Using knowledge in the field of psychology in criminal proceedings involving persons who use narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-126
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Samolaeva ◽  
Tat'yana Borodkina
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Drug Dependent ◽  
Illicit Trafficking ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

The purpose of the article is analyze of the study by the investigator (inquirer) of the psychological characteristics of individuals who use narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, in order to use this information to improve the effectiveness of crime investigation. Given that the investigator often does not possess expertise on the effects of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, and the information taken from other sources, in particular, of professional experience related to the participation of drug users in the criminal case in one way or another procedural status (witness, suspect), they need some guidance during the work with this category of persons. The authors highlight the main directions of the investigator's work in criminal cases related to illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. In the course of research of investigative and judicial practice in criminal cases, comparative analysis, a systematic approach, subject-object and dialectical methods are used. The conclusions of the study can be used by the investigator (inquirer) as a recommendation, more actively involve specialists in the field of psychiatry, drug addiction, psychology in the production of investigative actions; carefully analyze the condition of persons involved in the investigation, including minors who use narcotic drugs and are involved in criminal proceedings; prevent and suppress torture and self-harm, as well as the Commission of new crimes by interfering in the process of forming criminal behavior of a drug-dependent person.

scholarly journals Determination of the Procedural Status of a Person Who Was Inclined to Use Narcotic Drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-401
Author(s):  
Aleksei Suslikov
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

In the process of criminal proceedings, the determination of the procedural status of a person participating in a criminal case is the most important stage of the investigation. It depends on who the person will be recognized, what rights and obligations it will have, how actively it will be able to participate in the criminal case. The paper examines issues related to the determination of the procedural status of a person inclined to use drugs, draws conclusions about the need to recognize the inclined victim in the framework of the investigation of criminal cases under Art. 230 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Induction to the consumption of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues.” The article analyzes the arguments in defense of the provision on recognizing as victims those who are inclined to use drugs, and also provides arguments explaining what kind of damage is caused by the perpetrator to people who have used drugs and who have refused their use. The presently existing judicial practice on determining the procedural status of persons inclined to use drugs is presented. The paper explains the reasons why investigators and prosecutors do not want to involve persons inclined to use drugs to participate in criminal proceedings on the side of the prosecution. Using the example of a judicial act that has entered into legal force, it is explained how the status of a victim in a criminal case can affect the sentence passed. The situation with cannabis is considered in order to understand the harm arising from one-time use of narcotic drugs. Attention is focused on the attitude of society towards narcotic drugs made from hemp, and on the example of works in the field of medicine, the author describes the damage caused to a person when hemp-based drugs are consumed. At the same time, it explains why drugs inflict both physical and moral harm on a person. Conclusions are formulated about the need for the incited person to participate in a criminal case in the status of a victim from the moment the investigator makes a decision to initiate a criminal case.

A criminal profiling of persons convicted for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances illicit trafficking

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Pavlik ◽  
Elena Ketenchieva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Drug Offenders ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Profile ◽  
Illicit Trafficking ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

This article provides a classification and characteristics of persons convicted for crimes in the field of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances illicit trafficking. The article deals with the statistics in this sphere over the past five years. Based on the collected empirical evidence the authors analyzed the qualitative indicators of convicted drug offenders. The examination of statistical data from investigative and judicial practice on crimes in the field of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances illicit trafficking made it possible to sketch a criminal profile of a person sentenced to imprisonment: a citizen of the Russian Federation, a male between 18 to 39 years, having a secondary general or vocational education. Moreover, the personality of a convicted person is characterized by his internal criteria deformation devaluing the norms and rules that express and consolidate public interests. The authors also conducted a comparative analysis of offenders convicted both in the Russian Federation and in such federal subjects as Saint-Petersburg and Leningrad region. The choice of St. Petersburg as one of the objects of this research is justified by the fact that it has been among the leaders of the regions with the largest number of recorded drug-related crimes for several years.

Crimes in the field of illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic, potent and poisonous substances: topical issues of criminal liability

2021 ◽  
pp. 704-715
Author(s):  
Dmitriy V. Bondarev
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Illicit Trafficking ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

We consider current issues related to the prosecution of persons guilty of committing crimes in the field of illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic, potent and poisonous substances. We analyze the problematic moments that arise at the final stage of the investigation of criminal cases of this category, in particular, upon notification of the end of the preliminary investigation and at the stage of familiarization with the materials of the criminal case on crimes related to the illegal circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. We pay attention to the gaps in modern legislation in the area under consideration, we have made suggestions for its im-provement.

scholarly journals Poppy Seeds — a Foodstuff or Drug?

Narkokontrol ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Fedorov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Poppy Seeds ◽  
Illicit Trafficking ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

The article is devoted to the much-debated issue of whether it is appropriate to initiate criminal proceedings for actions with poppy seeds contaminated by particles of poppy straw and coagulated milky sap. It analyzes the point of view stated by Doctor of Law E.A. Lukyanova on this matter, provides an analysis of international treaties and Russian normative legal acts regulating trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and issues of combatting illicit trafficking therein.

