scholarly journals Atmospheric effects of the cosmic-ray mu-meson component

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Валерий Янчуковский ◽  
Valery Yanchukovsky ◽  
Василий Кузьменко ◽  
Vasiliy Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Atmospheric Component ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Muon Intensity ◽  
Barometric Effect

Variations in the intensity of cosmic rays observed in the depth of the atmosphere include the atmospheric component of the variations. Cosmic-ray muon telescopes, along with the barometric effect, have a significant temperature effect due to the instability of detected particles. To take into account atmospheric effects in muon telescope data, meteorological coefficients of muon intensity are found. The meteorological coefficients of the intensity of muons recorded in the depth of the atmosphere are estimated from experimental data, using various methods of factor analysis. The results obtained from experimental data are compared with the results of theoretical calculations.

scholarly journals Atmospheric effects of the cosmic-ray mu-meson component

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Валерий Янчуковский ◽  
Valery Yanchukovsky ◽  
Василий Кузьменко ◽  
Vasiliy Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Atmospheric Component ◽  
Coeffi Cients ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Muon Intensity ◽  
Barometric Effect

Variations in the intensity of cosmic rays observed in the depth of the atmosphere include the atmospheric component of the variations. Cosmic-ray muon telescopes, along with the barometric effect, have a significant temperature effect due to the instability of detected particles. To take into account atmospheric effects in muon telescope data, meteorological coeffi-cients of muon intensity are found. The meteorological coefficients of the intensity of muons recorded in the depth of the atmosphere are estimated from experi-mental data, using various methods of factor analysis. The results obtained from experimental data are com-pared with the results of theoretical calculations.

scholarly journals High energy cosmic ray interactions and UHECR composition problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Sergey Ostapchenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray Interactions ◽  
Composition Problem

The differences between contemporary Monte Carlo generators of high energy hadronic interactions are discussed and their impact on the interpretation of experimental data on ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is studied. Key directions for further model improvements are outlined. The prospect for a coherent interpretation of the data in terms of the UHECR composition is investigated.

scholarly journals Cosmic ray spectra in planetary atmospheres

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (S257) ◽  
pp. 471-473
Author(s):  
M. Buchvarova ◽  
P. Velinov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Planetary Atmospheres ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Outer Planets ◽  
Practical Possibility ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Theoretical Results

AbstractOur model generalizes the differential D(E) and integral D(>E) spectra of cosmic rays (CR) during the 11-year solar cycle. The empirical model takes into account galactic (GCR) and anomalous cosmic rays (ACR) heliospheric modulation by four coefficients. The calculated integral spectra in the outer planets are on the basis of mean gradients: for GCR – 3%/AU and 7%/AU for anomalous protons. The obtained integral proton spectra are compared with experimental data, the CRÈME96 model for the Earth and theoretical results of 2D stochastic model. The proposed analytical model gives practical possibility for investigation of experimental data from measurements of galactic cosmic rays and their anomalous component.

scholarly journals 39. The anisotropy of primary cosmic radiation and the electromagnetic state in interplanetary space

1958 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 377-385
Author(s):  
V. Sarabhai ◽  
N. W. Nerurkar ◽  
S. P. Duggal ◽  
T. S. G. Sastry
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Cosmic Ray Intensity ◽  
Daily Variations ◽  
Primary Cosmic Radiation

Study of the anisotropy of cosmic rays from the measurement of the daily variation of meson intensity has demonstrated that there are significant day-today changes in the anisotropy of the radiation. New experimental data pertaining to these changes and their solar and terrestrial relationships are discussed.An interpretation of these changes of anisotropy in terms of the modulation of cosmic rays by streams of matter emitted by the sun is given. In particular, an explanation for the existence of the recently discovered types of daily variations exhibiting day and night maxima respectively, can be found by an extension of some ideas of Alfvén, Nagashima, and Davies. An integrated attempt is made to interpret the known features of the variation of cosmic ray intensity in conformity with ideas developed above.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE RESULTS OF UHECR DETECTION ON THE LHC EXPERIMENTS

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (A) ◽  
pp. 707-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly A. Petrukhin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Energy Interval ◽  
Mass System ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Region 10

The cosmic ray energy region 10<sup>15</sup> ÷ 10<sup>17</sup>TeV corresponds to LHC energies 1 ÷ 14TeV in the center-of-mass system. The results obtained in cosmic rays (CR) in this energy interval can therefore be used for developing new approaches to the analysis of experimental data, for interpreting the results, and for planning new experiments. The main problem in cosmic ray investigations is the remarkable excess of muons, which increases with energy and cannot be explained by means of contemporary theoretical models. Some possible new explanations of this effect and other unusual phenomena observed in CR, and ways of searching for them in the LHC experiments are discussed.

