scholarly journals Impact of physical activity on incidence of osteoporotic fractures - a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 196-207
Author(s):  
Paweł Oszczędłowski ◽  
Kacper Niewęgłowski ◽  
Barbara Madoń ◽  
Justyna Nowaczek ◽  
Adrian Giermasiński
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
The Individual

Introduction and purpose: The purpose od this study is to describe influence of participating in sporting activities on health of the bones. Osteoporosis is a disease of elderly people in which bone mineral density lowers. Physical activity was reported to increase bone mineral density.A brief description of the state of knowledge: Better physical performance is a positive factor that lowers the possibility of fracturing the bones of the elderly. Another factor that plays protective role is lean body mass and development of muscles. Training in young age can help to increase the bone mineral density, but the effect ceases with the passing of time, being much lower after decades. Multiple genes have impact on bone mineral density of the individual. Professional athletes have usually higher bone mineral density, but accumulation of microdamage in their bones can result in stress fractures. Training in elderly age is proven to increase bone mineral density of an individual, especially performing weight-bearing sports.Conclusions: Physical activity has been proven to positively affect health in many ways. One of them is strengthening the bones by increasing bone mineral density. As it increases, the possibility to break the bone lowers, which makes it an effective way to support the fight against the osteoporosis. It is especially important for women, who are more susceptible to osteoporotic fractures in post-menopausal age.

Weight-Bearing Physical Activity and Bone Mineral Density Among Women Using Depo-Provera.

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S533
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Otto ◽  
Richard S. Farley ◽  
Jennifer L. Caputo ◽  
Don Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Depo Provera

scholarly journals Skeletal Development during Childhood and Adolescence and the Effects of Physical Activity

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han C.G. Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Local Mechanism

This paper reviews the growth and development of skeletal mass in youth and the effects of physical activity upon the bone mass in young people. The different methods to measure the bone mass are described such as anthropometrics, radiographics, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, quantitative computed tomography, and ultrasound. Two different mechanisms are important for the formation and plasticity of bone: a central hormonal mechanism (with estrogen production) and a local mechanism (based on mechanical forces of gravity and muscle contractions). This local mechanism is closely connected to physical activity patterns and therefore discussed in more detail. Thereafter the natural course of the development of the bone mass during youth is described, taking into account the pubertal stages of boys and girls and also the age at which the maximal bone mass (peak bone mineral density) will be reached. The last part is devoted to the effects of physical activity on bone mass based on results of randomized controlled trials. Although the number of experimental studies are scarce, significant effects of weight bearing activity and high impact strength training programs are shown on the side specific bone mineral density in both boys and girls.

scholarly journals Sustained Benefits from Previous Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Density in Males

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 2600-2604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Nordström ◽  
Tommy Olsson ◽  
Peter Nordström
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Young Cohort ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Total Hip

Abstract Context: The effect of physical activity on bone mineral density (BMD) is not well investigated longitudinally after puberty in men. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the effect of exercise and reduced exercise on BMD after puberty in men. Design: We conducted a longitudinal study. Participants: Sixty-three healthy young athletes and 27 male controls, both with a mean age of 17 yr at baseline, participated. Also, 136 of the participants’ parents were investigated to evaluate heritable influences. Main Outcome Measures: Total body, total hip, femoral neck, and humerus BMD (grams per square centimeter) were measured at baseline and after mean periods of 27, 68, and 94 months in the young cohort. Results: BMDs of control parents and athlete parents were equal, suggesting absence of selection bias. The 23 athletes that remained active throughout the study increased BMD at all sites when compared with controls (mean difference, 0.04–0.12 g/cm2; P < 0.05) during the study period. After an average of 3 yr, 27 athletes ended their active careers. Although this group initially lost BMD at the hip compared with active athletes, the former athletes still had higher BMD than controls at the femoral neck (0.12 g/cm2; P = 0.007), total hip (0.11 g/cm2; P = 0.02), and humerus (0.10 g/cm2; P = 0.02) at the final follow-up. Conclusions: High sensitivity to physical loading persists after puberty in men. Reduced physical activity is associated with BMD loss in the first 3 yr in weight-bearing bone. Sustained benefits in BMD are preserved 5 yr after intensive training ends.

scholarly journals Relationship between Bone Mineral Density and Physical Activity Level in the Elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Monemi Amiri ◽  
Seyed Reza Hosseini ◽  
Farhad Rahmaninia ◽  
Hajighorban Nooreddini ◽  
Ali Bijani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition of Adult Premenopausal Women with Three Levels of Physical Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando D. Saraví ◽  
Fabiana Sayegh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sport Team

Weight-bearing and resistance physical activities are recommended for osteoporosis prevention, but it is unclear whether an intensity level above current recommendations has a positive effect on adult premenopausal women. Body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) by DXA were compared in three groups of women as follows: Sedentary, Maintenance exercise, and federated Sport Team (n=16for each group). Physical activity was estimated from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The groups did not differ in age, height, weight, or body mass index. Bone mineral content and non-fat soft tissue mass were higher and fat mass was lower in the Sport Team group than in the other groups. The same was true for BMD of total skeleton, lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip. A test for linear trend of body composition and BMD showed significant results when including all three groups. Simple and multiple regression analyses showed significant associations between physical activity level (or alternatively, years of participation in programmed physical activity) and bone mass measures at all sites except for the middle third of radius. It is concluded that a level of physical activity higher than that usually recommended benefits bone health in adult premenopausal women.

