In the published article [1] the authors noticed an error in the ‘Percolation or Capillary Rise’ values reported in Table 4, column 4, and wish to make the following correction to their paper [1]: Table 4 should be replaced with the following: Actual Evapotranspiration (mm) Irrigation (mm) Percolation (−) or Capillary Rise (+) (mm) WUE (%) Maize 449 620 (438, 705) −589 (−243, −732) 50 (61, 44) Irrigated poplar 348 300 (300, 300) −247 (−215, −252) 57 (50, 58) Rainfed poplar 487 0 −18 (+232, −57) 159 (149, 159) WDA rice 537 1394 (964, 1620) −1002 (−491, −1206) 34 (43, 29) WFL rice 592 1852 (1508, 2210) −1266 (−860, −1693) 28 (32, 23) [...]
Proper irrigation management is critical to conserve and protect water resources and to properly manage nutrients in the home landscape. How lawns and landscapes are irrigated directly impacts the natural environment, so landscape maintenance professionals and homeowners must adopt environmentally-friendly approaches to irrigation management. After selecting the right plant for the right place, water is the next critical factor to establish and maintain a healthy lawn and landscape. Fertilization is another important component of lawn and landscape maintenance, and irrigation must be applied correctly, especially following fertilization, to minimize potential nutrient losses. This publication supplements other UF/IFAS Extension publications that also include information on the role of soil and the root zone in irrigation management. This publication is designed to help UF/IFAS Extension county agents prepare materials to directly address nutrient losses from lawns and landscapes caused by inadequate irrigation management practices. This 6-page fact sheet was written by George Hochmuth, Laurie Trenholm, Don Rainey, Esen Momol, Claire Lewis, and Brian Niemann, and published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, October 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss586
Water is a limiting factor in Florida citrus production during the majority of the year because of the low water holding capacity of sandy soils resulting from low clay and the non-uniform distribution of the rainfall. In Florida, the major portion of rainfall comes in June through September. However, rainfall is scarce during the dry period from February through May, which coincides with the critical stages of bloom, leaf expansion, fruit set, and fruit enlargement. Irrigation is practiced to provide water when rainfall is not sufficient or timely to meet water needs. Proper irrigation scheduling is the application of water to crops only when needed and only in the amounts needed; that is, determining when to irrigate and how much water to apply. With proper irrigation scheduling, yield will not be limited by water stress. With citrus greening (HLB), irrigation scheduling is becoming more important and critical and growers cannot afford water stress or water excess. Any degree of water stress or imbalance can produce a deleterious change in physiological activity of growth and production of citrus trees. The number of fruit, fruit size, and tree canopy are reduced and premature fruit drop is increased with water stress. Extension growth in shoots and roots and leaf expansion are all negatively impacted by water stress. Other benefits of proper irrigation scheduling include reduced loss of nutrients from leaching as a result of excess water applications and reduced pollution of groundwater or surface waters from the leaching of nutrients. Recent studies have shown that for HLB-affected trees, irrigation frequency should increase and irrigation amounts should decrease to minimize water stress from drought stress or water excess, while ensuring optimal water availability in the rootzone at all times.
The book; under review provides a valuable account of the
issues and factors in managing the irrigation system, and presents a
lucid and thorough discussion on the performance of the irrigation
bureaucracies. It comprises two parts: the first outlines the factors
affecting irrigation performance under a wide range of topics in the
first five chapters. In Chapter One, the authors have attempted to
assess the performance of the irrigation bureaucracies, conceptualise
irrigation management issues, and build an empirical base for analysis
while drawing upon the experience of ten country cases in Asia, Africa,
and Latin America. The Second Chapter focuses on the variations in the
management structures identified and the types of irrigation systems;
and it defines the variables of the management structures. The
activities and objectives of irrigation management are discussed in
Chapter Three. The objectives include: greater production and
productivity of irrigation projects; improved water distribution;
reduction in conflicts; greater resource mobilisation and a sustained
system performance. The authors also highlight the performance criterion
in this chapter. They identify about six contextual factors which affect
the objectives and the performance of irrigation, which are discussed in
detail in Chapter Four. In Chapter Five, some organisational variables,
which would lead to improvements in irrigation, are examined.
Correction: Mayer, A., et al. A Comprehensive Modelling Approach to Assess Water Use Efficiencies of Different Irrigation Management Options in Rice Irrigation Districts of Northern Italy. Water 2019, 11, 1833
