scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Studies of Ground Water and Filter Water Samples in Ramanagra Taluk, Ramanagara District, Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
P. Nagegowda ◽  
A R Chethankumar
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Warning Signal ◽  
Magnesium Nitrate ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Filter Water ◽  
Water Filters

The main objective of our study was to convey the importance of water to mankind. We can survive without food for several weeks, because our body will gradually switch to using stored fat and protein to make its energy, but cutoff of water supply leads to death of mankind within few days. Around two third of our body is water. On average we need 2.4 liters of water on each day to keep us healthy that’s the only reason people spend so much of money on water filters that will remove harmful impurities. In the early ages before the existence of filters, tubehole water was one of the sources of drinking water in our taluk. But according to the analysis in the recent years we found that this tubehole water had contamination of fluoride (2). In the later years many research scholars took initiative for the removal of fluoride in the tubehole water. This initiated us to make a comparative study to assess the quality of both filter and tubehole water found in the region of Ramanagara Taluk. Unfortunately through our research we found that some of the water samples were unfit for drinking. Water samples of few areas were selected for qualitative analysis of water. Water samples were analyzed for examination of pH, alkalinity, acidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, calcium, chlorine, magnesium, nitrate, fluoride and sulphate. It is important to monitor the physical properties of both filter and tubehole water, as it is a early warning signal that something is happening to water.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Borehole, Pond and Well Water in Kashere Metropolis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Abdulkadir A. Gidado ◽  
Ibrahim Halliru ◽  
Christiana Anawuese Kendeson ◽  
Yusuf Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Turbidity

In a bid to ascertain the quality of water for human consumption in Kashere Metropolis, essential physico-chemical parameters were evaluated on samples of drinking water obtained from boreholes, pond and wells located at densely populated areas, labelled as: Kashere cattle market Pond, KP; Kashere cottage Hospital Borehole, HB; Kashere Market Borehole, MB; Federal University, Kashere (FUK) campus Borehole, CB; Kashere cottage Hospital Well, HW; Kashere Market Well, MW and FUK campus Well, CW. Standard procedure for the determination of chemical and physical characteristics of the water samples were used. The results of the investigated parameters in the samples were as follows: ρH 6.61‒7.96, Turbidity 0.0‒2568 FTU, Electrical Conductivity 60.5‒1151 Mhocm-1, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 25.9‒518.0 mgL-1, Ca 0.0033‒0.5446 ppm, Mg 0.0793‒1.2215 ppm, Cd 0.0010‒0.0030 ppm, Zn 0.0024‒0.l054 ppm, Pb 0.0002‒0.0026 ppm and Fe 0.0044‒0.5649 ppm. Except for the concentration of Fe (in CB; 0.5649 ppm), all the analyzed minor and major cations in the water samples were in very low concentration and below the permissible limits of WHO standard guidelines values for drinking water.  It is recommended that, water from the pond should be properly treated before consumption due to its high turbidity.  Also periodic assessment of the quality of drinking water from these water sources should be conducted, to ascertain that they are not contaminated by either or both organic and inorganic pollutants.

PHYSICO CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF GROUND WATER NEAR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DUMPING SITES IN ARUMUGANERI, THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

Ground water samples in and around from the dumpsite located in Arumuganeri were studied to assess the impact of Municipal solid waste on the ground water resources. Ground water samples were collected from the 5 different bore-wells in and around the dumpsites.The collected water samples were analyzed for parameters of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Alkalinity (TA), Total hardness, chloride and dissolved oxygen. The results were observed in each sample , compared with standards WHO, ICMR, ISI and thus  an  attempt  was  made  to  ascertain  whether  the quality  of  ground  water  is  fit  or  not  for  drinking  and  other  purposes.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Quality of Drinking Water in the South of Algeria (Case of El-Oued Region) Study of Excess Minerals

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Zobeidi ◽  
Leila Moussaoui
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Physicochemical Composition ◽  
Physico Chemical

The Aim of this Study was to Determine the Physicochemical Composition of Water Intended for Human Consumption in Several Regions of El-Oued - Algeria. Excess Minerals in Drinking Water, Including Magnesium, Calcium, Sulfates, Chloride and Fluorides Play a Fundamental Role in the Prevention of Urinary Calculi, which are Formed Mainly from Calcium Oxalate. the Results Revealed that Wholes Water Samples are Analyzed Magnesium ([Mg 2+] > 50 Mg/L). the Rate of Sulfate Ions Average 638 Mg/l, Exceeding the Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC) Recommended by WHO ([SO42ˉ] > 250 Mg / L). in Addition, 85% had Excess Fluoride [Fˉ] > 0.85 Mg/L, and 100% are Calcium, the Rate of Ca2+ is Greater than 150 Mg/L.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water Sources in Calabar Municipality, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
B. E. Agbo ◽  
A. V. Ogar ◽  
U. L. Akpan ◽  
C. I. Mboto
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Mean

