Spatial Path Selection and Network Topology Optimisation in P2P Anonymous Routing Protocols

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Tošic ◽  
Jernej Vičič
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Cloud Provider ◽  
Topology Optimisation ◽  
Internet Privacy ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Anonymous Routing ◽  
Communication Layer ◽  
Level Information ◽  
High Level

To anonymous internet traffic, many popular protocols route traffic through a network of nodes in order to conceal information about the request. However, routing traffic through other nodes inherently introduces added latency. Over the past two decades, there were many attempts to improve the path selection in order to decrease latency with little or no trade-off in terms of security, and anonymity. In this paper, we show the potential use of geo-sharding in decentralized routing networks to improve fault-tolerance, and latency. Such networks can be used as a communication layer for Edge devices computing huge amounts of data. Specifically, we focus our work on Low Latency Anonymous Routing Protocol (LLARP), a protocol built on top of Oxen blockchain that aims to achieve internet privacy. We analyse the existing network of Service Nodes(SN), observe cloud provider centralisation, and propose a high level protocol that provides incentives for a better geographical distribution mitigating potential cloud provider/country wide service dropouts. Additionally, the protocol level information about geographical location can be used to improve client’s path (the string of nodes that will participate in the transaction) selection, decreasing network latency. We show the feasibility of our approach by comparing it with the random path selection in a simulated environment. We observe marginal drops in average latency when selecting paths geographically closer to each other.

scholarly journals Developing a BIM-Based MUVR Treadmill System for Architectural Design Review and Collaboration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6881
Author(s):  
Calvin Chung Wai Keung ◽  
Jung In Kim ◽  
Qiao Min Ong
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Human Locomotion ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Review ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level

Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the medium of choice for various architecture, engineering, and construction applications, such as design visualization, construction planning, and safety training. In particular, this technology offers an immersive experience to enhance the way architects review their design with team members. Traditionally, VR has used a desktop PC or workstation setup inside a room, yielding the risk of two users bump into each other while using multiuser VR (MUVR) applications. MUVR offers shared experiences that disrupt the conventional single-user VR setup, where multiple users can communicate and interact in the same virtual space, providing more realistic scenarios for architects in the design stage. However, this shared virtual environment introduces challenges regarding limited human locomotion and interactions, due to physical constraints of normal room spaces. This study thus presented a system framework that integrates MUVR applications into omnidirectional treadmills. The treadmills allow users an immersive walking experience in the simulated environment, without space constraints or hurt potentialities. A prototype was set up and tested in several scenarios by practitioners and students. The validated MUVR treadmill system aims to promote high-level immersion in architectural design review and collaboration.

scholarly journals Inference of Mood State Indices by Using a Multimodal High-Level Information Fusion Technique

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Chih-Hua Tai ◽  
Kuo-Hsuan Chung ◽  
Ya-Wen Teng ◽  
Feng-Ming Shu ◽  
Yue-Shan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Information Fusion ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Fusion Technique ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Information Fusion Technique ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Regional demographic policy as a component of social well-being of population (on the materials of Primorsky krai)

POPULATION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Elena Kostina ◽  
Nadezhda Orlova ◽  
Anastasia Rubina
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Far East ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
And Migration ◽  
High Level ◽  
Demographic Policy

The relevance of the regional demographic policy study in the Far East is beyond doubt. This article considers the real demographic situation in Primorsky krai and shows that its territory has seen a steady decline in the population due to natural decrease and migration outflow connected with the low standard and quality of life that in turn reduces the attractiveness of the region and makes it particularly vulnerable to global challenges. Attention is paid to the fact that under the conditions of the Russian Federation subjects' differentiation by geographical location, natural resources potential and level of socio-economic development there is no single approach to the regional demographic policy. Differences in the characteristics of the subjects lead to the necessity of developing demographic programs that would take into account the regional specifics, traditions, characteristics and needs of a particular territory. There are presented the results of the author's study of subjective assessments of the social well-being of young people in Primorsky krai and their migration intentions. The data obtained show that a significant part of young people assess the situation in Primorsky krai as unfavorable for further self-realization; the majority of respondents answered that in other regions/countries it would be easier for them to build a career, start a business, and achieve a high level of material well-being. The directions of the regional demographic policy, which allow attracting and retaining highly qualified personnel in the region, are suggested.

High-level information fusion and situation awareness

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieczyslaw M. Kokar ◽  
Gee Wah Ng
Keyword(s):  
Information Fusion ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Level Information ◽  
High Level

Governing Information Security

2013 ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Yu “Andy” Wu ◽  
Carol Stoak Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Decision Rights ◽  
Security Governance ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Information Security Governance ◽  
Allocation Patterns ◽  
High Level ◽  
Decisional Authority ◽  
Selection Of

Governance of the information security function is critical to effective security. In this paper, the authors present a conceptual model for security governance from the perspective of decision rights allocation. Based on Da Veiga and Eloff’s (2007) framework for security governance and two high-level information security documents published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the authors present seven domains of information security governance. For each of the governance domains, they propose a main decision type, using the taxonomy of information technology decisions defined by Weill and Ross (2004). This framework recommends the selection of decision rights allocation patterns that are proper to those decision types to ensure good security decisions. As a result, a balance can be achieved between decisional authority and responsibility for information security.

Distance Education Teaching Methods in Childcare Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 1168-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wiesner-Steiner ◽  
Heike Wiesner ◽  
Petra Luck
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
New Media ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
High Level

The cultural and technical history of e-learning scenarios can be traced back to traditional forms of distance studies, CD-Rom learning programmes, audio-programmes or educational TV. But other than these forerunners, two closely related myths often shape policy towards ICT and education: the irresistible power of globalisation and the determining effect of technology. Both views present the success of e-learning throughout the education system as inevitable. The space left for practitioners in higher education is either to embrace the new media or to watch its inevitable unfolding. In this paper we take a critical stance towards that perspective and suggest that the shape and learning effect of new media in higher education is contested and evolves in communities of practice. No technologies are neutral and it is more appropriate to speak of economic, technological and societal features as interactively fostering the importance of e-learning through distributed actions (Rammert, 2002). From such a perspective, e-learning is perceived as a co-product of didactically and technically situated features (Wiesner-Steiner, Wiesner, & Schelhowe, 2006) that foster and enable but don`t determine human learning through the use of digital technologies. Main characteristics are: • Interactive and multimedial design of content • Learning via digital networks • Netbased communication The EU-Leonardo-project “European Enhancement of Early Years Management Skills—EEEYMS” (http://www. eeeyms.org/) was intended to enhance employability of people employed in the Early Years Childcare management sector by providing access to a high level qualification in line with the emerging industry requirements. This was achieved by developing distance learning materials available via the World Wide Web and other forms of media including CDRom` s, specific to the employment area which is also aligned to a degree pathway, and will be available within Europe. It was further achieved by the creation of a European network association for childcare to ensure sustainability after the project is complete. EEEYMS provides an accredited route for the attainment of a relevant degree level qualification for careers and managers within the childcare sector, and assist in attracting suitable people into this employment sector to meet the childcare demand over the next 10 years. With ODL materials, the project enhances employment opportunities and career status for a still predominantly female workforce. Research suggests that the increased status and professionalisation obtained through the availability of a high level qualification will make the industry more attractive to male employees. EEEYMS thus provided higher level qualification to people disadvantaged in the labour market and those who faced discrimination in accessing training due to disability, geographical location or family commitments. The use of ICT systems was thus thought to enhance knowledge and learning experience and the employability factors, as the knowledge will be directly transferable to the work environment.

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