scholarly journals Wholesale fuel price adjustment in Poland: examination of competitive performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Sylwester Bejger
Keyword(s):  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Competitive Performance ◽  
Fuel Price

scholarly journals Dampak Perubahan Harga Bahan Bakar Minyak Terhadap Kinerja Sektor Pertanian (Pendekatan Analisis Input-Ouput)

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Pantjar Simatupang ◽  
Supena Friyatno
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Household Expenditures ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Input Output Analysis ◽  
The Government

<strong>English</strong><br />This study aims to estimate quantitative impacts of fuel price adjustment on prices of agribusiness inputs and outputs, inflation and household expenditures, farm profitability and farmers’ welfare as well as Gross Domestic Products form agriculture sector as the key parameters in designing policies related with fuel price adjustment to be conducted by the Government in the future. This study applies an Input-Output analysis (National Input-Output Table 2005). Micro agribusiness survey was also conducted to check validity of the macro secondary data. The Input-Output analysis shows if fuel price is raised by 100% then the agribusiness profitability will decrease by around 0.095–0.142% for food and horticulture farms, 0.052–0.141% for estate crops farms, 0.537-0.756% for livestock farms and 0.058–0.223% for post-harvest and processing business. Inflation elasticity is 0.044%. If the fuel price is raised by 1% then inflation will increase by 0.044%. Inflation rate can be seen as the increase in the household cost of living if there is no change in quantity of the consumption. Accordingly, if the fuel price is indeed must be increased to reduce the budget expense of the fuel subsidy and to improve energy use efficiency then it should be conducted gradually, say 10% per occasion, such that it would not have significant impacts on agricultural performance as well as farmers’ and rural people’s welfare. It is regrettable to see the historical experience that the government tends to postpone adjusting the fuel price, perhaps for political reason, but in the end has to rise fuel price sharply causing significant negative impacts on agricultural performances as well as farmers’ welfare.<br /><br /><strong>Indonesia</strong><br />Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh dugaan dampak perubahan harga BBM terhadap harga sarana, prasarana, dan hasil usaha pertanian, serta kinerja sektor pertanian yang merupakan parameter kunci dalam perumusan kebijakan terkait dengan penyesuaian harga BBM yang kemungkinan besar masih akan harus dilakukan pemerintah. Metode yang digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan tersebut adalah analisis input-output (Tabel IO Nasional tahun 2005). Survei mikro usaha pertanian juga dilakukan sebagai validasi kelogisan hasil analisis IO. Analisis input-output menunjukkan bahwa apabila harga BBM ditingkatkan 100% maka profitabilitas usaha akan menurun sekitar 0,095–0,142% untuk usaha tanaman pangan dan hortikultura, sekitar 0,052–0,141% untuk usaha perkebunan, sekitar 0,537–0,756% untuk usaha peternakan, dan sekitar 0,058–0,223% untuk usaha pascapanen dan pengolahan hasil pertanian. Elastisitas inflasi terhadap harga BBM adalah 0,044%. Apabila harga BBM ditingkatkan 1%, inflasi akan meningkat 0,044%. Inflasi dapat pula dipandang sebagai peningkatan biaya hidup atau pengeluaran konsumsi penduduk bila tidak ada perubahan kuantitas konsumsi. Oleh karena itu, kalau memang harus dilakukan guna mengurangi beban anggaran subsidi dan mendorong efisiensi penggunaan energi, kebijakan penyesuaian harga BBM sebaiknya dilakukan secara bertahap, misalnya 10% tiap kali peningkatan, sehingga dampaknya tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja sektor pertanian maupun terhadap kesejahteraan petani dan penduduk perdesaan secara umum. Namun, pengalaman dari masa lalu menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah cenderung menunda-nunda kenaikan harga BBM, barangkali karena alasan politik, sehingga terpaksa melakukan kenaikan harga BBM secara tajam dan dampaknya terhadap kinerja usaha pertanian dan kesejahteraan petani pun akan besar.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN DAMPAK PENYESUAIAN HARGA BBM BERSUBSIDI UNTUK NELAYAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Subhechanis Saptanto ◽  
Achmad Zamroni ◽  
Andrian Ramadhan ◽  
Rizky Aprilian Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Adjustment Policy ◽  
Price Adjustments ◽  
The Impact

