scholarly journals Validation and Optimization of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles for Producing Lactose-Free Dairy Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-647
Author(s):  
Asim Muhammed Alshanberi ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Immobilized Enzyme ◽  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Lactose Hydrolysis ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Stable Matrix ◽  
Functionalized Aunps

The present study demonstrates the synthesis of lactose-free dairy items by Kluyveromyces lactis β-galactosidase bound to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The size of AuNPs was analyzed by dynamic light scattering experiment. The developed AuNPs served as a stable matrix for enzyme immobilization which was observed by obtaining 88% immobilization yield. Km and Vmax were determined for soluble and immobilized enzyme by incubating them with varying concentrations of substrate. Our findings demonstrated that immobilization leads to an increase of Km and a decline in Vmax values for the enzyme attached to PVA-functionalized AuNPs. Moreover, the enzyme conjugated to surface functionalized AuNPs displayed exceptional conversion of lactose hydrolysis in batch reactors at 40 oC in contrast to its hydrolysis at 50 oC. Hence, the developed nanosystem [β-galactosidase-(PVA-modified AuNPs)] serves as an excellent model for suggesting its application in other biomedical applications, particularly for constructing lactose based biosensors.

Tailored porphyrin–gold nanoparticles for biomedical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (07n08) ◽  
pp. 766-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalina E. Grigore ◽  
Rodica-M. Ion ◽  
Lorena Iancu ◽  
Ramona M. Grigorescu
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Quantum Yield Efficiency ◽  
Synthesis Approach ◽  
Functionalized Aunps

In this review we present an updated survey of the main synthesis methods of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in order to obtain various tailored nanosystems for biomedical imaging. The synthesis approach significantly impacts on the AuNPs properties such as surface chemistry, biocompatibility and cytotoxicity. In recent years, nanomedicine emphasized the development of functionalized AuNPs for biomedical imaging. AuNPs are a good option for used as delivery photosensitizer agents for PDT of cancer. For example, the complex formed from AuNPs functionalized with PEGylate porphyrins presents several advantages in the medical field such as a better use in photodynamic therapy because of high triplet states and singlet oxygen quantum yield efficiency of porphyrin molecules.

scholarly journals Immobilization of β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis onto a polysiloxane–polyvinyl alcohol magnetic (mPOS–PVA) composite for lactose hydrolysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 2334-2339 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F.M. Neri ◽  
Victor M. Balcão ◽  
Maria G. Carneiro-da-Cunha ◽  
Luiz B. Carvalho Jr. ◽  
José A. Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Lactose Hydrolysis

scholarly journals Future Applications of Apricot (Prunus Armeniaca Kaisa) ß Galactosidase in Dairy Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakeel Ahmed Ansari ◽  
Rukhsana Satar ◽  
Syed Kashif Zaidi ◽  
Mohd Jahir Khan ◽  
Muhammad Imran Naseer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Immobilized Enzyme ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Batch Processes ◽  
Lactose Hydrolysis ◽  
Initial Activity ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract The present study demonstrates the immobilization of β galactosidase from apricots (Prunus armeniaca kaisa) on an inexpensive concanavalin A layered cellulose-alginate hybrid gel. Immobilized β galactosidase retained 78% of the initial activity after crosslinking by glutaraldehyde. It exhibited greater fraction of activity at both acidic and basic pH, and showed broad spectrum temperature optimum as compared to free enzyme. Moreover, immobilized enzyme exhibited higher thermal stability at 60°C and retained 80% of the original enzyme activity in presence of 3% galactose. The crosslinked immobilized enzyme showed improved hydrolysis of lactose from milk and whey in batch processes at 50°C as well as in continuous reactors operated at fl ow rate of 20 mL/h and 30 mL/h even after one month. Moreover, crosslinked adsorbed β galactosidase retained 76% activity even after its sixth repeated use, thereby promoting its use for lactose hydrolysis in various dairy products even for longer durations.

scholarly journals Immobilization of Aspergillus oryzae  β-Galactosidase on Cellulose Acetate-Polymethylmethacrylate Membrane and Its Application in Hydrolysis of Lactose from Milk and Whey

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakeel Ahmed Ansari ◽  
Rukhsana Satar ◽  
Syed Kashif Zaidi ◽  
Abrar Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Immobilized Enzyme ◽  
Product Inhibition ◽  
Lactose Hydrolysis ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Maximum Reaction Rate ◽  
Maximum Reaction ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The present study demonstrates the immobilization of Aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase on cellulose acetate-polymethylmethacrylate (CA-PMMA) membrane and its application in hydrolyzing lactose in dairy industries. The effect of physical and chemical denaturants like pH, temperature, product inhibition by galactose, storage stability, and reuse number of the enzyme immobilized on CA-PMMA membrane has been investigated. Lactose was hydrolyzed from milk and whey in batch reactors at 50°C by free and immobilized β-galactosidase (IβG). Optimum pH for the free and immobilized enzyme was found to be the same, that is, 4.5. However, IβG retained greater fractions of catalytic activity at lower and higher pH ranges. The temperature optimum for the immobilized enzyme was increased by 10°C. Moreover, Michaelis-Menten constant was increased for IβG as compared to the native one while maximum reaction rate was reduced for the immobilized enzyme. The preserved activity of free and immobilized enzyme was found to be 45% and 83%, respectively, after five weeks of storage at 4°C. Reusability of IβG was observed to be 86% even after fifth repeated use, thereby signifying its application in lactose hydrolysis (as shown in lab-scale batch reactors) in various dairy products including milk and whey.

