LEAD CONCENTRATIONS IN THE VENOUS BLOOD OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND IN THE CORD BLOOD AND SOME RESULTS OF A BENEFICIAL INTERVENTION (THE MIDDLE URALS EXPERIENCE)

Abstract Background Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily functioning as transcription factors to regulate cellular differentiation, development and metabolism. Moreover, it has been implicated in the regulation of lipid metabolism, as well as the maturation of monocytes/macrophages and the control of inflammatory reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the Pro12Ala (rs1808212) PPARG gene polymorphism on immune molecular and cellular components in mothers and their offspring participating in the PREOBE study. Methods DNA from maternal venous blood samples at 24, 34 and 40 gestational weeks, plus cord blood samples was extracted. Pro12Ala PPARG polymorphism genotyping was performed, and immune system markers were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Study findings revealed no effect of rs1808212 PPARG genotypes on innate immune parameters in mothers and their offspring; however, CD4 + /CD8 + ratio were decreased at 24 and 34 weeks in pregnant women carrying the CG (Pro12Ala) rs1808212 polymorphism, (p = 0,012 and p = 0,030; respectively). Only CD19 levels in peripheral blood were significantly higher at delivery in pregnant women carrying the CC (Pro12Pro) genotype (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in leukocytes and neutrophils maternal levels at 34 weeks of gestation, being lower in carriers of Pro12Ala genotype (p = 0.028 and p = 0.031, respectively). Conclusions Results suggest that Pro12Ala PPARG polymorphism may have an effect on some cell and immune parameters in pregnant women during pregnancy and at time of delivery. However, newborn innate immune system does not seems to be influenced by PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism in cord blood.

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Pro- to Anti-angiogenic Ratio in Preeclampsia

Current Women s Health Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573404814666180627164125 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 137-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Simmi Kharb ◽

Radha Tiwari ◽

Smiti Nanda

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Heme Oxygenase ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Soluble Endoglin ◽

Group 2 ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Background: During fetal development, human placenta undergoes both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. An imbalance in proangiogenic [placental growth factor (PlGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor] and antiangiogenic factors [soluble fms like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), soluble endoglin (sEng)] seems to play an important role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Heme oxygenase-1 HO-1 is induced by ROS (reactive oxygen species) and NO (nitric oxide) and was recently discovered to be involved in angiogenesis. Methods: Hence, the present study was designed to analyze the proangiogenic and antiangiogenic role of heme oxygenase-1 and endoglin in maternal and cord blood of normotensive and preeclamptic women. Fifty pregnant women were selected and grouped as group 1 (control, n=25) comprising of normotensive women immediately after delivery; group 2 (study group) comprising of age -and sex-matched preeclamptic women. Study samples were drawn (maternal venous blood and umbilical cord blood) and heme oxygenase-1 and endoglin levels were analyzed by competitive enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Results: Maternal and cord blood heme oxygenase-1 levels were significantly elevated in preeclamptic mothers as compared to normotensive pregnant women (p<0.001). Serum and cord blood endoglin levels were significantly lower in preeclamptic women as compared to normotensive pregnant women (p<0.001). HO-1/Eng ratio was drastically doubled in preeclamptics as compared to normotensive pregnant women. In normotensive [HO]/ [Eng+ IGF] were lower in normotensive pregnant and drastically increased in preeclamptics. Conclusion: The findings of a present study indicating a shift towards antiangiogenic profile in women with preeclampsia confirm their possible role to induce characteristic clinical manifestations of preeclampsia such as proteinuria and hypertension.

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Higher Levels of Triglyceride, Fatty Acid Translocase, and Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Lower Level of HDL-C in Pregnant Women with GDM and Their Close Correlation with Neonatal Weight

Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation ◽

10.1159/000510032 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Jianli Zhou ◽

Jie Bai ◽

Yanjuan Guo ◽

Lijun Fu ◽

Jun Xing

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Maternal Blood ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Toll Like Receptor 4

