scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF OWNERSHIP CONCENTRATION ON PERFORMANCE OF PAKISTANI LISTED COMPANIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 214-222
Author(s):  
Nouman Afgan ◽  
Klaus Gugler ◽  
Robert Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Minority Shareholders ◽  
Investment Performance ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
Institutional Shareholders

This paper analyzes the effects of ownership concentration on investment performance in a large sample of Pakistani publicly-listed companies from 1997 to 2007. Special attention is directed to statistical methods from the field of panel-data econometrics, which are able to deal with endogeneity problems and with structural reverse causality. The preferred estimator that is based on firm fixed effects insinuates that the voting rights of ultimate shareholders affect Tobin’s q unambiguously negatively, whereas the squared voting rights affect it unambiguously positively. This implies a U-curved relationship between Tobin’s q and voting rights concentration with a turning point at 45%. More than 75% of the companies fall in the upward sloping part of the curve. While positive incentive effects are at work in Pakistan, financial market development is retarded by the reluctance of minority shareholders facing dominant shareholders to hold small stakes in listed companies. Consistently, institutional shareholders do not yet provide a positive monitoring role in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Ownership and Firm Value: Evidence from Listed Chinese Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusheng Kong ◽  
Takuriramunashe Famba ◽  
Grace Chituku-Dzimiro ◽  
Huaping Sun ◽  
Ophias Kurauone
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
Negative Effect

This study analyzes corporate ownership as a corporate governance mechanism and its role in creating firm value. Previous research shows that there is no convergence on the firm-value corporate ownership relationship. Most research in this area takes a cross national approach ignoring the uniqueness of each institutional setting particularly those of emerging nations. Using a unique firm level dataset, we investigate how corporate control nature and ownership concentration affect the value of Chinese listed firms. First, non-state owned control is associated with a higher Tobin’s Q while a negative premium is found for state owned. Using the hybrid and the correlated random effects model we confirm a U-shaped non-linear relationship between ownership concentration and Tobin’s Q, implying that firm value first decreases and then increases as block holders own more shares. Further investigation reveals that the negative effect of ownership concentration is weaker when a firm equity nature is non-state owned enterprises (non-SOEs) compared to state-owned enterprises (SOEs). While ownership concentration appears to be an efficient mechanism for corporate governance its effect is weaker for SOEs compared to non-SOEs. The results support privatization of SOEs, sound reforms such as the split share structure reform as crucial for the development of China’s stock market.

scholarly journals Determinants of Accounting and Market-based Performance Measures – Case of Croatian Non-financial Listed Companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 02049
Author(s):  
Tomislava Pavic Kramaric ◽  
Marko Miletic ◽  
Damir Piplica
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
Measure Of Performance

Research background: Profitability and the factors that determine it have always intrigued the scholars. Despite the large number of studies dealing with this topic at the international level, this paper sheds a new light on the issue since it deals with the listed companies in an emerging economy confronting two performance measures. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to provide evidence on the performance of Croatian non-financial firms listed on the Zagreb Stock Exchange (ZSE). Methods: The analysis encompassed firms that operated in the 2015 – 2019 period. For this purpose, the authors confronted two performance measures, i.e. accounting-based performance measure represented with return on assets (ROA) whereas Tobin’s Q stands for the market-based measure of performance or firm value. Independent variables that served as potential determinants of listed companies’ performance include inventories management, productivity, liquidity measured with both current and quick ratio, and size calculated on the basis of total assets, and sales. Findings & Value added: After employing static panel analysis, the results reveal statistically significant influence of size variable based on assets in both models though it takes negative sign in the model where performance is measured with Tobin’s Q, whereas its positive impact on performance is recorded in ROA model. Furthermore, size based on total sales also positively affects performance when measured with ROA.

scholarly journals Analisis EVA, MVA, dan Tobin’s Q Terhadap Harga Saham Emiten di BEI Periode 2012-2016

JEMAP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Stevi Jimry Poluan ◽  
Rony Joyo Negoro Octavianus ◽  
Edwin Aditya Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
Purposive Sampling

This study aims to analyze the effect of EVA, MVA, and Tobin’s Q on share price of listed companies in IDX. The type of research used on this study is assosiative research with quantitative approach. Sampling method used is purposive sampling. Multiple Linear Regression used to analyze the data. The results showed that EVA had no effect to companies’ stock prices and MVA had positive and significant effect to companies’ stock prices, and Tobin’s q had positive and significant effect to companies’ stock prices.

scholarly journals Ownership structure, corporate performance and failure: Evidence from panel data of emerging market the case of Jordan

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Zeitun
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of ownership structure (mix and concentrate) on a company’s performance and failure in a panel estimation using 167 Jordanian companies during 1989-2006. The empirical evidence in this paper shows that ownership structure and ownership concentration play an important role in the performance and value of Jordanian firms. It shows that inefficiency is related to ownership concentration and to institutional ownership. A negative correlation between ownership concentration and firm’s performance both, ROA and Tobin’s Q, is found, while there is a positive impact on firm performance MBVR. The research also found that there is a significant negative relationship between government ownership and a firm’s accounting performance, while the other ownership structure mixes have significant coefficients only in Tobin’s Q using the matched sample. Firm’s profitability ROA was negatively and significantly correlated with the fraction of institutional ownership, and positively and significantly related to the market performance measure, MBVR. The result is robust when indicators of both concentration and ownership mix are included in the regressions. The results of this study are, to some extent, inconsistent with previous findings. This paper also used ownership structure to predict the corporate failure. The results suggest that government ownership is negatively related to the likelihood of default. Government ownership decreases the likelihood of default, but has a negative impact on a firm’s performance. The results suggest that, in order to increase a firm’s performance and decrease the likelihood of default, it is reasonable to reduce government ownership to some extent. Furthermore, a certain degree of ownership concentration is needed to increase the firm’s performance and to decrease the firm’s chance of default.

