Low-Density Lipoprotein Subfraction as a New Risk Factor for Silent Cerebral Infarction in Hypertensive Patients

Introduction: Hypertension and dyslipidemia are the two coexisting and synergizing major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The cellular constituents of blood affect the volume and viscosity of blood, thus playing a key role in regulating blood pressure. Overweight and obesity are key determinants of adverse metabolic changes including an increase in blood pressure. The aim of this study was to evaluate lipid profiles and hematological parameters in hypertensive patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 eligible hypertensive patients at the hospital. The required amount of blood was withdrawn from the patients by healthcare professionals for immediate automated laboratory analyses. Data were collected on socio-demographic factors, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and hematological parameters. Result: The mean serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein were significantly higher than their respective cut-off values in the hypertensive patients. Besides, 54%, 52%, 35%, and 11% of the hypertensive patients had abnormal low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein levels, respectively. Higher levels of low-density lipoprotein, hemoglobin, and red blood cell count were observed in the hypertensive patients whose blood pressure had been poorly controlled than the controlled ones ( p < 0.05). Waist circumference had a significant positive association with the serum levels of total cholesterol and white blood cell count ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Hypertensive patients had a high prevalence of lipid profile abnormalities and poorly controlled blood pressure which synergize in accelerating other cardiovascular diseases. Some hematological parameters such as red blood cell count are also increased as do the severity of hypertension.

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Lipids, lipoproteins, and atherogenesis

Hyperlipidaemia ◽

10.1093/med/9780199543502.003.0002 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 11-24

Author(s):

Joanna Gouni-Berthold ◽

Wilhelm Krone

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Apolipoprotein A ◽

Low Hdl ◽

Lipids And Lipoproteins

• Lipids and lipoproteins have a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. • The concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is strongly and directly related to risk of atherosclerosis whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is inversly related, low HDL being an independent risk factor. • The role of plasma triglycerides is less well defined. • The ratio of apolipoprotein B (the major apolipoprotein of LDL) to apolipoprotein A-1 (the major apolipoprotein of HDL) is emerging as the best predictor of atherosclerotic risk.

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Cholesterol to protein ratio of very low density lipoproteins determines the low density lipoprotein subfraction profile in familial combined hyperlipidemia

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/0021-9150(95)96512-q ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 115 ◽

pp. S68

Author(s):

S.J.H. Bredie ◽

P.N.M. Demacker ◽

A.F.H. Stalenhoef

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density Lipoproteins ◽

Low Density ◽

Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia ◽

Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽

Protein Ratio ◽

Lipoprotein Subfraction

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2.P.182 Low density lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LDL-PLA2) as a risk factor for coronary artery disease

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/s0021-9150(97)88817-x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 134 (1-2) ◽

pp. 154

Author(s):

M.J. Caslake ◽

C. McPhee ◽

K.E. Suckling ◽

S. Holmes ◽

P. Chamberlain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Phospholipase A2 ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Artery Disease

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Lifestyle and impact on cardiovascular risk factor control in coronary patients across 27 countries: Results from the European Society of Cardiology ESC-EORP EUROASPIRE V registry

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1177/2047487318825350 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (8) ◽

pp. 824-835 ◽

Cited By ~ 138

Author(s):

Kornelia Kotseva ◽

Guy De Backer ◽

Dirk De Bacquer ◽

Lars Rydén ◽

Arno Hoes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cardiovascular Prevention ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Coronary Patients

Aims The aim of this study was to determine whether the Joint European Societies guidelines on secondary cardiovascular prevention are followed in everyday practice. Design A cross-sectional ESC-EORP survey (EUROASPIRE V) at 131 centres in 81 regions in 27 countries. Methods Patients (<80 years old) with verified coronary artery events or interventions were interviewed and examined ≥6 months later. Results A total of 8261 patients (females 26%) were interviewed. Nineteen per cent smoked and 55% of them were persistent smokers, 38% were obese (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), 59% were centrally obese (waist circumference: men ≥102 cm; women ≥88 cm) while 66% were physically active <30 min 5 times/week. Forty-two per cent had a blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg (≥140/85 if diabetic), 71% had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥1.8 mmol/L (≥70 mg/dL) and 29% reported having diabetes. Cardioprotective medication was: anti-platelets 93%, beta-blockers 81%, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers 75% and statins 80%. Conclusion A large majority of coronary patients have unhealthy lifestyles in terms of smoking, diet and sedentary behaviour, which adversely impacts major cardiovascular risk factors. A majority did not achieve their blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose targets. Cardiovascular prevention requires modern preventive cardiology programmes delivered by interdisciplinary teams of healthcare professionals addressing all aspects of lifestyle and risk factor management, in order to reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events.

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Association of Polymorphisms Modulating Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol with Susceptibility, Severity, and Progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.120954 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 798-808 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yune-Jung Park ◽

Seung-Ah Yoo ◽

Susanna Choi ◽

Hee-Soo Yoo ◽

Ho-Sung Yoon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Radiographic Progression ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Radiographic Severity ◽

Genotype Score

Objective.Dyslipidemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, is more prevalent in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than in the general population. We investigated whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) modulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol affect susceptibility, severity, and progression of RA.Methods.We enrolled 302 patients with RA and 1636 healthy controls, and investigated the SNP modulating LDL cholesterol. Clinical characteristics of RA, serum adipocytokine concentrations, and radiographic severity were analyzed according to genotype score based on the number of unfavorable alleles. The influence of genotype score on radiographic progression was also investigated using multivariable logistic models.Results.We identified 3 SNP (rs688, rs693, and rs4420638) modulating LDL cholesterol in Koreans, which correlated well with LDL cholesterol levels in both patients with RA and controls. Among them, 2 SNP, rs688 and rs4420638, were more prevalent in patients with RA than in controls. In patients with RA carrying more unfavorable alleles (genotype score ≥ 3), disease activity measures, serum adipocytokine levels, and radiographic severity were all increased. The genotype score was an independent risk factor for radiographic progression of RA over 2 years, and its effect was greater than the influence of conventional risk factors.Conclusion.SNP modulating LDL cholesterol influence the risk, activity, and severity of RA. These results provide the first evidence that genetic mechanisms linked to dyslipidemia may directly contribute to the susceptibility and prognosis of RA, a representative of chronic inflammatory diseases, explaining the high incidence of dyslipidemia in RA.

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