Irisin is associated with osteoporotic fractures independently of bone mineral density, body composition or daily physical activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Palermo ◽  
Rocky Strollo ◽  
Ernesto Maddaloni ◽  
Dario Tuccinardi ◽  
Luca D'Onofrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals 0856 Relationship Between A Composite Measure Of Sleep Health And Bone Mineral Density In A Sample Of Older Women From The Study Of Osteoporotic Fractures

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A326-A326
Author(s):  
A G Kubala ◽  
K J Sullivan ◽  
C E Kline ◽  
J A Cauley
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Composite Measure ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Introduction Observational studies suggest poor sleep is related to lower bone mineral density (BMD) and increased osteoporosis risk. Yet, many studies focus on sleep duration and lack inclusion of other sleep characteristics. The sleep health construct simultaneously recognizes multiple dimensions of sleep and is operationalized as a composite score. Thus, we examined whether a composite measure of sleep health was related to BMD in a sample of older women. Methods The sample included 1968 older women (mean age: 83.6 ± 3.1 years) from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. Six sleep health domains (regularity, duration, satisfaction, timing, efficiency, sleepiness/alertness) were dichotomized into either “good” or “poor” categories. The number of “good” characteristics were summed into a score ranging from 0 (poor) to 6 (good). BMD (g/cm2) was measured at the femoral neck, total hip, and trochanter sites with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the association between sleep health (composite score and the individual domains) with BMD (cross-sectional) and annualized percent change in BMD (longitudinal). All models were adjusted for age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, education, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, fracture history, and cardiovascular disease. Results Average sleep health score was 3.8±1.2. Cross-sectionally, better sleep health was associated with higher BMD at the femoral neck (β=.04, p=.04) and trochanter (β=.05, p=.02). Sleep health was not cross-sectionally associated with BMD at the total hip (β=.03, p=.09) or with change in BMD at any region (Each p >.13). The individual domain of sleep regularity was cross-sectionally related to BMD at the total hip and trochanter, respectively (β=.04, P=.04; β=.05, P=.02). Conclusion A multi-dimensional measure of sleep health was related to greater BMD cross-sectionally at the femoral neck and trochanter regions in a sample of older women. Future studies should focus on associations between sleep health and osteoporotic-related fractures. Support The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) is supported by National Institutes of Health funding. The National Institute on Aging (NIA) provides support under the following grant numbers: R01 AG005407, R01 AR35582, R01 AR35583, R01 AR35584, R01 AG005394, R01 AG027574, and R01 AG027576

scholarly journals Associations of IDUA and PTCH1 with Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Fractures in Chinese Elderly Patients with Osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifei Wang ◽  
Chong Tang ◽  
Junxiu Jia ◽  
Guangwu Zhang ◽  
Zheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Elderly Chinese ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Turnover Markers

Introduction. Osteoporosis (OP) is a common polygenic disorder in the aging population, and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA) gene and patched homolog 1 (PTCH1) gene regulate bone metabolism and affect bone mass. The study aimed at investigating the relationships of rs3755955 and rs6831280 in the IDUA gene and rs28377268 in the PTCH1 gene with bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs), and fractures in the elderly Chinese subjects with OP. Materials and Methods. A cohort of 328 unrelated senile osteoporosis (SOP) patients with or without osteoporotic fractures was recruited. rs3755955, rs6831280, and rs28377268 polymorphisms were identified using SNaPshot technology. BTM levels were determined by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Bone mineral densities (BMDs) at the lumbar spine (LS) and proximal femur sites were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in all subjects. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) test was performed. HWE P values and comparisons of genotype frequencies were estimated using the chi-square test. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for confounding factors was performed to investigate associations of SNPs with BMDs and BTMs in subgroups. Results. The chi-square test indicated that genotype distributions in the control group conformed to HWE (P>0.05). The distributions of allele and genotype frequencies of rs6831280 between fracture and osteoporotic participants were significantly different (P-allele=0.002 and P-genotype=0.012, respectively). Concerning rs6831280, ANCOVA found BMDs at LS 2-4 (L2-4) and total hip (TH) among the study subjects suffering from SOP with GA genotype were lower than in those carrying GG or AA (P-L2-4=0.004 and P-TH=0.027, respectively). Conclusions. IDUA rs6831280 is associated with BMDs at L2-4 and TH in the elderly Chinese population with SOP and may serve as a marker for the genetic susceptibility to osteoporotic fractures.

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