scholarly journals GRADUATION DETERMINANTS OF PRODUCTIVE SAFETY NET PROGRAM BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS: A LOGISTIC ANALYSIS, TIGRAI-ETHIOPIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibrah Hagos Gebresilassie
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Predicting Factors

Household food security issues have become the concern of international communities as well as national government of Ethiopia. Social safety nets (like Productive Safety Net Program in Ethiopia) are programs that offer protection to poor rural people by providing income through transfer programs and employment opportunities. The main objective of this study was to identify the major graduation determinants of Productive safety Net Program beneficiary rural households using a logistic regression technique from a total of 400 sample respondents using Eastern zone of Tigrai regional national state, northern Ethiopia, as case study site. The researcher was initially identified about sixteen predicting factors of which just ten of them were found to be statistically significant, and all exhibited the expected signs. Regression results revealed thatan introduction to integrated agricultural package make use of, male-headed household, age squared of the household head, educational status of the household head, saving culture, male adults, non-government organizations follow-up, access to credit, access to petty trading and irrigation have led productive safety net program beneficiary households to have more probability of graduation. Finally, it is recommended that assisting farming rural households to diversify and expand their sources of income in order to be able to meet their minimum food requirement and graduate soon through the provision of integrated agricultural packages. Besides, program participants should be followed up by non-government organizations and highly engaged in petty trading to graduate sooner, boost their income and food secure.

scholarly journals Determinants of Food Security Among Small-Scale Soybean Households in Butere Sub-County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Robert Ouko Gwada ◽  
Kevin Okoth Ouko ◽  
Zephaniah Ongaga Mayaka ◽  
Bandiougou Dembele
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Economic Market ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food

SummaryFood and nutritional (in)security remain an important matter of concern, especially in developing countries. Despite the efforts to enhance food security among smallholder soybean households, the proportion of the undernourished population in Butere Sub-County still remains high for unknown reasons. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of food security among smallholder soybean households in Butere Sub-County, Kenya. The study adopted the exploratory research design. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select a sample of 201 respondents. Cross-sectional data were gathered through face-to-face interviews using pretested semi-structured questionnaires and analyzed using ordered logistic regression model. Household Food Insecurity Access Scale was used to measure and categorize the soybean household food (in)security status. The results revealed that the household food (in)security status differed across soybean households and was greatly influenced by an interplay of socio-economic, market, and institutional factors. Age of the household head negatively influenced food security, whereas the level of soybean commercialization, education, livestock units, network density, extension visits, and credit access were positively associated with household food security. The study recommends policy interventions that seek to ensure intensive literacy development, frequent extension and training, improved access to credit, and reinvestment in productive assets or inputs for increased production, commercialization and food security. Strengthening of social ties and increased allocation to safety net programs for the aged, vulnerable, and resource-poor households are also recommended.

scholarly journals Determinants of Adoption of Multiple Climate-Smart Adaptation Practices in Sudano-Sahelian Pastoral and Agro-Pastoral Production Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouhoun Zampaligré ◽  
Lisa Elena Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Practices ◽  
Sahelian Zone

To improve their ability to plan for and respond to potential negative impacts of climate shocks, such as droughts and dry spells, in the Sahelian agricultural production systems, many farmers have adopted diversified coping and adaptation strategies to secure their livelihoods. However, the scientific understanding of the key factors that determine the decisions that these pastoralist and agro-pastoralist households make, as well as the relation between existing human, social, natural, physical and financial assets and the adoption of adaptation practices at the household level has remained insufficient. Therefore, multivariate probit estimates were used to identify the key drivers of multiple adoption of climate-smart agro-pastoral adaptation practices in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso. The results indicated that respondent households adopted a combination of adaptation practices rather than a single practice. Most of these practices aimed at enhancing household food security and livelihoods. Regarding the variables that are related to the adoption of these adaptation practices overall, a few assets were found to contribute significantly to the decision to adopt the assessed adaption practices. These include the possession of household and farm assets and equipment, membership in associations and assistance from government, farming experience of the household head, access to credit, as well as ownership and size of farmland. In addition, access to climate and agronomic information, as well as a household’s location within a specifically dedicated pastoral zone, enhanced uptake of various adaptation practices in this study. Access to these assets and features hence plays a critical role in pastoralists’ and agro-pastoralists’ adaptive capacity. This study provides insights for policy makers in view of climate change adaptation and wider sustainable development planning in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Africa.