scholarly journals Meson formation and the geomagnetic effects

1947 ◽  
Vol 192 (1028) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Meson Production ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Average Multiplicity ◽  
Soft Component ◽  
Positively Charged ◽  
Mode Of Production

The experimental data on the cosmic-ray geomagnetic effects are used to provide information on the nature of the primary cosmic rays and on the mode of production of the meson component. The relevant arguments are first reviewed in a qualitative way and then elaborated by a quantitative analysis, which is not dependent upon any specific theory of meson production. Three main possibilities are discussed, the so-called proton, ‘mixed’ and soft component hypotheses (see §1 for definitions). It is concluded that the bulk of the mesons must arise from protons (or possibly other heavier positively charged particles). The analysis suggests that the average multiplicity of the process of meson production is about nine. From consideration of the asymmetry at high altitudes it seems likely that the primary radiation consists of protons and electrons (equally positive and negative) in the ratio of about one proton to four electrons.

Investigation of long-time cosmic-ray variations

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S907-S910
Author(s):  
R. B. Salimzibarov ◽  
V. D. Sokolov ◽  
N. G. Skryabin ◽  
V. V. Klimenko ◽  
Yu. G. Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Ionization Chamber ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Charge Composition ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Long Time

During 1958–66 the flux and mean ionization chamber response of cosmic-ray particles were measured. On the basis of the experimental data the 11-year variations of the flux and of the charge composition of cosmic rays, and the annual variations, have been investigated.

Theoretical studies of in‐situ rock density determinations using underground cosmic‐ray muon intensity measurements with application in mining geophysics

Geophysics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1549-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Malmqvist ◽  
G. Jönsson ◽  
K. Kristiansson ◽  
L. Jacobsson
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Massive Sulfide ◽  
Rock Density ◽  
Density Anomaly ◽  
Intensity Measurements ◽  
Muon Intensity ◽  
Change In Mean

The feasibility of in‐situ rock density determinations by means of subsurface cosmic‐ray muon intensity measurements is based on theoretical calculations for two hypothetical scintillation counter telescopes: one is intended for registration in a gallery and the other is intended for use in narrow boreholes. It is shown that it is possible to measure the mean density of the rock traversed by the muons by measuring the muon intensity. The sensitivity of the method is favorable—a 1 percent change in mean rock density corresponds to a change of about 3 percent in the counting rate. A possible use of cosmic‐ray muon technique is the localization of an anomalous density distribution in overlying rock. A characteristic minimum registration time to detect a certain density anomaly varies from a few hours to about 10 days, depending on the geologic situation and the depth and design of the detector. The device is found to be most applicable for massive sulfide and iron exploration. This tecnique provides some new possibilities. A certain spatial resolution can be achieved at the expense of the registration time, and the overlying rock can, to some extent, be investigated in different directions from one point of observation. The method seems to be useful down to depths of approximately 600 m for the gallery application and 400 m for the borehole application. However, these limits are a consequence of the size of the detector, the size and density contrast of the target, and the maximum registration time accepted for each observation.

The energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays and the secondary radiation background in the vicinity of the earth

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S515-S517 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Bazilevskaya ◽  
A. N. Charakhchyan ◽  
T. N. Charakhchyan ◽  
A. N. Kvashnin ◽  
A. K. Pankratov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Total Flux ◽  
Secondary Radiation ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
The Earth

Experimental data on the energy spectrum of the cosmic-ray primary component and total flux of the secondary radiation near the earth are examined. The data have been obtained by extrapolation of the results of regular measurements of the ionizing and photon components of cosmic rays at high altitudes in the stratosphere at various geomagnetic latitudes.

Dependence of the muon pseudorapidity on the cosmic ray mass composition around the knee

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gohar Rastegarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Nemati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Iron Nucleus ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Muon Tracking ◽  
Tracking Detector ◽  
The Mean

In order to identify the mass composition of cosmic rays (CRs), we have investigated the mean muon pseudorapidity (〈η〉) values of muonic component in extensive air showers (EASs). For this purpose we have simulated EASs by CORSIKA 7.4 code for Hydrogen, Oxygen and Iron nucleus. The energy range was selected between 1014 eV and 1016 eV with zenith angle from 0°–18°. We have compared our calculations with KASCADE muon tracking detector (MTD) measurements to obtain results on the primary mass relationship with mean muon pseudorapidity values of EASs muonic component. It is shown that after the knee energies, experimental data tend to the heavy primaries and mass composition becomes heavier. Finally, linear equations between the mass of primary and mean η values for different energies are obtained.

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