Fluktuasi harga BBM yang disebabkan oleh adanya kebijakan penyesuaian harga BBM memberikan pengaruh pada berbagai sektor khususnya sektor perikanan tangkap. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh penyesuaian harga BBM terhadap biaya operasional usaha perikanan tangkap laut; dan mengkaji dampak penyesuian harga BBM terhadap tingkat keuntungan usaha perikanan tangkap laut. Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan selama 30 hari kerja yang dilakukan pada bulan Januari – Februari 2015. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Muncar, Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Brondong Kabupaten Lamongan, PPN Pekalongan di Kota Pekalongan dan PPN Palabuhan Ratu di Kabupaten Sukabumi, dengan pertimbangan bahwa di lokasi tersebut terdapat armada kapal berdasarkan ukuran kapal.Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari responden/sampel penelitian yang ditentukan secara purposif (purposive sampling) mencakup: nelayan pada berbagai ukuran kapal. data-data sekunder diperoleh dari laporan penelitian, laporan kajian, dan data-data pada berbagai instansi terkait. Data ditabulasi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel-tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyesuaian harga BBM memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap biaya operasional dan keuntungan usaha. Pada seluruh ukuran kapal peningkatan harga BBM akan secara otomatis meningkatkan biaya operasional usaha dan menurunkan keuntungan usaha.  Perubahan harga BBM khususnya solar yang terjadi pada akhir tahun 2014 hingga Januari 2015 memberikan dampak positif dan negatif terhadap pelaku usaha, khususnya nelayan; penurunan harga BBM berpotensi menaikkan tingkat keuntungan yang diterima, sebaliknya peningkatan BBM berpotensi menurunkan tingkat keuntungan usaha. Perlu adanya bantuan permodalan dan pendampingan untuk mendorong pelaku usaha berpindah dari kapal 50-100 GT ke kapal berukuran 20-30 GT atau ke kapal berukuran diatas 100 GT. Hal ini didasarkan pada hasil kajian dimana kelompok ukuran kapal 50-100 GT yang paling sensitif terkena dampak akibat perubahan harga solar. Setiap kenaikan harga BBM solar sebesar 1% akan menurunkan keuntungan usaha sebesar 0,7% . Sementara ukuran kapal 20-30 GT dan diatas 100 GT mengalami penurunan sebesar 0.2% dan 0.5%.Title: Analysis Of Subsidized Fuel Price Adjustment Policy Impact For FishermenFluctuations in fuel prices caused by the fuel price adjustment policy influence on various sectors particularly the fisheries sector. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of fuel price adjustments against operating expenses marine capture fishery business; and assess the impact of fuel price adjustments to the level of profitability of marine capture fisheries. The research was carried out for 30 days of work, done in January-February 2015. The research location is at the Fishery Port Beach (PPP) Muncar, Nusantara Fishery Port (VAT) Brondong Lamongan, PPN Pekalongan in Pekalongan and VAT Palabuhan Ratu in Sukabumi , considering that in that location there is a fleet of ships based on ship size. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained from respondents / sample were determined purposively (purposive sampling) include: fisherman on vessels of various sizes. secondary data obtained from research reports, assessment reports, and data on the various relevant agencies. Techniques used for primary data collection is interview the selected respondents, with the scope of information covering investment costs, variable costs (variable) per trip, the fixed cost (fixed) per year, business receipts per trip, business operational information. Data tabulated and analyzed descriptively and presented in a tabular format. The results showed that the adjustment of fuel prices has a profound influence on operating costs and profits. On the whole size of ships increase in fuel prices will automatically increase business operational costs and lowering profits. Changes in fuel prices, especially diesel which occurred in late 2014 to January 2015 giving positive and negative impacts to businesses, especially fishermen fishing; reductions in fuel prices could raise the level of benefits received, otherwise the increase in fuel potentially lower level of profits. The need for capital assistance and mentoring to encourage businesses to move from ship to ship size 50-100 20-30 GT GT or sized vessels above 100 GT. It is based on the results of the study in which groups of vessel sizes 50-100 GT are most sensitive affected by changes in the price of diesel. Any increase in the price of diesel fuel by 1% would reduce the business profits of 0.7%. While the size of 20-30 ships over 100 GT and GT decreased  0.2% and 0.5%.   

