championships in the educational process. The author concludes that the use of the developed methodology in educational process allowed improving the efficiency of preparation of students.


Ergodesign ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Ольга Алипова ◽  
Olga Alipova ◽  
Николай Коржов ◽  
Nikolay Korzhov ◽  
Татьяна Кравчик ◽  
...  

The way of the formation of competence in teaching the course "Multimedia Technology" for students majoring computer science - the designer. The choice of areas of teaching the course for the MT specialists design a bias in education. The basic thesis of the course for the MT specialty "Computer science in the field of computer-aided design" in the MAI.Presents practical techniques of the educational process on discipline.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document