scholarly journals Small-scale irrigation and its effect on food security of rural households in North-West Ethiopia: A comparative analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beneberu Assefa Wondimagegnhu ◽  
Biazin Alemu Bogale
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation

Agriculture is a limiting factor for food security in Ethiopia as more than 80% of the population depends on it for livelihoods. In many parts of the country, the frequency and distribution of rainfall and the principal source of water for crop production are getting more unreliable and inadequate and frequent droughts, make irrigation farming indispensable. Despite the high potential for irrigation, the study area remained to be one of the food insecure districts in the region and currently it is supported by the productive safety net program. Information is also missing on the extent to which households who have access to irrigation produce more than those who depend on rainfed agriculture. The study contributes to a comparative analysis of the effect of small scale irrigation. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of small scale irrigation on the food security of rural households. Data were collected from 185 randomly selected rural households in the Goncha-SisoEnesie district of northwest Ethiopia. Descriptive analysis, household food balance model and binary logit regression were employed as tools of data analysis. The result revealed that out of all sampled households, 74% were food secured and 26% were not. The gap in food calorie availability was high ranging from 753-6659 kcal/adult equivalent/day in the study area. Out of 84 irrigation users, 84.5% of them were food secured; whereas only 65.3% of the total 101 non-irrigation users were food secured. In this study, household size, farmland size, access to irrigation, access to credit services, and income from rainfed crop production were the determinant factors of household food security. Small scale irrigation had a direct and indirect positive effect on enhancing household food security status. Thus, the concerned development partners and policymakers should consider the promotion and expansion of irrigated farming in the area.

scholarly journals Analyzing the contribution of crop diversification in improving household food security among wheat dominated rural households in Sinana District, Bale Zone, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dereje Derso Mengistu ◽  
Degefa Tolossa Degaga ◽  
Abraham Seyoum Tsehay
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Household Food

Abstract Background Agriculture is considered an important strategy for overcoming many of the emergencies faced by rural households in developing countries. In rural Ethiopia household access to food largely depends on what the household grows, either because they consume what they grow, or they purchase food with the income earned from what they grow. This study examines effect of crop diversification on food security and determinants of household food security among rural farm households of Sinana District, Oromia Regional state. The study uses a multi stage sampling procedure to select 384 sample households. Data were collected using a household survey, a focus group discussant (FGD), and key informant interviews. Ordinary least squares regression (OLS) and multinomial logistic regression model were used to analyze the data collected. Results We found that crop diversification had a positive and significant effect on household food security. Although crop diversification was positively associated with household food security, several other factors were found to be as or more important in increasing household food security. The education of the household head, access to irrigation system, livestock owned, total income, and remittance positively affected household food security. In contrast, age of household head and distance to nearest market were negatively associated with food security. Conclusions The study conclude that any effort to increase household food security should consider empowerment of farmers through adequate training and informal education, enhancing crop diversification, strengthening the rural infrastructural development (roads, market centers, and cooperatives).

scholarly journals Household food insecurity and hunger among households in Sidama district, southern Ethiopia

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1276-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigatu Regassa ◽  
Barbara J Stoecker
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Household Food

AbstractObjectiveTo examine household food insecurity and hunger in Sidama Zone, one of the most populous zones in southern Ethiopia.DesignCross-sectional survey administered individually by trained interviewers. Food insecurity was calculated with both the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and the Household Hunger Scale (HHS), developed by the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project.SettingRural households from ten kebeles (the smallest administrative district) selected from two agro-climatic zones in Sidama, southern Ethiopia, from December 2010 to January 2011.SubjectsMen and women respondents from 1094 rural households were selected using multistage sampling techniques.ResultsUsing the HFIAS, 17·7 % of households were food secure. The percentage of households that were mildly, moderately and severely food insecure was 6·8 %, 27·7 % and 47·8 %, respectively. Using the HHS, 29·0 % and 5·6 % of households fell into the moderate and severe household hunger categories. Using multivariate statistical techniques, five variables were significant predictors of both food insecurity and hunger. These variables were migration of a household member, agro-climatic zone, and younger age, less education and lower radio access for the woman. Being eligible for safety-net credit programmes also was a predictor of hunger, while limited animal ownership and household wealth as well as alcohol use by the household head added to the prediction of food insecurity.ConclusionsThe study documented that food insecurity is a major concern of smallholder farming households in the study area. A substantial majority of the households were facing mild to severe food insecurity and hunger for an extended period of time.