This study evaluated the physico-chemical and the bacteriological quality of five different sources of drinking water in Calabar metropolis, Nigeria, to give a fair geographical representative of the town and to contribute to our understanding of the quality of drinking water in the metropolis. The physico-chemical characteristics such as pH, temperature, turbidity, conductivity, colour, Iron, dissolved oxygen, Calcium, Magnesium, alkalinity, total hardness, Manganese, Sulphate, Chloride, Phosphate, Sodium, Zinc, Copper, total dissolved solid, Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia, Ammonium and Potassium were determined following the procedures prescribed by American Public Health Association Standard Method. The bacteriological analysis was carried out using the standard microbiological standard for analysis of water for total and faecal coliform count. The mean temperature of the evaluated waters ranged from 23.03°C-29.3°C, mean pH ranged from 4.37-6.76, while turbidity had a mean range of 0.16 NTU-4.13 NTU. Conductivity ranged between 39.29 µs/cm - 120.7 µs/cm, dissolved oxygen with 13.30 mg/L - 4.19 mg/L, total dissolved solids ranged from 72.4 mg/L -23.5 mg/L, while the mean for iron concentration ranged from 0.12 mg/L - 0.99 mg/L. Similarly, the mean for total hardness was 34.2 mg/L - 17.1 mg/L and 7.93 mg/L - 6.71 mg/L for total alkalinity. Others includes Manganese (0.88 mg/L - 0.02 mg/L), Magnesium (16.5 mg/L - 9.9 mg/L), Calcium (9.77 mg/L - 7.20 mg/L, Nitrate (14.6 mg/L - 3.66 mg/L), Nitrite (0.076 mg/L -0.009 mg/L), Ammonia (0.89 mg/L - 0.25 mg/L), Ammonium (0.52 mg/L - 0.013 mg/L), Zinc (1.01 mg/L - 0.34 mg/L), Chloride (5.73 mg/L - 0.364 mg/L), Fluoride (0.76 mg/L - 0.277 mg/L), Copper (0.61 mg/L - 0.18 mg/L), Sodium (2.73 mg/L - 0.180 mg/L), potassium (5.73 mg/L - 2.0 mg/L), Sulphate (14.8 mg/L - 3.69 mg/L and Phosphate with 4.8 mg/L - 3.69 mg/L. The total coliform count for bottled water ranged between 2.00 cfu/100 mL – 19.00 cfu/100 mL, the total coliform range for sachet water were 6.00 cfu/100 mL and 15.00 cfu/100 mL and no faecal coliform was detected. Public water had no growth at all, the stream and borehole bacteriological analysis ranged from 27x101 cfu/ mL - 55x101 cfu/mL and 12 cfu/100 mL - 33 cfu/100 mL for total coliform respectively. Faecal coliform ranged from 15x101 cfu/ mL - 52x101 cfu/ mL for stream and 9.00 cfu100/ mL – 16.00 cfu/100 mL for borehole. A total of seven (7) different bacteria species were isolated from the sampled drinking water sources. These included Proteus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., E.coli, Chromobacter spp., Salmonella spp. and Enterococcus spp. This study reveals a high level of poor quality sources of water in the metropolis and makes need for urgent health intervention.

scholarly journals Ecology of Binwa a Western Himalayan Hill Stream in relation to Water Quality

2020 ◽  
pp. 186-193
Author(s):  
Rajender Jindal ◽  
Devender Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Western Himalayan Region ◽  
One Year

Binwa is a perennial hill stream of the Western Himalayan region of Himachal Pradesh. During the present investigation, four observation sites based on altitudinal differences were selected, i.e., Kharli(S1), Baijnath (S2), near Chobin (S3), and Triveni (S4) and water samples were analyzed for physico-chemical and biological parameters for one year (Mar.2011-Feb.2012). Water temperature, water current, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, T.D.S., electric conductivity, total Hardness, phosphate, and nitrate had played an essential role in determining the variations in planktonic and macroinvertebrate fauna of the stream.Species diversity indices such as Simpson, Shannon and Wiener, and Margalef’s diversity index of macroinvertebrates were worked out for all the observation sites. Based on the comparison of physico-chemical parameters of water samples with different standards prescribed for drinking water, water quality index for four stations calculated. Similarly, EPT taxa (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera) measured, and EPT index computed. The water quality of the stream deteriorates downstream from head to mouth due to different types of anthropogenic interferences. The findings revealed that stream has no pollution at S1, while it is oligotrophic from S2 to S3 and meso-oligotrophic at S4.