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare the levels of maternal blood lipids, placental and venous blood lipid transporters, and inflammatory factor receptors in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We also aimed to figure out the relationship between these values and neonatal weight. Methods: Fifty pregnant women with GDM under blood glucose control belong to the case group, and 50 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance in concurrent delivery belong to the control group. Fasting venous blood of these pregnant women was taken 2 weeks before delivery, and umbilical cord blood was collected after delivery. The levels of triglyceride (TG), serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in maternal blood and umbilical cord blood were tested in the laboratory department of our hospital. The level of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in serum of umbilical veins was detected by the double-antibody sandwich ELISA. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of TLR4, LPL, and FAT/CD36 in the placenta. Results: The level of TG in maternal blood in the case group was remarkably higher than that in the control group, which was opposite to the level of HDL-C. In the umbilical cord blood of women with GDM, the expression of TLR4 increased and was closely correlated with neonatal weight. In the placenta of women with GDM, the expressions of FAT/CD36 and TLR4 increased, and both of them were closely correlated with neonatal weight. Besides, TLR4 in umbilical cord blood increased and was closely correlated with neonatal weight. Although the expression of LPL in the placenta decreased, it had no obvious correlation with neonatal weight. Conclusions: TG in maternal blood, TLR4 in the placenta and umbilical cord blood, and FAT/CD36 in the placenta were positively correlated with neonatal weight. However, HDL-C in maternal blood was negatively correlated with neonatal weight. Although the expression of LPL in the placenta reduced due to GDM, it had no correlation with neonatal weight.

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THE APPLICATION OF GAS-LIQUID RADIOCHROMATOGRAPHY TO THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF STEROIDS IN THE PERIPHERAL VENOUS BLOOD OF NON-PREGNANT WOMEN

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.049s204 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 49 (3_Suppl) ◽

pp. S204

Author(s):

Ian F. Sommerville ◽

Brian M. Sheerin ◽

William P. Collins ◽

Heather Wyman

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Determination ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Peripheral Venous Blood

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Treatment of maternal hyperthyroidism with antithyroid agents and changes in thyrotrophin and thyroxine in the newborn

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0970186 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 186-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

B.-A. Lamberg ◽

E. Ikonen ◽

K. Teramo ◽

G. Wägar ◽

K. Österlund ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Test ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Antithyroid Drug ◽

Clinical Indication ◽

Antithyroid Drugs ◽

Serum Thyroxine ◽

Antithyroid Agents ◽

Serum Tsh

Abstract. Eleven pregnant women with concomitant hyperthyroidism were treated with antithyroid drugs. At monthly intervals serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were measured with radioimmunoassay, the Sephadex uptake of radioactive triiodothyronine (T3U) determined and the free T4 and T3 indices calculated (FT4I, FT3I). TSH-binding inhibiting immunoglobulins (TBII) were determined by the radiomembrane assay. Serum TSH and T4 were measured at delivery from cord blood and/or from the newborn infants some days after birth. Serum TSH was significantly elevated in one infant. There was an inadequate post-partal rise in serum T4 concentration in this child and in another who showed only a marginal elevation of TSH. The mothers of these infants were given carbimazole in doses of 30 and 25 mg/day, respectively, at the time of delivery. No significant changes were seen in other infants, the daily doses being 20 mg of carbimazole or less. There was no clinical indication of hypo- or hyperthyroidism in any of the newborn. The TBII were positive in most patients and there was a trend of normalization during treatment. No relationship between the dose of antithyroid drug and the level of TBII could be seen. During treatment the dose was adjusted according to the FT3I values. This seems to be an adequate laboratory test for this purpose.

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The first results of isotopic (U-Pb, ID-TIMS) dating of individual zircon grains from dolerite dikes of the Eastern zone of the Urals

LITOSFERA ◽

10.24930/1681-9004-2020-20-2-224-230 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 224-230

Author(s):

V. N. Smirnov ◽

K. S. Ivanov ◽

T. V. Bayanova

Keyword(s):

Isotope Geochemistry ◽

Early Carboniferous ◽

Dynamic Mode ◽

Middle Urals ◽

Volcanic Complex ◽

The Urals ◽

Electron Multiplier ◽

The Middle Urals ◽

Eastern Zone ◽

First Results

Research subject. The article presents the results of dating two dolerite dikes differing in geochemical features from a section along the Iset river in the area of Smolinskoe settlement (the Eastern zone of the Middle Urals). Materials and methods. The dating was performed by an U-Pb ID-TIMS technique for single zircon grains using an artificial 205Pb/235U tracer in the laboratory of geochronology and isotope geochemistry of the Geological Institute of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The lead isotopic composition and uranium and lead concentrations were measured using a Finnigan-MAT (RPQ) seven-channel mass spectrometer in dynamic mode using a secondary electron multiplier and RPQ quadrupole in ion counting mode. Results. The dikes were dated 330 ± 3 Ma and 240 ± 2 Ma. Conclusions. The research results indicate different ages of dolerite dikes developed within the Eastern zone of the Middle Urals. The oldest of the two established age levels corresponds to the Early Carboniferous era. This fact, along with the proximity of the dolerites to the petrochemical features of the basaltoids of the Early Carboniferous Beklenischevsky volcanic complex, allows these bodies to be considered as hypabyssal comagmates of these volcanics. The youngest obtained age level – Triassic – indicates that the introduction of some dolerite dikes was associated with the final phases of the trapp formation developed rarely within the eastern outskirts of the Urals and widely further east in the foundation (pre-Jurassic basement) of the West-Siberian Plate.

