scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Analysis of Groundwater Quality of Adjoining Areas of Sambhar Lake, A Ramsar Wetland of Rajasthan, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1039-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H Bhat ◽  
K. C Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Lake City

Water is not only essential for drinking but also needed for agriculture and industrial use. However, for safe and sustainable use of water for any sector, its quality is to be ensured. Therefore, the study was carried out for water quality of samples collected from different sites in the Lake periphery as well as in the catchment areas. Groundwater samples were collected from different locations of Sambhar Lake city and its adjoining area for their physico-chemical studies. The standard methods of APHA were used to analysis 8 samples collected from hand pumps, bore wells and tube wells of the specified area. The analytical results show pH varies between 7.4-8.6, Electrical conductivity between 1723 µs/cm-23400 µs/cm, Total hardness between 402.0 mg/l-3657.0 mg/l, Calcium between 103.21 mg/l-943.43 mg/l, Alkalinity between 309.69 mg/l-496.92 mg/l, Chloride between 543.0 mg/l-9926.0 mg/l, Magnesium 35.11 mg/l-316.0 mg/l, Total dissolved solids between 1175 mg/l-14900 mg/l, Sulphate between 117.6 mg/l-943.98 mg/l, Fluoride between 0.69 mg/l-2.01 mg/l, Nitrate between 7.69 mg/l-28.45 mg/l, Iron between 0.19 mg/l-0.42 mg/l, Boron between 0.76 mg/l-1.98 mg/l, Zinc between 0.01 mg/l-0.97 mg/l, Chromium between 0.012 mg/l -0.033 mg/l, Copper between 0.037 mg/l -0.065 mg/l, Manganese between 0.11 mg/l-0.97 mg/l, Lead 0.011 mg/l-0.12 mg/l, Sodium 67.0 mg/l -2312.0 mg/l, Potassium 3.40 mg/l -18.90 mg/l.

scholarly journals Study on Some Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Ground Water of District Rampur - A Statistical Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susheel Kumar Sindhu ◽  
Amit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Total Dissolve Solid ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Domestic Purpose

A systematic study has been carried out to explore the water quality index of ground water of various tehsils of Rampur district. Twenty five water samples from tube wells, open wells and hand pumps at various locations were collected and analyzed for pH, nitrate, turbidity, total dissolve solid, chlorides, total hardness, alkalinity and fluoride. In this study overall water quality of Rampur district is very poor and unsuitable for drinking purpose. Water quality of Bilaspur, Shahabad and Rampur city shows that water may not be used for drinking as well as domestic purpose. Present study recommends that the top priority should be given to water quality monitoring and indigenous technologies should be adopted to make water fit for drinking after treatment such as defluoridation, desalination.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Studies of Ground Water and Filter Water Samples in Ramanagra Taluk, Ramanagara District, Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
P. Nagegowda ◽  
A R Chethankumar
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Warning Signal ◽  
Magnesium Nitrate ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Filter Water ◽  
Water Filters

The main objective of our study was to convey the importance of water to mankind. We can survive without food for several weeks, because our body will gradually switch to using stored fat and protein to make its energy, but cutoff of water supply leads to death of mankind within few days. Around two third of our body is water. On average we need 2.4 liters of water on each day to keep us healthy that’s the only reason people spend so much of money on water filters that will remove harmful impurities. In the early ages before the existence of filters, tubehole water was one of the sources of drinking water in our taluk. But according to the analysis in the recent years we found that this tubehole water had contamination of fluoride (2). In the later years many research scholars took initiative for the removal of fluoride in the tubehole water. This initiated us to make a comparative study to assess the quality of both filter and tubehole water found in the region of Ramanagara Taluk. Unfortunately through our research we found that some of the water samples were unfit for drinking. Water samples of few areas were selected for qualitative analysis of water. Water samples were analyzed for examination of pH, alkalinity, acidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, calcium, chlorine, magnesium, nitrate, fluoride and sulphate. It is important to monitor the physical properties of both filter and tubehole water, as it is a early warning signal that something is happening to water.

scholarly journals Hydrochemistry and Quality assessment of Groundwater from Constituency Water Projects, Pategi Local Government Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Gana
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Baseline Information