scholarly journals A study on physico-chemical parameters of Dah lake water, District-Ballia (U.P.), India

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajnish Kumar Sharma ◽  
Devendra Kumar Soni ◽  
Nirupma Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water District ◽  
Sensitive Parameters

The back water of river Saryu is a prime source of water for Dah Lake, located in Ballia district, have been studied to project the pristinety of water with respect to different pollution sensitive parameters i.e. organic pollutants– BOD, DO, COD, Inorganic pollutants - Electrical Conductivity, Turbidity, pH, total alkalinity, Chloride, Total hardness etc. The pH (7.68), total alkalinity (180.5 mg/l), Chloride (133.12 mg/l), Total hardness(139.83 mg/l), Calcium (60.26 mg/l) and Magnesium hardness (19.38 mg/l) were found well within the prescribed standard for drinking water (BIS 10500:1991) during the study period i.e. April 2006- March 2008. The study inferred that the water quality of Dah Lake is still free from the any kind of pollutants, must be due to its higher assimilative capacity. It also indicates the higher potential for pisiculture and drinking water sources (after disinfection) for the nearby villages which may ultimately improve the economic condition of the surrounding habitation.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Quality Assessment of Various Bottled Commercial Water Brands in Okada Town, Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
F. W. Ngubi ◽  
I. Eiroboyi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Health Organization

In this study, Physico-chemical assessment of some commercial drinking water sold in bottles in Okada Town was evaluated to ascertain their compliance with World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS): Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality threshold limits using standard analytical methods. Seven different bottled water samples obtained from different manufacturers labelled BWA to BWG were analyzed physically and chemically. Physical examination of the samples showed that they were odourless, colourless, and tasteless. Chemical quality parameters examined were pH, Chloride (Cl-), total hardness (TS), Phosphate (PHO3-), Nitrate (NO3-), Sulphate (SO42-), Iron (Fe), Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, turbidity, and total suspended solids (TSS). The pH values of 57.1% of the water samples (BWA, BWB, BWC, BWE & BWF) were within the standards. The remaining chemical quality parameters (Cl-, TS, PHO3-, NO3-, Sulphate SO42-, Iron Fe, K, NA, Mn, Zn, TDS, Conductivity, turbidity, and TSS) of the branded bottled water samples were within the standards for clean and safe drinking. Therefore, they were considered safe and fit for human consumption. 

scholarly journals The influence of electrogalvanic device on scaling

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjana Simonič ◽  
Irena Ban
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Aragonite Crystal ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

AbstractThe use of an electrogalvanic device for scale neutralisation is descibed in this paper. Physico-chemical analyses were performed before and after the treatment. The results were compared with those obtained by using magnetic water treatment device. By measuring some individual parameters and the implementation of chemical analysis, the satisfactory functioning of the electrogalvanic device was demonstrated. The quality of drinking water did not change much after the water treatment method. The results of determination of calcium carbonate saturating index showed that the raw drinking water is in carbonate equlibrium as well as both treated water samples. The calcite/aragonite ratio was studied by means of microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. Inspection of crystals formed during the experiments with microscopy indicated that aragonite crystal structure of the precipitates prevailed over the calcite stucture. The diffractograms showed that the share of aragonite increased after using the electrogalvanic device compared with raw drinking water samples where the share of calcite was higher.

scholarly journals Study of Compliance of Sealed Bottled Water with Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standard: A Case of Bhaktapur Municipality, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Prasidha Raj Neupane ◽  
Iswor Bajracharya ◽  
Meera Prajapati ◽  
Hishila Sujakhu ◽  
Pramod Awal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Standard ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical

Bottled water is generally considered safe for drinking. However, several studies have reported the substandard quality of bottled water. Physico-chemical assessment of ten different brands of bottled water distributed in Bhaktapur Municipality was carried out from January 2018 to March 2018. In total, one hundred bottled water samples consisting of ten different brands were collected randomly from various retail outlets. Eight selected physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were analysed following standard methods, and the results were compared with the Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standard (NDWQS) (2005). Out of one hundred samples, sixty-nine samples did not comply with the standard pH limit. Other physico-chemical parameters were found to comply with the standard though variations were observed in the concentrations among different brands. Microbial contamination was not found in any brands of the bottled water samples considered in this study. However, it is necessary to examine other contaminants such as heavy metals, minerals, and chemicals to know the overall quality of water. Moreover, the regulatory bodies are required to strictly monitor water processing companies for the maintenance of the quality of bottled water.

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