scholarly journals The diversity and physiological activities of weeds in land cultivated with various corn cultivars and fertilized with various nitrogen doses

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-628
Author(s):  
MUJI RAHAYU ◽  
PRAPTO YUDONO ◽  
DIDIK INDRADEWA ◽  
EKO HANUDIN
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Dactyloctenium Aegyptium

Abstract. Rahayu M, Yudono P, Indradewa D, Hanudin E. 2019. The diversity and physiological activities of weeds in land cultivated with various corn cultivars and fertilized with various nitrogen doses. Biodiversitas 20: 622-628. Both weeds and corn have nutrient needs. Nitrogen is one of the essential elements required by weeds and corn. Each corn cultivar and weed also has different ability to absorb nitrogen. This study aimed to determine the effect of corn cultivar and nitrogen dose on the diversity and physiological activities of weeds. The research was conducted in Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta from December 2016 to May 2017. The study used a completely randomized block design with 2 factors with three replications. The first factor was corn cultivar, consisting of four cultivars (Bisi 18, NK 33, DK 95 and Sukmaraga) and the second factor was the nitrogen dose, consisting of three levels (25 kg N ha-1, 150 kg N ha-1 and 275 kg N ha-1). The data were analyzed using 5% variance analysis and continued with Duncan test at 5% level. The results showed that the most commonly found weeds were broadleaves, but the most dominant weed was a grass, namely Dactyloctenium aegyptium, except Sukmaraga with nitrogen doses of 25 kg ha-1 and 150 kg ha-1 in 4 weeks after planting (WAP). In 8 WAP, weeds that grew in land planted with all combinations of cultivars and nitrogen doses were Cyperus rotundus, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Digitaria ciliaris, Eleusine indica, Eragrostis tenella, Amaranthus spinosus, and Richardia scabra. There were no significant differences on the nitrate reductase activity, chlorophyll content, leaf area index, and dry weight among cultivars. The treatment of 25 kg N ha-1 resulted in the lowest leaf area index and total chlorophyll content, but the highest nitrate reductase activity.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of wheat at different dates of sowing under chrland ecosystem of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Kamrozzaman ◽  
MAH Khan ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
N Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Growth Rate

An experiment was conducted at Sadipur charland under Farming System Research and Development Site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur, during rabi season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the growth and yield performance of cv. BARI Gom-24 as affected by different dates of sowing under Agro-ecological Zone-12 (AEZ-12) of Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six replications, comprising five different dates of sowing viz. November 5, November 15, November 25, December 5 and December 15. Results reveal that the tallest plant, leaf area index, total dry matter, and crop growth rate were observed in November 25 sown crop and leaf area index, total dry matter and crop growth rate were higher at booting, grain filling, and tillering stages of the crop. Maximum effective tillers hill-1 (3.49), spikes m-2, (311), number of grains spike-1 (42.20) and 1000-grain weight (52.10 g) were produced by November 25 sown crop exhibited the highest grain (4.30 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.94 t ha-1) as well as harvest index (46.88%) of the crop. Lowest performance was observed both in early (November 5) and late sown crop (December 15). The overall results indicated that November 25 sown crop showed better performance in respect of growth and yield of wheat under charland ecosystem of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 147-154, December 2016

Estimation of leaf area index and leaf chlorophyll content in Sporobolus densiflorus using hyperspectral measurements and PROSAIL model simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1181-1200
Author(s):  
Estefanía Piegari ◽  
Juan I. Gossn ◽  
Francisco Grings ◽  
Verónica Barraza Bernadas ◽  
Ángela B. Juárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll

scholarly journals Influence of Spiral Nematodes (Scutellonema spp.) on Maize Performance and Growth under Natural Field Infestation in Mwea, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Samuel Maina ◽  
Rossa Nyoike Ng’endo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a significant food security crop in Kenya and it serves as the main source of nutrition and calories among the small-holder farmers. The overall maize yields per hectare have been fluctuating in the past few years posing a great risk to food security. Among the stress factors associated with maize yield loss include plant-feeding nematodes. In this regard, this study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of plant-parasitic nematodes specifically Scutellonema spp. under field conditions on maize performance in Mwea, Kenya. The field trials were laid out in a randomized complete block design with each treatment comprising of four replicates. The treatments included maize plots without nematicide (MPWN) and control plots treated with nematicide. The experiments were conducted in two trials. Soil samples were taken at a 0–20 cm depth at monthly intervals during 2018–2019. During the two trials, MPWN recorded significantly lower plant height and number of leaves per plant. Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between Scutellonema abundance with leaf area index, plant height, and number of functional leaves in MPWN during the 2019 trial. This implies that high population of Scutellonema perhaps has the potential to affect leaf area index, plant height, number of leaves per plant, which are aspects that in turn influence maize productivity. Therefore, holistic sustainable management practices to control Scutellonema spp. in maize fields such as use of organic amendments, resistant maize cultivars, and antagonistic organisms are crucial in order to alleviate negative impacts linked to Scutellonema infestation.

scholarly journals Joint leaf chlorophyll content and leaf area index retrieval from Landsat data using a regularized model inversion system (REGFLEC)

2015 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 203-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Houborg ◽  
Matthew McCabe ◽  
Alessandro Cescatti ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Mitchell Schull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Landsat Data ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Model Inversion ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Regularized Model

Retrieval of leaf chlorophyll content in field crops using narrow-band indices: effects of leaf area index and leaf mean tilt angle

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (24) ◽  
pp. 6031-6055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Zou ◽  
Rocío Hernández-Clemente ◽  
Priit Tammeorg ◽  
Clara Lizarazo Torres ◽  
Frederick L. Stoddard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll

scholarly journals Improvement of Snap Beans Yield through the Application of N, P, K and Granule Organic Fertilizers on Inceptisols Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-182
Author(s):  
Kusumiyati ◽  
Wawan Sutari ◽  
Arif Affan Wicaksono ◽  
Ade Risti Oktavia
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Snap Beans ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Pod Length

Balanced organic and inorganic fertilization is expected to improve low nutrient on Inceptisols to increased snap bean production. The effect of the combination of N, P, K, and granule organic fertilizer on bean harvests was the purpose of this study. The parameters were leaf area index (LDA), shoot-root ratio, the weight of pods, pod length, pod diameter, percentage of the number of pods, marketable and unmarketable,and percentage of pods by quality class. The experiment was conducted in February to April 2016 at Ciparanje Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran Univeristy, Jatinangor. The study was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) with 10 treatments and 3 replications. The experimental results showed that N, P, K fertilizer and granule organic fertilizer (GOF) in the order of Inceptisols significantly affected the weight of pods. Application 50% of the dosage N, P, K fertilizer combined with 50% dosage of granule organic fertilizer resulted in a higher pod weight per plot, which reached 2 439.84 g. Keywords: an organic fertilizer, granule organic fertilizer, leaf area index, quality grade, shoot-root ratio,

scholarly journals Nitrate reductase activity and spad readings in leaf tissues of guinea grass submitted to nitrogen and potassium rates

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Lavres Junior ◽  
João de Deus Gomes dos Santos Junior ◽  
Francisco Antonio Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Spad Readings

Nitrogen and K deficiency are among the most yield limiting factors in Brazilian pastures. The lack of these nutrients can hamper the chlorophyll biosynthesis and N content in plant tissues. A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the relationship among N and K concentrations, the indirect determination of chlorophyll content (SPAD readings), nitrate reductase activity (RNO3-) in newly expanded leaf lamina (NL) and the dry matter yield for plant tops of Mombaça grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.). A fractionated 5² factorial design was used, with 13 combinations of N and K rates in the nutrient solution. The experimental units were arranged in a randomized block design, with four replications. Plants were harvested twice. The first harvest occurred 36 days after seedling transplanting and the second 29 days after the first. Significance occurred for the interaction between the N and K rates to SPAD readings and to RNO3- assessment taken on the NL during the first growth. Besides, RNO3- and SPAD readings increased only with the NL N concentration, reaching the highest values of both variables up to about 25 g kg-1, but were ratively constant at higher leaf N. Significant relationships either between SPAD readings or RNO3- activity and shoot dry mass weight were also observed. The critical levels of N concentration in the NL were, respectively, 22 and 17g kg-1 in the first and second harvest. Thus, SPAD instrument and RNO3- assessment can be used as complementary tools to evaluate the N status in forage grass.

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