Water is vital for life sustenance hence adequate, safe and accessible supply must be made available to all. The remote village of Tankpaful located in the town of Pategi has recently witnessed the installation of new boreholes to harness groundwater as an improved source of drinking water. However, there is no known information about the quality of these sources. Hence, this paper aims to investigate the quality of groundwater samples from these boreholes in terms of their physico-chemical, heavy metals and biological parameters and also provide baseline information about the nature of the underground aquifer in this community. Groundwater samples (n=20) were obtained from randomly selected boreholes in the study area and examined for their physicochemical, heavy metal and biological parameters following standard procedures recommended by the American Public Health Association and compared to guideline values. Pearson’s correlation test was done to examine the relationship between measured parameters. With the exception of pH (5.58) and total hardness (296.99mg/L), all physico-chemical parameters were within guideline values specified by the WHO and SON. For heavy metals, mean values for Iron (0.32mg/L), Chromium (0.22mg/L) and Nickel (0.4mg/L) were found to exceed the given standard limits as well. The findings revealed that boreholes were mainly acidic which could be of natural origin such as mineral dissolution. Based on correlation analysis, the major mineral groups contributing to total hardness is the K-Cl group (1.00). We recommend that regular monitoring should be done to ensure guideline values are not breached while residents should be educated on the need to maintain these water sources to prevent deterioration.

scholarly journals Some indicators of water quality of the Tamis river

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Babovic ◽  
Dejan Markovic ◽  
Vojkan Dimitrijevic ◽  
Dragan Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

This paper shows the results obtained in field analysis performed at the Tamis River, starting from the settlement Jasa Tomic - border between Serbia and Romania to Pancevo - confluence of Tamis into the Danube. The Tamis is a 359 km long river rising in the southern Carpathian Mountains. It flows through the Banat region and flows into the Danube near Pancevo. During the years the water quality of the river has severely deteriorated and badly affected the environment and the river ecosystem. In situ measurements enabled determination of physico-chemical parameters of water quality of the Tamis River on every 400 m of the watercourse, such as: water temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity, contents of dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation. The main reason of higher pollution of Tamis is seen in connection to DTD hydro system. Sampling was performed at 7 points with regard to color, turbidity, total hardness, alkalinity, concentration of ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, iron, chlorides and sulphates in samples. The aim of the present work was to evaluate water quality in the Tamis River taking into account significant pollution, which originates from settlements, industry and agriculture, and to suggest appropriate preventive measures to further pollution decreasing of the river's water.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Quality of Groundwater in a Textile Dyeing Industrial Area in Erode City, Tamilnadu, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1033-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Palanisamy ◽  
S. K. Kavitha
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Textile Dyeing ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Standard Values

Groundwater samples were collected in Erode city, Tamilnadu, from an area having large number of textile dyeing units. Though people residing in this area use river water supplied by local bodies as their major source for drinking, groundwater is also used as complementary source. The samples collected were subjected to systematic analysis using the standard methods and procedures. The values obtained for different physicochemical parameters were compared with the standard values given by ISI/ WHO. Variations in many physicochemical parameters were observed for most of the samples when compared to the standard values. More than half of the samples collected had their EC, TDS, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sulphate and chloride exceeding their acceptable limits. This attempt has been made to determine the quality of groundwater in the study area confirms the deterioration of groundwater quality in the area and calls for some effective measures to be taken urgently to minimize the adverse impacts that may occur due to the contamination of groundwater.

scholarly journals Assessment of Ground Water Contamination by Inorganic Impurities in Ferozepur District of Punjab State, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521
Author(s):  
Gurjeet Kaur ◽  
Sangeeta Sharma ◽  
Umesh Kumar Garg
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Ground Water Contamination ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Physico Chemical