DETERMINANTS OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION DECISION FOR OFF-FARM WORK OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN KONTUM PROVINCE, VIETNAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 126 (3E) ◽  
Author(s):  
Đào Thị Ly Sa
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Income Diversification ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Multi Stage

Abstract:  Kon Tum, a mountainous northernmost border province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, is one of the poorest provinces in Vietnam. Many studies recently identified that the diversification of incomes is a critical livelihood strategy for rural households in developing countries. Thus, this study analyzes the factors influencing income diversification decision for off-farm work of rural households. The binary logit model will be employed to investigate the determinants of income diversification decision of rural households for off-farm work. Through 200 households selected using multi-stage sampling technique, this study showed that participation in off-farm employment was influenced by gender, age, education of household head, family size, number of children attending school, farm size, access to credit, and access to tarred roads. The findings suggested that it is important to support both agricultural and non-agricultural sectors to succeed in terms of poverty reduction and food security.Keywords: income diversification, off-farm work, rural household, poverty,  Kon Tum

scholarly journals Determinants of Rural Households’ Vulnerability to Food Insecurity in Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fassil Eshetu
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Access To Credit

Abstract The aim of this study was to measure the level and determinants of rural households’ vulnerability to food insecurity using a sample of 574 households and feasible generalized least square method. Results showed that the mean level of food insecurity at high land, low land and middle land areas are 73.12, 77.11 and 52.24 percent respectively. But mean level of vulnerability to food insecurity at high land, low land and middle land areas are 76.87, 84.32 and 55.62 percent respectively. The overall level of food insecurity and vulnerability to food insecurity in the study area are 68.31 and 73.34 perecent respectively. Thus, vulnerability to food insecurity is more wide spread in the study areas particularly in moisture stress low land area. Logistic regression showed that age of household, family size, off farm income, safety net programs, distance from health, death of household members and death of animals significantly increase rural households’ vulnerability to food insecurity. But, farm income, irrigation use and credit uses significantly decrease rural households’ vulnerability to food insecurity. Hence, government may help rural households to gather more resources and reduce vulnerability to food insecurity via better access to credit, infrastructure, irrigation uses and population control.

scholarly journals STUDY OF DYNAMIC POVERTY IN EAST JAVA : IS HUMAN CAPITAL THE MOST APPROPRIATE WAY IN REDUCING POVERTY?

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-42
Author(s):  
Wahyu Wisnu Wardana
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Chronic Poverty ◽  
Component Approach ◽  
Transient Poverty

Dynamic poverty analysis distinguishes two kind of poverty: chronic and  transient poverty. Chronic poverty is long term poverty while transient poverty is  short term poverty. Theoretically, these two kind of poverty need different policy.  Chronic poverty needs human capital development whereas transient poverty needs  social safety net. This study aims to estimate chronic and transient poverty in East  Java and to analyze its determinants. This research used Component Approach to  estimate chronic and transient poverty. Tobit regression was employed to analyze its  determinants. This study utilized Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Social Economic  National Survey of Indonesia) year 2008 and year 2010. The result of this study  indicates that poverty in East Java is largely comprised of chronic poverty. Chronic  component of poverty is 76 percent and transient component of poverty is 24 percent.  The high chronic component of poverty is found in regency of, Malang, Kediri,  Sumenep, and Pasuruan. The regression result indicates that chronic and transient  poverty are influenced by education of household head, gender of household head,  access to credit and health insurance ownership. JEL Classification: C01, I32, I38, J24,

scholarly journals Determinants of Smallholders’ Food Security Status in Kalu District, Northern Ethiopia

Challenges ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Abdela Mohammed ◽  
Solomon Bizuayehu Wassie ◽  
Ermias Tesfaye Teferi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Binary Logit Model ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Binary Logit

This study analyzed the determinants of rural households’ food security in the Kallu district of the Amhara region, Northern Ethiopia. The study used primary data collected from 395 randomly selected rural households. The study employed descriptive statistics and a binary logit model to estimate the status and determinants of smallholders’ food security, respectively. Of the total sample households, 47.30% are food insecure. The binary logit model results showed that sex and education level of the household head, livestock ownership, credit access, and technology adoption have positive and significant effects on food security, while age and market distance are negatively associated with the probability to be food secure. The results suggest that improving access to marketing and financial services will contribute to improving the food security status of smallholders.

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