scholarly journals STOMATOLOGIC STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF MAXILLOFACIAL REGION UNDERGOING CHEMOTHERAPY AND RADIOTHERAPY

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 286-290
Author(s):  
Olga Shpulina ◽  
Natalia Dorofeeva
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Acute Side Effects ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
After Cancer

The aim of this study was to evaluate the early acute side effects following radiation and chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), namely: to ascertain main patient complaints; to investigate saliva properties and to determine the microecology of the oral cavity in patient with HNC before and after radiation and chemotherapy. Eighteen patients with HNC which were prescribed gamma therapy on two buccal submandibular fields combined with close-focus roentgenotherapy and methotrexate as a cytostatic were examined. It was established that 3 weeks after the radio- and chemotherapy 100 % of patients pointed at xerostomia, dysgeusia, disturbances during speech, burning, pricking and itching in oral cavity. After cancer treatment the speed of salivation decreased two times and pH was 15 % lower than before radio and chemotherapy. Anti-cancer treatment caused significant decrease of lysozyme level (34 % lower) and secretory immunoglobulin A (1,5 times lower) in patients with HNC. After radio and chemotherapy different fungi of Candida genus from oral cavity were inoculated in high concentrations (from 4,0 ± 0.07 to 6,9 ± 0.07 lg CFU/ml), such as С. Аlbicans, C. Kruzei, С. Tropicalis, C. Stellatoidea.Thus significant negative changes from the side of speed and character of salivation, decrease of saliva pH, depression of both non-specific and specific components of immune defense and high contamination of oral mucosa with fungi of Candida genus considerably worsenpost-cancer rehabilitation.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID 19 pandemic on pattern of cancer mortality in Najran, Saudi Arabia: a single-cancer center experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M Badheeb ◽  
Mohamed A Badheeb ◽  
Hamdi A Alhakimi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The aim of this paper is to compare the patterns and determinants of cancer mortality in Najran region before and after the COVID-19 epidemics. The association between cancer mortality and each of age, sex, site of cancer, stage, and the 30-days survival rate after the last dose of chemotherapy were assessed.Materials & Methods: Adult cancer patients who died of cancer in King Khalid Hospital in Najran Saudi Arabia, were included in this retrospective observational study. We compared mortality patterns in a period of 6 months in 2020 (March to August) with the corresponding period of 2019.Results: 50 dead adult cancer patients were included, 24 in 2019 and 26 in 2020. Among them, 21% vs 42% were younger than 65 years of age; 61% vs 62% were males, for the years 2019 & 2020 respectively. The top three killers in 2019 were colorectal, gastro-esophageal cancers, and hepatocellular carcinoma, while in 2020 were colorectal, hepatocellular carcinoma, and lymphomas. About 16.7% of patients died within 30 days of receiving anti-cancer treatment in 2019 in comparison with 7.7% in 2020. The difference in the 30-days mortality after receiving anti-cancer treatment was not statistically significant between 2019 and 2020 (p = 0.329).Conclusion: The Year 2020, the time of the COVID-19pandemic, was not associated with a significant increase in short-term mortality among patients with malignancy in Najran, Saudi Arabia. Our results generally reflect the crucial role of strict preventive national measures in saving lives and warrants further exploration.

Updated clinical guidelines on the oral management of oncology patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Navdeep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Before And After ◽  
After Cancer

As the rate of dentists treating children and adults who present before and after cancer treatment increases, appropriate preventive regimens, timely oral care and improved dental services are crucial for improving patients’ quality of life. https://www.rcseng.ac.uk/dental-faculties/fds/publications-guidelines/clinical-guidelines/

scholarly journals Trophoblast Cell-surface Antigen 2 Expression in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients and the Effects of Anti-cancer Treatments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shota Omori ◽  
Koji Muramatsu ◽  
Takuya Kawata ◽  
Eriko Miyawaki ◽  
Taichi Miyawaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Trophoblast Cell ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background: Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is expressed on the surface of trophoblast cells and many malignant tumor cells. However, data on TROP2 expression in advanced lung cancer is insufficient, and its changes have not been fully evaluated. Methods: We assessed the prevalence and changes in TROP2 expression in lung cancer patients receiving anti-cancer treatments using immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis with an anti-TROP2 (clone: SP295). IHC scores were graded from 0–3; grade ≥2 was considered positive for TROP2 expression. We defined a difference in IHC score, before and after anti-cancer treatments, as the change in TROP2 expression.Results: Before anti-cancer treatment, TROP2 expression was observed in 89% (143/160) of patients and was significantly more common in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma than in neuroendocrine carcinoma (P < 0.001). After anti-cancer treatment, TROP2 expression was observed in 87% (139/160) of patients. The distribution of TROP2 expression in post-treatment samples was analogous to that in pre-treatment samples when compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P = 0.509). However, an increase in TROP2 expression was seen in 19 (12%), and a decrease in 20 (13%) patients. Patients treated with targeted therapy showed significantly higher changes in TROP2 expression (P = 0.019) and thoracic radiotherapy was more likely to increase TROP2 expression than chemotherapy alone.Conclusion: TROP2 was expressed in most lung cancer specimens before and after anti-cancer treatments. Additionally, some anti-cancer treatments might alter the TROP2 expression. These results may provide a strong rationale for TROP2-directed therapy against advanced lung cancer.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Physical and Psychological Treatment for Cancer-Related Fatigue: Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-211
Author(s):  
Dian Hudiyawati ◽  
Wulan Syafitry
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Management ◽  
Before And After ◽  
After Cancer