Malwa region of Punjab state, India has become the center of water borne diseases due to excessive use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, heavy metals, industrial toxins that cause toxicity in water. The main contamination in ground water is by physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals i.e. pH, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, chlorides, fluorides, arsenic and lead. The contamination of ground water with heavy metals causes health hazards to humans and animals. Due to lack of adequate facilities and resources for the management and handling of waste, the ground water contamination has been increased. In the present study, assessment of ground water quality was carried out in the villages of Ferozepur district of Punjab state, India. With main emphasis on analyzing the groundwater parameters of Ferozepur district which are responsible for health hazard to humans and animals. Various groundwater samples were collected randomly from the villages of Ferozepur district and analyzed for pH, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, chlorides, fluorides, heavy metals (arsenic and lead) using standard procedures. The concentrations of calcium, chlorides, fluorides and pH were within the permissible limits, whereas, alkalinity and total hardness were observed beyond permissible limits in most of the water samples. Even among majority of the samples taken, the concentration of arsenic and lead was found within the permissible limits. Results showed that the ground water samples collected from depth ranging from 100 to 360 ft, recorded values within permissible limits for drinking purpose as prescribed by WHO. Further, ANOVA has been applied on analysis results to study the effect of pH on fluoride and chloride, depth on fluoride and chloride and depth on arsenic and lead. Also, to adjudge the overall quality of water in Ferozepur district, the water quality index (WQI) has been calculated on the basis of large number of physico-chemical characteristics of water. The water quality index of ground water in Ferozepur district has been calculated to be 107. The value is close to 100 so the quality of ground water in Ferozepur district can be categorized under 'Good Quality' water.

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Ilorin Metropolis using Water Quality Index Approach

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
JA Olatunji ◽  
OA Odediran ◽  
RI Obaro ◽  
PI Olasehinde
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Index Approach ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Groundwater as a source of potable water is becoming more important in Nigeria. Therefore, the need to ascertain the continuing potability of the sources cannot be over emphasised. This study is aimed at assessing the quality of selected groundwater samples from Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria, using the water quality index (WQI) method. Twenty two water samples were collected, 10 samples from boreholes and 12 samples from hand dug wells. All these were analysed for their physico – chemical properties. The parameters used for calculating the water quality index include the following: pH, total hardness, total dissolved solid, calcium, fluoride, iron, potassium, sulphate, nitrate and carbonate. The water quality index for the twenty two samples ranged from 0.66 to 756.02 with an average of 80.77. Two of the samples exceeded 100, which is the upper limit for safe drinking water. The high values of WQI from the sampling locations are observed to be due to higher values of iron and fluoride. This study reveals that the investigated groundwaters are mostly potable and can be consumed without treatment. Nonetheless, the sources identified to be unsafe should be treated before consumption.KEYWORDS: groundwater, water quality index, potability, physico - chemical, parameter

scholarly journals Assessment of Phytoplankton Diversityin Midstream of Achankovil River during Monsoon and Post Monsoon Seasons

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-623
Author(s):  
Meera Krishnan ◽  
Praveen Dhar ◽  
Sreejai R ◽  
Sreeja Thankappan
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Waste Dump ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Physico Chemical

Algae are organisms with size ranging from microscopic to hundred feet to large seaweeds. The present study focuseson the algal diversity in Pandalam area of Achankovil river, Kerala, India. Pilgrims of Sabarimala uses the water of Achankovil River for various sanitary purposes and there by waste dump in river may cause water pollution and related ecological problems.Water samples werecollected during the monsoon and post monsoon seasons in the early morning before increasing the intensity of sunlight. Phytoplanktonic forms were collected using plankton net.The analysis of physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity and productivity show a slight variation in mean value during the two seasons. The study reveals presence of forty one algal genera belongings to four algal classes.Theresults showed that parameters such as dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, total hardness and silicate indicatevariations with relation to seasons.The variations and distribution of phytoplankton and changes in physico-chemical parameters in freshwater helps to know the water quality of the river.

scholarly journals Grade Card Method of Ground Water Health Evaluation of Mustoor Sub-Watershed Chikballapur Taluk Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1816-1821
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Common People ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Iron Fluoride ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Common

Ground water occurs commonly and is widely distributed and is the most reliable resource the quality of ground water needs to be monitored and preserved. In this study, as a part of the research work an attempt is made to assess the health of ground water in Mustoor sub-watershed. 11 Samples are selected from the influencing major villages and villages with surface waterbody in the sub watershed. A water grade card is an aid to educate and remind about the conditions of naturally available water resource around the users with the help of Water Quality Index method in comparison with Indian Standards IS 10500. Multi-metric indicators and indices aid to build a water grade card, in this study 11 samples of ground water are tested for eight selected Physico-chemical parameters (pH, turbidity, iron, fluoride, chloride, nitrate, total dissolved solids and total hardness) in March and October months, 2018 as Pre and Post Monsoon months. GWQI method helps in assigning the grades. It is intended for diverse users: like any individuals and institutions to policymakers and planners. The indicators collectively provide the overall health that is scored and is graded to report the condition or quality of the groundwater in the sub watershed in a better understanding way to the common people with the help of grades.

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