scholarly journals Taxonomy and Ecology of Ectomycorrhizal Macrofungi of Grand Teton National Park

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 83-84
Author(s):  
Kent McKnight ◽  
Kimball Harper ◽  
Karl McKnight
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
The Third

The research underway is directed toward 3 primary objectives. The first is to inventory and document the presence of the species of macrofungi growing in Grand Teton National Park and environs. Detailed descriptions are written for new and uncommon species. A second objective is to appraise the role of macrofungi in the Park ecosystem and the third is to prepare keys, illustrations, and descriptions for as many species as possible.

scholarly journals Behavior of River Otters in the Oxbow Bend Vicinity, Grand Teton National Park 1997 Season

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Joseph Hall
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Diurnal Activity ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
River Otters ◽  
The Third

1997 was the third and final season devoted to gaining information on the behavior of river otters with most emphasis on nocturnal and diurnal activity. As in the 1995 and 1996 seasons, six automatic camera monitors, activated by treadle switches, were put out at sites often frequented by these animals. In addition, canoes were frequently used for daytime patrols. Field work occurred from July 8 - August 6.

The Impact of Concessioners on Sustainability in and around U.S. National Parks: A Case Study of Grand Teton National Park Concessioners

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Qwynne Lackey ◽  
Kelly Bricker
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
The Impact

Concessioners play an important role in park and protected area management by providing visitor services. Historically, concessioners were criticized for their negative impacts on environmental sustainability. However, due to policy changes, technological advances, and shifting market demands, there is a need to reevaluate the role of concessioners in sustainable destination management in and around parks and protected areas. The purpose of this qualitative case study situated in Grand Teton National Park (GTNP), which was guided by social exchange theory, was to explore U.S. national park concessioners’ influence on sustainable development at the destination level from the perspective of National Park Service (NPS) staff, concessioners, and local community members. Sustainability was examined holistically as a multifaceted construct with integrated socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental dimensions. Twenty-three participants completed semistructured interviews. Researchers identified four thematic categories describing concessioners’ influence on sustainability; motivations and barriers to pursuing sustainability initiatives; and situational factors that facilitated concessioners’ sustainability actions. While participants commented on the negative environmental impacts of concessioners and their operations, these data suggest that concessioners were working individually and collaboratively to promote environmental, socioeconomic, and cultural sustainability in and around GTNP. Some concessioners were even described as leaders, testing and driving the development of innovative sustainability policies and practices. These actions were motivated, in part, by contractual obligations and profit generation. However, concessioners also had strong intangible motivators, such as intrinsic values and a strong sense of community, that drove their positive contributions to sustainability. Based on these data, we recommend that those involved in future theoretical and practical work with concessioners acknowledge the importance of both tangible and intangible motivators when attempting to promote higher levels of sustainability achievement and collaboration. This will become increasingly important as land management agencies continue to embrace strategies beyond the traditional “parks as islands” approach to management. Additionally, future work should explore more specifically the role of policy, conceptualizations of sustainability, and private industry sponsorship in promoting concessioners’ contributions to sustainability, especially in collaborative settings. This work is needed to understand if and how these observations generalize to other contexts.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Large Woody Debris on the Snake River, Grand Teton National Park

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Richard Marston ◽  
Robin Gray
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Large River ◽  
Large Woody Debris ◽  
Snake River ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Stream Morphology ◽  
Channel Bottom ◽  
The Relationship

Large woody debris (LWD) plays a key role in controlling the ecology and geomorphology of streams. Woody debris traps coarse particulate organic matter and sediments (Andersen and Sedell, 1979; Bilby and Likens, 1980; Marston, 1982); provides habitat for aquatic insects (Angermeier and Karr, 1984; Benke et al., 1985); and provides cover in pools and slow water areas (Bisson et al., 1982, 1987; Tschaplinski and Hartman, 1983; Fausch and Northcote, 1992). The role of wood in affecting stream morphology is dependent on the size of the stream (Bilby and Ward, 1989). In smaller streams, woody debris can create step pool sequences (Heede, 1972, 1985; Marston, 1982), increase pool area (Murphy and Hall, 1981; Ralph et al., 1994), and reduce sediment transport (Bilby, 1984). Nakamura and Swanson (1993) noted that the importance of woody debris to the morphology of first order streams can be limited by the size of the debris, which is often large enough to bridge the channel and not interact with the flow. Woody debris plays a larger role when it enters the channel bottom, where it can divert flow and affect erosion and deposition. The scale issues raised by Bilby and Ward (1989) and Nakamura and Swanson (1993) are critical to understanding the role of woody debris. To date, LWD has not been adequately studied at watershed scales in larger rivers. In fact, there is little understanding of the relationship between LWD and the geomorphic pattern of the river channel (Piegay and Marston, 1998; Piegay and Gumell, 1997; Piegay, 1993). The purpose of this study is to document the distribution of LWD jams on the Snake River in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming in order to understand the effects of LWD on channel morphology in large river systems.