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Fatigue is one of the most common side effects of people with cancer. The range of people with cancer who experience fatigue is 70-80%, when undergoing cancer treatment and during the phase before and after treatment. This systematic review aims to identify fatigue management with non-pharmacological intervention. The journals selected from 2015 to 2020 in an international database: Pubmed, SAGE journals, Microsoft Academic, and Science Direct. The database searched using the keywords "exercise treatment" OR "psychological treatment," AND "fatigue" OR "cancer-related fatigue," AND "during cancer treatment" OR "after cancer treatment." Assessment of Critical quality appraisal uses tools from the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) critical assessment checklist. The method of analysis used the descriptive method. The results of the Systematic review found 13 journals that met the inclusion criteria, the total sample was 1365 respondents with an average age of 56.85, and the consequences of female respondents were 857 respondents, and male respondents were 464 respondents. Physical treatment and psychological treatment can reduce cancer fatigue before and after treatment. The interventions given both physical treatment and psychological treatment have their benefits and vary in their effectiveness.

Uses of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) measurement before and after cancer treatment in women

Maturitas ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl E. Dunlop ◽  
Richard A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
After Cancer

A new approach to treatment of stomatitis in experiments on white rats (experimental research)

2018 ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Е.Б. Ганина ◽  
Ю.В. Червинец ◽  
Н.В. Грудинин ◽  
В.Г. Шестакова ◽  
В.М. Червинец ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intact Rats

Цель исследования - охарактеризовать микробиологическую картину стоматита до и после его лечения высокоактивными культурами лактобацилл, дать оценку эффективности их применения при экспериментальном стоматите. Методика. Опыты проводились на 32 самках беспородных белых крыс массой 230 г. Моделирование стоматита включало 2 этапа: моделирование травматического стоматита и воспроизведение бактериального стоматита на базе травматического. У крыс контрольной и опытных серий на всех этапах эксперимента брали мазки с поверхности десен для характеристики микробиоценоза ротовой полости. Результаты. После обработки слизистой оболочки полости рта (СОПР) культурой патогенного штамма Staphylococcus aureus существенно снизились частота встречаемости и количество условно-патогенных микроорганизмов. Лечение стоматита у крыс культурами лактобацилл ( Lactobacillus 11 зв., Lactobacillus 2 п.рта, Lactobacillus 24 д.ст.) и их комбинацией приводило к снижению распространенности S. aureus вплоть до его исчезновения, а также к нормализации количества условно-патогенной микробиоты. Заключение. Исследования показали эффективность использования отдельных высокоактивных штаммов лактобацилл или их комбинации при лечении заболеваний СОПР, в частности бактериального стоматита. Aim. To characterize the microbiological picture of stomatitis in intact rats before and after the treatment with highly active cultured lactobacilli and to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment in experiments on white rats. Methods. Experiments were carried out on 32 mongrel female white rats weighing 230 g. Smears were taken from the gum surface of control and experimental rats at all stages of the experiment to characterize the oral cavity microbiocenosis. Results. After treatment of the oral cavity with cultured Staphylococcus aureus , the occurrence and quantity of opportunistic microorganisms significantly decreased. The treatment of stomatitis in rats with cultured lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus 11 zv., Lactobacillus 2 p.r., Lactobacillus 24 d.st. and their combination) led to a decrease in S. aureus prevalence up to its extinction and to normalization of the quantitative composition of opportunistic microbiota. Conclusions. The study showed the effieacy of highly active lactobacillus strains individually or their combinations in the treatment of oral diseases, in particular, bacterial stomatitis.

The role of probiotics in correction of microbiocenosis and cytokine balance of the oral cavity of patient with chronic inflammatory disease of periodont

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
E. S. Ovcharenko ◽  
V. V. Erichev ◽  
S. I. Risovannij ◽  
T. V. Aksenova ◽  
S. V. Melekhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Before And After

Relevance. A long-term inflammation in the oral cavity, unreasonable treatment of periodontal patients with antibiotics cause imbalance between certain types of fungal-bacterial associations accompanied by oral dysbiosis and change of local immune status. So, development and application of new comprehensive diagnosis and treatment techniques in periodontal patients, use of products for correction of microbiota and local immunity are a current and a long-term task. Purpose is to optimize the comprehensive treatment protocol of inflammatory periodontal diseases by introducing probiotics and evaluation of oral microbiome and cytokine profile.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined. Of these 60 patients had chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and 60 patients suffered from moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. Bacterial and fungal microbiome was assessed and the host immune response was evaluated in all patients before and after the treatment. Half of the patients were treated conventionally and the other half were treated according to a modified scheme: probiotic “Bifidumbacterin Forte” was added.Results. A large number of yeast-like fungi Candida and commensal bacteria were detected in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. That correlates with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL—8), decrease of concentration of INF-γ and increase of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4.Conclusion. Changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological values during a modified combination therapy with a probiotic and during a conventional treatment demonstrated that effectiveness of treatment of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis increased by 40% and 37% respectively.

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