Effect of ownership structure and board structure on firm value: evidence from India

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Mishra ◽  
Sheeba Kapil
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to explore the relationship of promoter ownership and board structure with firm performance for Indian companies. Design/methodology/approach Corporate governance structures of 391 Indian companies out of CRISIL NSE Index (CNX) 500 companies listed on national stock exchange (NSE) have been studied for their impact on performance of companies. Panel data regression methodology has been used on data for five financial years from 2010 to 2014 for the selected companies. Performance measures considered are market-based measure (Tobin’s Q) and accounting-based measure (return on assets [ROA]). Findings The empirical findings indicate that market-based measure (Tobin’s Q) is more impacted by corporate governance than accounting-based measure. There is significant positive association between promoter ownership and firm performance. It is also indicated that the relationship between promoter ownership and firm performance is different at different levels of promoter ownership. Board size is found to be positively related to ROA; however, board independence is not found to be related to any of the performance measures. Research limitations/implications Limitations of the study are in terms of data methodology and possible omission of some variables. It is felt that endogeneity and reverse causality might be better addressed using simultaneous equation methodology. Originality/value The paper adds to the emerging body of literature on corporate governance performance relationship in Indian context using a reasonably wider and newer data set.

scholarly journals PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, LIKUIDITAS DAN KINERJA KEUANGAN TERHADAP NILAI PASAR PERUSAHAAN (Studi Empiris Emiten Yang Mendapat GCG award IICD Tahun 2010-2012)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Riza
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Financial Ratio

This research aims to determine the influence of corporate governance, liquidity and financial performance of the company's market value. The population in this research are listed companies Indonesian stock exchanges that getting GCG award from IICD about 2010 to 2012. Total sample of 50 listed companies with the observations made during the three years, which is from 2010 to 2012 the data sample of 133. The data used are secondary data, which derived of the book Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) until 2012 for financial ratio analysis and active listed companies listed in IDX that is determined through purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed with the classical assumption and hypothesis testing with multiple linear regression method. The results of this research indicated that the corporate governance index (CGI), current ratio (CR), debt to equity ratio (DER) and return on investment (ROI) have no significant impact on the market value (Tobin's Q) listed companies and otherwise return on equity (ROE ) significantly affects the market value (Tobin's Q).

scholarly journals PENGARUH UKURAN DEWAN, KEPEMILIKAN SAHAM OLEH DIREKTUR, DAN JENDER TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PERBANKAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umi Mardiyati ◽  
Yunika Murdayanti
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Tobin's Q

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah mekanisme tata kelola perusahaan, khususnya ukuran dewan direktur, kepemilikan saham oleh direktur, dan jender, berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan perbankan di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini, kami menggunakan sampel 16 bank (45 observasi) yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia antara tahun 2011 dan 2014. Metode analisis yang digunakan ialah regresi fixed effects dan random effects. Dikontrol oleh variabel ukuran perusahaan, hutang, dan pertumbuhan perusahaan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan saham direktur berpengaruh signifikan kepada ROA dan Tobin’s Q. Sedangkan jumlah dewan direktur dan keberadaan wanita dalam dewan direktur tidak berpengaruh.

Non-linear relationship of board size and board independence with firm performance – evidence from India

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanth Potharla ◽  
Balachandram Amirishetty
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Relationship Of

Purpose This study aims to examine the significance of the non-linear relationship of board size and board independence on the financial performance of listed non-financial firms in India. Design/methodology/approach The study draws the sample of the listed non-financial firm in the Indian market from the year 2011–2018 and applied panel least squares regression with and without industry fixed effects on the model with quadratic equation. Quantile regression is also used to test the robustness of the results. The financial performance is measured through one accounting measure (i.e. return on assets [ROA]) and one market-based measure (i.e. Tobin’s Q). The empirical model also controls firm-specific variables which are expected to have an impact on financial performance. Findings The study found that the relationship of board size and board independence with the financial performance of a firm is in a non-linear inverted U-shape. The results are qualitatively similar for both ROA and Tobin’s Q after controlling industry fixed effects. Originality/value This is the first study in India which tests the non-linear relationship of board size and board independence with the financial performance of the firm. The study contributes to the limited literature on the implications of board characteristics on the performance of the firms in India.

Institutional Investors' Representativeness and Earnings Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
Pietro Fera ◽  
Nicola Moscariello ◽  
Michele Pizzo ◽  
Giorgio Ricciardi
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Mere Presence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Institutional Shareholders

In contexts characterized by high ownership concentration, institutional investors may lose their monitoring role and might not be effective in constraining earnings management. So, this study investigates whether directors appointed by institutional shareholders are more effective in inhibiting earnings management for companies with a high ownership concentration, rather than the mere presence of institutional investors. Based on a sample of Italian listed companies, findings suggest a negative relationship between minority directors appointed by institutional shareholders and abnormal accruals, while no relationship is found between the latter and the mere presence of institutional investors. Moreover, results also highlight that the difference between strategic and no strategic institutional investors does not count in a context characterized by high ownership concentration. Overall, this study suggests that institutional investors, regardless of their characteristics, are more effective in constraining earnings management when they can count on an agent on the board of directors.

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