scholarly journals Inventory of and Rehabilitation Recommendations for Sites Disturbed by Modern Man's Activities in Grand Teton National Park

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
E. McArthur ◽  
Stephen Monsen ◽  
A. Blauer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Condition ◽  
National Park ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Natural Recovery ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
The Third ◽  
Management Literature

This study has four principal objectives. The first was to locate and map the major areas in the Grand Teton National Park and the Rockefeller Memorial Parkway that have been disturbed or altered from their natural condition by modern man's activities. We were particularly concerned with those lands added to the Park in 1950 and up to the present. The second objective was to document the nature and extent of the disturbance at each site, including date of disturbance and the historical context in which the disturbances occurred. The third objective was to evaluate disturbed sites for cultural resource significance, whether or not artificial measures are needed to restore the sites to acceptable natural conditions, and how well they have progressed toward satisfactory restoration since they were disturbed. The final objective was to develop general guidelines and site specific plans for restoring or rehabilitating disturbed sites using information from the scientific and applied management literature and information that can be obtained from the disturbed sites themselves as to expected rates of natural recovery and the effectiveness of artificial measures that have been used previously.

scholarly journals Small Mammal Distributions in Riparian and Adjacent Habitats of Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
C. Villalobos ◽  
Barry Keller
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
National Park ◽  
Riparian Habitat ◽  
Riparian Ecosystems ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Riparian Areas ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Small Vertebrate

Riparian ecosystems are among the most productive biological systems providing food, water, shade, and cover for wildlife (Thomas et al. 1979a). Furthermore, they may display a greater diversity of plant and animal species and vegetative structure than adjacent ecosystems (USDI 1986). Thomas et al. (1979a) provide a descriptive definition which characterizes riparian ecosystems by the presence of trees, shrubs, or herbaceous vegetation that require free or unbound water, or conditions that are more moist than those of the surrounding areas. They suggest that more wildlife species depend entirely on or spend disproportionally more time in riparian habitat than any other. Although the importance of riparian vegetation to wildlife has been apparent since the 1970's, its overall importance to vertebrate species has not been widely studied, especially in the western United States (Patton 1977). Elsewhere, there is a paucity of information on the ecological role of small mammals in riparian areas. Because small vertebrate species may serve as an especially important link in the food chain of threatened, endangered, or reintroduced species, and because small mammal species seem to be compacted in environmentally diverse areas, analysis of riparian vertebrate communities should provide important insights in mechanisms of habitat subdivision and utilization. Clearly, riparian areas contain a greater variety of species than adjoining forest or upslope habitats (Cross 1985). The effect of patch shape on the number of species occupying riparian habitats also has received limited attention (Patton 1975). Because riparian habitat consists of a narrow patch, the elongated shape of riparian areas produces a low interior-to­high-edge ratio which may facilitate or enhance ecological processes, especially the production and dispersal of small mammals. Unfortunately, no documentation exists about patterns of mammalian movement along stream corridors (Forman and Godron 1986). Thus, the importance of the relative use of the edge, riparian, and upland areas by small mammals needs to be investigated, especially in forested mountain land, where riparian areas tend to have smaller areal extent and economic value than upslope vegetation (Swanson et al. 1982). The principle objective of our study was to determine if consistent environmental and landscape features could be found in western riparian, edge, and upland communities, and if these features affected residency of small mammals in Grand Teton National Park. Three independent study sites were studied from June, 1991 through October, 1991 in preparation for a proposed long-term analysis of the role of riparian areas in production of small mammals.