Application of Box-Behnken Analysis on the Optimisation of Air Intake System for a Naturally Aspirated Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 8029-8042
Author(s):  
N.S. Mustafa ◽  
N.H.A. Ngadiman ◽  
M.A. Abas ◽  
M.Y. Noordin
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Intake System ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
System Components ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
High Influence

Fuel price crisis has caused people to demand a car that is having a low fuel consumption without compromising the engine performance. Designing a naturally aspirated engine which can enhance engine performance and fuel efficiency requires optimisation processes on air intake system components. Hence, this study intends to carry out the optimisation process on the air intake system and airbox geometry. The parameters that have high influence on the design of an airbox geometry was determined by using AVL Boost software which simulated the automobile engine. The optimisation of the parameters was done by using Design Expert which adopted the Box-Behnken analysis technique. The result that was obtained from the study are optimised diameter of inlet/snorkel, volume of airbox, diameter of throttle body and length of intake runner are 81.07 mm, 1.04 L, 44.63 mm and 425 mm, respectively. By using these parameters values, the maximum engine performance and minimum fuel consumption are 93.3732 Nm and 21.3695×10-4 kg/s, respectively. This study has fully accomplished its aim to determine the significant parameters that influenced the performance of airbox and optimised the parameters so that a high engine performance and fuel efficiency can be produced. The success of this study can contribute to a better design of an airbox.

STUDI PENENTUAN KOMPOSISI OPTIMUM CAMPURAN BAHAN BAKAR BIODIESEL–PETRODIESEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soni S. Wirawan dkk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

Biodiesel is a viable substitute for petroleum-based diesel fuel. Its advantages are improved lubricity, higher cetane number and cleaner emission. Biodiesel and its blends with petroleum-based diesel fuel can be used in diesel engines without any signifi cant modifi cations to the engines. Data from the numerous research reports and test programs showed that as the percent of biodiesel in blends increases, emission of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) all decrease, but the amount of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and fuel consumption is tend to increase. The most signifi cant hurdle for broader commercialization of biodiesel is its cost. In current fuel price policy in Indonesia (especially fuel for transportation), the higher percent of biodiesel in blend will increase the price of blends fuel. The objective of this study is to assess the optimum blends of biodiesel with petroleum-based diesel fuel from the technically and economically consideration. The study result recommends that 20% biodiesel blend with 80% petroleum-based diesel fuel (B20) is the optimum blend for unmodifi ed diesel engine uses.Keywords: biodiesel, emission, optimum, blend

Features of control of competitive activity of strikers in football aged 14-15 years

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
S. Lebediev ◽  
S. Zhurid ◽  
O. Bulgakov ◽  
I. Mychka
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Competitive Performance ◽  
Competitive Activity ◽  
Single Combat

Comparative analysis of competitive performance indicators between the strikers of the children's and youth sports schools Arsenal and children's and YSS № 7 in Kharkov showed that the quantitative and qualitative aspects in the execution of the TTA had significant differences with respect to the players in the TTA, namely: receiving the ball - an increase of 6,48 TTА on average per game (t=2,89; p <0,05), passing back and across the field - more by 3,09 TTА (t = 2,89 ; p <0,05), ball keeping - an increase of 3,07 TTА (t = 2,50; p<0,05), martial arts at the top – 2,19 TTА, respectively (t = 2,20; p>0,05), single combat below – 1,69 TTА (t= 2,38; p<0,05), kicks in the goal - the result was more by 1,7 TTА (t=2,46; p> 0,05). For example, the young strikers of the СYSC Arsenal of Kharkiv, in comparison with the YSS № 7, Kharkiv, are performing qualitatively and tactically actions: namely, in receiving the ball, the result is better by 14.49% (t = 2,18; p > 0,05), short passes back and across the ball - by 12,64% (t = 2,23; p <0,05), ball keeping - by 17% (t = 2, 14; p <0, 05), single combat below - at 23,57% (t = 2,16; p <0,05), leg kicks – 19,3% (t = 2,24; p> 0,05).

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