The public danger and qualification problems of illegal sale of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in the prisons

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Марина Сергеевна Красильникова
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Narcotic Drug ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Illicit Trafficking ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

В статье актуализируется необходимость исследования вопросов квалификации незаконного сбыта наркотических средств и психотропных веществ в учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы. Представлены и проанализированы статистические данные, иллюстрирующие сложившуюся криминальную ситуацию в сфере незаконного оборота наркотических средств и психотропных веществ, а также примеры из судебной практики, порождающие немало вопросов. Среди уголовно-правовых проблем, связанных с незаконным оборотом наркотических средств и психотропных веществ, особо выделяются проблемы квалификации незаконного сбыта наркотиков, а также особенности юридической оценки такого сбыта, совершенного сотрудником пенитенциарного учреждения. Для решения обозначенной проблемы приведены руководящие разъяснения высшей судебной инстанции по данной категории дел, мнения ученых-юристов, тщательно изучены теоретические и практические аспекты тематики. На основе проведенного анализа установлено, что оценка деяния сотрудника учреждения уголовно-исполнительной системы, выразившегося в приобретении для осужденного или заключенного под стражу наркотического средства или психотропного вещества, как пособничества в приобретении наркотика без цели сбыта не соответствует смыслу закона, противоречит рекомендациям Пленума Верховного суда РФ, имеет не свойственную для приобретения без цели сбыта крайне высокую степень общественной опасности, а также дает возможность освобождения от уголовной ответственности. В завершение исследования подведены его итоги, подчеркнута необходимость пересмотра разъяснений Верховного суда Российской Федерации по данной категории дел, а также серьезной переработки уголовно-правовых норм об ответственности за незаконный сбыт наркотических средств и психотропных веществ. The article actualizes the need to study the criminal law aspects of the illegal sale of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in penitentiary institutions. Statistical data are presented and analyzed to illustrate the current criminal situation in the field of illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as examples from judicial practice that raise many questions. Among the criminal law problems associated with the illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, the problems of qualifying illegal drug trafficking, as well as the peculiarities of the legal assessment of such a sale made by a penitentiary institution employee, are especially highlighted. To solve the indicated problem, the leading explanations of the highest court on this category of cases, the opinions of legal scholars are given, the theoretical and practical aspects of the topic are carefully studied. Based on the analysis, it was found that the assessment of the act of an employee of the penitentiary system, expressed in the acquisition of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance for a convicted or imprisoned person, as aiding in the purchase of a drug without a sale purpose does not correspond to the meaning of the law, contradicts the recommendations of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation has an extremely high degree of social danger, which is not typical for acquiring without a marketing objective, and also makes it possible to exempt from criminal No responsibility. At the end of the study, its results were summarized, the need to review the clarifications of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on this category of cases, as well as a serious revision of criminal law on liability for the illegal sale of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, was emphasized.

On the Consideration of a Criminal Case Against a Minor by Jury

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
E. V. Markovicheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Case ◽  
Jury Trial ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Minor

The functioning of the jury in Russia has demonstrated not only effectiveness, but also a number of problems that need to be resolved. Such problems include the personal jurisdiction of criminal cases by jury. The article reveals the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation regarding the right of minors to trial a criminal case in a jury. The approaches to solving this issue that have developed in the judicial practice of individual foreign states are analyzed, the main directions for further scientific discussion regarding the right of minors to a jury trial are outlined. The purpose of the article is to disclose various approaches to the administration of criminal justice in the relations of minors with the participation of lay judges. The theoretical basis of the study was Russian and foreign scientific works in the field of criminal procedure law, devoted both to the consideration of criminal cases with the jury, and the specifics of juvenile criminal proceedings. Using the comparative legal research method has allowed to reveal various approaches to the access of minors to jury trials in individual states. In Russian legislation and judicial practice the question of the right of minors to have a criminal case against them considered by a jury remains unresolved. The position of the Constitutional Court of Russia regarding the jurisdiction of such criminal cases is also controversial. The experience of foreign countries indicates that there is no universal way to ensure the right of a minor to a proper court. This issue is decided depending on the type of criminal process, the presence or absence of specialized juvenile courts. Any direct borrowing in this regard cannot be considered effective, but a generalization of foreign experience can create the necessary basis for optimizing both the work of the jury and criminal proceedings against minors.

scholarly journals EXPERT RESEARCH OF MICROQUANTITIES NARCOTIC, PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES AND PRECURSORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 332-351
Author(s):  
N. Sh. Khalilova ◽  
N. V. Korableva ◽  
V. A. Vetrova ◽  
M. U. Abdullayeva ◽  
Z. U. Usmonaliyeva
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Detector ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

While investigating and prosecuting criminal cases related to illegal drug trade, psychotropic substances and precursors, microobjects found at the scene of crime, as well as on items related to a crime and its participants, assume ever greater evidentiary. In expert practice, narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances often appear as research objects, that are rarely individual compounds. At that greatest difficulties arise while research of substances that are multicomponent systems and mixtures containing a large number of impurity and ballast substances, as well as low concentrations of active substances. So it is difficult to identify the substance that served as the basis for developing a methodology for the investigation of microquantities of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors. Despite the fact that chromatographic analysis is the most common method for the analysis of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors, currently due to high information content, sensitivity and selectivity in the world practice of forensic chemical and medical examination, methods of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detector (HPLC-MS) become one of the most widely used. The use of the HPLC-MS method is the most optimal while research on narcotic, psychotropic substances and precursors by reducing the time of sample preparation, since there is no need for the stage of reagents evaporation and receipt of derivatives, and also it is appear possible to identify non-volatile substances that cannot be analyzed by GC-MS. As a result of the performed researches a methods for the criminalistic research of microquantities of certain narcotic drugs (heroin, morphine, opium, methamphetamine, cocaine, etc.), psychotropic substances (clonidine, bromazepam, ketazolam, trihexyphenidyl, methaqualone, barbital, etc.), precursors (pseudoephedrine, ephedrine) and a poison such as scopolamine using GC-MS and HPLC-MS.

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