scholarly journals Phosphatidylserine-Gold Nanoparticles (PS-AuNP) Induce Prostate and Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1094
Author(s):  
Allan Radaic ◽  
Nam E. Joo ◽  
Soo-Hwan Jeong ◽  
Seong-II Yoo ◽  
Nicholas Kotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Track Record ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer ◽  
First Time

Prostate and breast cancer are the current leading causes of new cancer cases in males and females, respectively. Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an essential lipid that mediates macrophage efferocytosis and is dysregulated in tumors. Therefore, developing therapies that selectively restore PS may be a potential therapeutic approach for carcinogenesis. Among the nanomedicine strategies for delivering PS, biocompatible gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have an extensive track record in biomedical applications. In this study, we synthesized biomimetic phosphatidylserine-caped gold nanoparticles (PS-AuNPs) and tested their anticancer potential in breast and prostate cancer cells in vitro. We found that both cell lines exhibited changes in cell morphology indicative of apoptosis. After evaluating for histone-associated DNA fragments, a hallmark of apoptosis, we found significant increases in DNA fragmentation upon PS-AuNP treatment compared to the control treatment. These findings demonstrate the use of phosphatidylserine coupled with gold nanoparticles as a potential treatment for prostate and breast cancer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a phosphatidylserine-capped AuNP has been examined for its therapeutic potential in cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Green Silver and Gold Nanoparticles: Biological Synthesis Approaches and Potentials for Biomedical Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Rónavári ◽  
Nóra Igaz ◽  
Dóra I. Adamecz ◽  
Bettina Szerencsés ◽  
Csaba Molnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Silver And Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Comprehensive Collection ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The nanomaterial industry generates gigantic quantities of metal-based nanomaterials for various technological and biomedical applications; however, concomitantly, it places a massive burden on the environment by utilizing toxic chemicals for the production process and leaving hazardous waste materials behind. Moreover, the employed, often unpleasant chemicals can affect the biocompatibility of the generated particles and severely restrict their application possibilities. On these grounds, green synthetic approaches have emerged, offering eco-friendly, sustainable, nature-derived alternative production methods, thus attenuating the ecological footprint of the nanomaterial industry. In the last decade, a plethora of biological materials has been tested to probe their suitability for nanomaterial synthesis. Although most of these approaches were successful, a large body of evidence indicates that the green material or entity used for the production would substantially define the physical and chemical properties and as a consequence, the biological activities of the obtained nanomaterials. The present review provides a comprehensive collection of the most recent green methodologies, surveys the major nanoparticle characterization techniques and screens the effects triggered by the obtained nanomaterials in various living systems to give an impression on the biomedical potential of green synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles.

Gold nanoparticles in biomedical applications: recent advances and perspectives

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 2256-2282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lev Dykman ◽  
Nikolai Khlebtsov
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Recent Advances

Production and characterization of biocompatible nanofibrous scaffolds made of β-sitosterol loaded polyvinyl alcohol/tragacanth gum composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Albukhaty ◽  
Hassan Al-Karagoly ◽  
alireza allafchian ◽  
Seyed Amir Hossein Jalali ◽  
Thair Alkelabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
L929 Cell ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Normal Fibroblast ◽  
Tragacanth Gum ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Poorly Water Soluble

Abstract Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol and Tragacanth Gum were used to develop nanofibrous scaffolds containing poorly water-soluble beta-sitosterol. Different Concentration and Ratio of Polymeric composite: (10%) of β-S concentration in (PVA) 8 %, (TG) 0.5%, and 1% respectively were added, prepared and electrospun. The methods have included four parameters (Solution concentration, feeding rate, voltage, and distance of the collector to the tip of the needle) for designing and compared the nanofibers' average diameters. The nanofibers collected were identified via SEM, FTIR, and XRD measurements. A contact angle measurement described the hydrophilicity of the scaffold. MTT test was assessed for obtained nanofibers by using L929 normal fibroblast cells. The %age of mechanical strength, porosity, and deterioration of the scaffolds was well discussed. The average nanofibre ranged from 63 ± 20 nm to 97 ± 46 nm in diameters. The nanofibers loaded with β-S were freely soluble in water and displayed a short release lag time. The dissolution was related to an immediate dissolution, submicron-level recrystallization of β-S with sufficient conditions for nanofibers for L929 cell culture that could be used in biomedical applications. It concluded that electrospinning is a promising technique for poorly water-soluble β-S formulations that could be used in biomedical applications.

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