scholarly journals Survey of the Bat Species and their Habitat use in Grand Teton National Park

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
David Genter ◽  
Lee Metzgar
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
National Park ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Grand Teton National Park

Until recently, little attention has been directed to the bat fauna of GTNP. The role of bats in ecosystems is more significant than previously thought. Also, the public's awareness of bats is growing and as part of routine interpretive needs, the NPS must have factual information on all animals in the Park. A baseline survey was conducted to determine species composition, distribution, abundance, and habitat use of bats in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. The principal objectives are: 1. Obtain information on species occurrence and distribution within the Park; 2. Assess the population status for bat species present; 3. Identify rare species in the Park and identify management needs to ensure the viability of these species in GTNP; and 4. Evaluate potential conflicts with human activities.

A ‘Jurist-linguistic’ Reading of the wuḍūʾ Verse (Q. 5:6)

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 313-282
Author(s):  
ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Mūsā
Keyword(s):  
The Third

This article sheds light on the role of grammar in understanding legislative texts, with reference to the wuḍūʾ verse (Q. 5:6). The first section deals with the issue of washing the elbows along with the feet as part of ritual ablution, and lists the various interpretations of the preposition ilā in the aya, and discusses the grammatical theory used by different fuqahāʾ to support their arguments. The second section tackles how much of the head should be rubbed in ritual ablution, with regard to the use of the preposition bi- in the phrase bi-ruʾūsikum, while the third focuses on the two readings of the phrase arjulakum/arjulikum (‘your feet’) and on passing legislative judgement on whether the feet be washed or just rubbed. The study concludes that lugha and fiqh theory are of mutual importance and together help to clarify legislative judgements, and, on this basis, that jurists should not pass any legislative judgement without referring to language.

Minangkabau Language Maintenance by the Association of Sei Jaring Community in Medan

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yenita Uswar ◽  
Amrin Saragih ◽  
Tina Mariany Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Danger Level

The objectives of this qualitative research were (1) to identify the factors that affect the Minangkabau language (ML) maintenance in Medan, (2) to discover the parents’ efforts in maintaining ML in Medan and (3) to find out the reason why the speakers have to maintain ML. The souree of data is the nembers of the Association of Sei Jaring Community (Ikatan Warga Sei Jaring: IWS) in Medan. The sample was 10 families including 10 parents and their children. The instruments of this study are a questionnaire and an interview. The questionnaire was used to answer the factors affected the maintenance of ML and how factors affected the maintenance of ML. The interview was used to discover the influence why Minangkabau’s people have to maintain ML. There are four factors in ML maintenance, the parents’ role, the role of family, the intramarriage and homeland visits. After distributing questionnaire and did some interviews it is found that IWS especially for the third generation (children) has the danger level in ML when they communicate to each other. Meanwhile, the data analysis also shows that both fathers and mothers communicate to each other with ML. This condition occurred because of the influence of the environment. Parents have to keep communication and teaching Minangkabau language continuously to their children. so, the young generation can keep the existence of ML for their future. Keywords: Minangkabau Language Maintenance, parents’ efforts, the young generation.

Zakat as a Measure of Social Justice in Islamic Finance : An Accountant’s Overview

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranam Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Additional Amount ◽  
Important Form

Zakat is an important form of religiously mandated charity under Islam. It is the third pillar of Islam. The giving of Zakat is important for Muslims, as this leads to purification of their wealth from all sins. This paper examines the role of Zakat as an instrument of social justice and poverty eradication in society. Each Muslim calculates his or her own Zakat individually. Generally, this involves the payment each year of two and a half percent of one's capital, after the needs of the family have been met. One can donate additional amount as an act of voluntary charity but Zakat is fundamental to every Muslim. Zakat is the Islamic contribution to social justice: those who have to give charity share the benefit of their prosperity to those who have fallen short. This is the Islamic approach to remove greed and envy and to purify one's soul based on good intentions. This is the institution of Zakat in Islam. The institution of Zakat serves to eradicate poverty in the community and uphold the light of Islam. Allah says “whatever is paid as Zakat for the sake of Allah shall be rewarded in manifolds”.

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