Association of PM2.5 Exposure and Health Outcomes in a Representative Population Sample of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area Using Satellite and Monitor-Based Exposure Estimations

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha María Téllez-Rojo ◽  
Stephen J. Rothenberg ◽  
José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador ◽  
Allan Just ◽  
Itai Kloog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Pm2.5 Exposure

scholarly journals A Health Risk Assessment of Lead and Other Metals in Pharmaceutical Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements Containing Ginkgo biloba in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8285
Author(s):  
Patricia Rojas ◽  
Elizabeth Ruiz-Sánchez ◽  
Camilo Ríos ◽  
Ángel Ruiz-Chow ◽  
Aldo A. Reséndiz-Albor
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Herbal Products

The use of the medicinal plant Ginkgo biloba has increased worldwide. However, G. biloba is capable of assimilating both essential and toxic metals, and the ingestion of contaminated products can cause damage to health. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) in 26 items containing Ginkgo biloba (pharmaceutical herbal products, dietary supplements, and traditional herbal remedies) purchased in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. Metal analysis was performed using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. All of the products were contaminated with Pb, 54% of them with As, and 81% with Cd. The lowest values of Pb, As, and Cd were detected in pharmaceutical herbal products > dietary supplements > traditional herbal remedies. The daily intake dose (DID) of pharmaceutical herbal products was within the established limits for the five metals. Dietary supplements and traditional herbal remedies exceeded the DID limits for Pb. The hazard quotients estimation and non-carcinogenic cumulative hazard estimation index for Mn, As, and Cd indicated no human health risk. Our results suggest that products containing G. biloba for sale in Mexico are not a health risk.

scholarly journals Exposure to PM2.5 and Obesity Prevalence in the Greater Mexico City Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2301
Author(s):  
Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz ◽  
Martha María Téllez-Rojo ◽  
Stephen J. Rothenberg ◽  
Ivan Gutiérrez-Avila ◽  
Allan Carpenter Just ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
City Area ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Pm2.5 Exposure ◽  
Greater Mexico ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression

Exposure to PM2.5 has been associated with the prevalence of obesity. In the Greater Mexico City Area (GMCA), both are ranked among the highest in the world. Our aim was to analyze this association in children, adolescents, and adults in the GMCA. We used data from the 2006 and 2012 Mexican National Surveys of Health and Nutrition (ENSANUT). Participants’ past-year exposure to ambient PM2.5 was assessed using land use terms and satellite-derived aerosol optical depth estimates; weight and height were measured. We used survey-adjusted logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of obesity (vs. normal-overweight) for every 10 µg/m3 increase in annual PM2.5 exposure for children, adolescents, and adults. Using a meta-analysis approach, we estimated the overall odds of obesity. We analyzed data representing 19.3 million and 20.9 million GMCA individuals from ENSANUT 2006 and 2012, respectively. The overall pooled estimate between PM2.5 exposure and obesity was OR = 1.96 (95% CI: 1.21, 3.18). For adolescents, a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with an OR of 3.53 (95% CI: 1.45, 8.58) and 3.79 (95% CI: 1.40, 10.24) in 2006 and 2012, respectively. More studies such as this are recommended in Latin American cities with similar air pollution and obesity conditions.

Fuel-based motor vehicle emission inventory for the metropolitan area of Mexico city

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Schifter ◽  
L. Díaz ◽  
V. Múgica ◽  
E. López-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Emission

Indicators of environmental contamination by heavy metals in leaves of Taraxacum officinale in two zones of the metropolitan area of Mexico City

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 4739-4749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Gómez-Arroyo ◽  
Arisbel Barba-García ◽  
Francisco Arenas-Huertero ◽  
Josefina Cortés-Eslava ◽  
Michel Grutter de la Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale

Impact of sulfur-in-gasoline on motor vehicle emissions in the metropolitan area of Mexico City☆

Fuel ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (13) ◽  
pp. 1605-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Schifter ◽  
L Dı́az ◽  
M Vera ◽  
E Guzmán ◽  
E López-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Emissions

scholarly journals In situ measurements of speciated atmospheric mercury and the identification of source regions in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Rutter ◽  
D. C. Snyder ◽  
E. A. Stone ◽  
J. J. Schauer ◽  
R. Gonzalez-Abraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Atmospheric Mercury ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Rural Sites

Abstract. In order to expand the currently limited understanding of atmospheric mercury source-receptor relationships in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, real time measurements of atmospheric mercury were made at a downtown urban site, and a rural site on the outskirts of Mexico City, during March 2006. Numerous short-lived increases in particulate mercury (PHg) and reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) concentrations were observed at the urban site during the 17 day study, and less frequent increases in gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) concentrations were measured at both the urban and rural sites. The episodic increases observed were attributed to plume impacts from industrial point source emissions in and around Mexico City. Average concentrations and standard deviations measured during the study were as follows: i) urban site; PHg=187±300 pg m−3, RGM=62±64 pg m−3, GEM=7.2±4.8 ng m−3, and; ii) rural site; GEM=5.0±2.8 ng m−3. Several source regions of atmospheric mercury to the urban and rural sites were determined using Concentration Field Analysis, in which atmospheric mercury measurements were combined with back trajectory data to determine source regions. Only some source regions correlated to mercury emission sources listed in the Federal Pollutant Release and Transfer Register, leaving the rest unaccounted for. Contributions of anthropogenic mercury point sources in and around Mexico City to concentration averages measured at the urban site during the study were estimated to be: 93±3% of reactive mercury (PHg and RGM), and; 81±0.4% of GEM. Point source contributions to GEM measured at the rural site were 72±1%. GEM and reactive mercury (PHg+RGM) were not found to correlate with biomass burning at either of the measurement sites.

scholarly journals Warm Spells and Climate Risk to Human Health in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-365
Author(s):  
Nuria Vargas ◽  
Víctor Magaña
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Canopy Layer

AbstractDuring the second half of the twentieth century, rapid demographic growth and urban expansion led to the development of the Mexico City metropolitan area (MCMA) urban heat island (UHI). The thermal gradient between rural and urban regions is used to define the UHI in the transition zone along the 26°C isotherm of mean maximum temperature. As the MCMA expands, more natural vegetation is replaced with urbanization, and the spatial extent of the 26°C isotherm grows. The loss of natural vegetation, in a densely populated region of Mexico, leads to the formation of a canopy-layer UHI. The intensification of the MCMA UHI results in an increase in the frequency of daily maximum temperatures above 30°C (above 26°C on a weekly average), a threshold value that constitutes a natural hazard. Warm-spell occurrences are related to an increase in the number of acute diarrhea diseases (ADD), mainly in zones of the MCMA where the socioeconomic and environmental conditions are low (e.g., insufficient access to potable water). Vulnerable people are mostly located in new settlements along the periphery of the MCMA, where large numbers of hospital discharges due to ADD are reported. The combined effect of more frequent warm spells and increasing vulnerability results in higher levels of risk of suffering this type of health problem, mainly during the warmest part of the year. This analysis may serve to develop UHI mitigation strategies and early warning systems to manage high levels of ADD risk during warm spells.

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