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Sertraline concentrations in pregnant women are steady and the drug transfer to their infants is low

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.1007/s00228-021-03122-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

E. Heinonen ◽

M. Blennow ◽

M. Blomdahl-Wetterholm ◽

M. Hovstadius ◽

J. Nasiell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Relative Difference ◽

Interindividual Variation ◽

Therapeutic Drug ◽

Cytochrome P450 Enzyme ◽

Second Trimester ◽

P450 Enzyme ◽

Placental Passage

Abstract Purpose Sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is one of the most commonly used antidepressant during pregnancy. Plasma sertraline concentrations vary markedly between individuals, partly explained by variability in hepatic drug metabolizing cytochrome P450-enzyme activity. Our purpose was to study the variability in the plasma concentrations in pregnant women and the passage to their infants. Method Pregnant women with moderate untreated depression were recruited in 2016–2019 in Stockholm Region and randomized to treatment with sertraline or placebo. All received Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy as non-medical treatment. Sertraline plasma concentrations were measured around pregnancy weeks 21 and 30, at delivery, 1-month postpartum, in cord blood and at 48 h of age in the infant. The clinical course of the infants was followed. Results Nine mothers and 7 infants were included in the analysis. Median dose-adjusted sertraline concentration in second trimester was 0.15(ng/mL) /(mg/day), in third trimester and at delivery 0.19 and 1-month postpartum 0.25, with a 67% relative difference between second trimester and postpartum. The interindividual variation was 10-fold. Median concentrations in the infants were 33% and 25% of their mothers’, measured in cord blood, and infant plasma, respectively. Only mild and transient adverse effects were seen on the infants. Conclusion Placental passage of sertraline to the infant is low. However, the interindividual variation in maternal concentrations during pregnancy is huge, why therapeutic drug monitoring might assist in finding the poor metabolizers at risk for adversity and increase the safety of the treatment. Trial registration The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov July 9, 2014 with TRN: NCT02185547.

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Maternal understanding of commercial cord blood storage for their offspring - a survey among pregnant women in Hong Kong

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0412.2011.01201.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 90 (9) ◽

pp. 1005-1009 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

STEPHEN SIK HUNG SUEN ◽

TERENCE T LAO ◽

OI KA CHAN ◽

THOMAS KAM ON KOU ◽

SAMMY CHUNG SUM CHAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Blood Storage

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Biomarkers for a histological chorioamnionitis diagnosis in pregnant women with or without group B streptococcus infection: a case-control study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03731-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jie Ren ◽

Zhe Qiang ◽

Yuan-yuan Li ◽

Jun-na Zhang

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Group B ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Chorioamnionitis may cause serious perinatal and neonatal adverse outcomes, and group B streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most common bacteria isolated from human chorioamnionitis. The present study analyzed the impact of GBS infection and histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) on pregnancy outcomes and the diagnostic value of various biomarkers. Methods Pregnant women were grouped according to GBS infection and HCA detection. Perinatal and neonatal adverse outcomes were recorded with a follow-up period of 6 weeks. The white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil ratio, and C-reactive protein (CRP) level from peripheral blood and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels from cord blood were assessed. Results A total of 371 pregnant women were included. Pregnant women with GBS infection or HCA had a higher risk of pathological jaundice and premature rupture of membranes and higher levels of sICAM-1, IL-8, and TNF-α in umbilical cord blood. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis revealed that sICMA-1, IL-8, TNF-α, WBC, and CRP were significantly related to an increased HCA risk. For all included pregnant women, TNF-α had the largest receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area (area: 0.841; 95% CI: 0.778–0.904) of the biomarkers analyzed. TNF-α still had the largest area under the ROC curve (area: 0.898; 95% CI: 0.814–0.982) for non-GBS-infected pregnant women, who also exhibited a higher neutrophil ratio (area: 0.815; 95% CI: 0.645–0.985) and WBC (area: 0.849; 95% CI: 0.72–0.978), but all biomarkers had lower value in the diagnosis of HCA in GBS-infected pregnant women. Conclusion GBS infection and HCA correlated with several perinatal and neonatal adverse outcomes. TNF-α in cord blood and WBCs in peripheral blood had diagnostic value for HCA in non-GBS-infected pregnant women but not GBS-infected pregnant women.

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