scholarly journals New emerging entomopathogenic fungi isolated from soil in South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their filtrate and conidial insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Herlinda ◽  
Riski Anwar Efendi ◽  
Radix Suharjo ◽  
Hasbi Hasbi ◽  
Arum Setiawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Penicillium Citrinum

Abstract. Herlinda S, Efendi RA, Suharjo R, Hasbi, Setiawan A, Elfita, Verawaty M. 2020. New emerging entomopathogenic fungi isolated from soil in South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their filtrate and conidial insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura. Biodiversitas 21: 5102-5113. This study was carried out to confirm identity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae using sequence analysis of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region as well as the two unknown isolates of EPF and to investigate their filtrate and conidial insecticidal activity against S. litura larvae. The EPF species were identified based on morphological characters and molecular analysis. Their culture filtrate and conidial bioassays were performed on S. litura larvae. The species found were Penicillium citrinum (BKbTp), Talaromyces diversus (MSwTp1), B. bassiana (BSwTd4), and M. anisopliae (MSwTp3) and have been deposited in the GenBank. All EPF species have high insecticidal activity against S. litura larvae. The highest larvae mortality caused by filtrate was found on P. citrinum (98.67%) and not significantly different from those of T. diversus (96%), but significantly different from B. bassiana (86.67%) and M anisopliae (82.67%). The highest larvae mortality caused by the conidia was also occurred to P. citrinum (98.67%) which was not significantly different from those of T. diversus (97.33%), B. bassiana (86.67%), and M. anisopliae (86.67%). The LT50 caused by T. diversus filtrate was the shortest (6.19 days) and not significantly different from those caused by P. citrinum (6.62 days). The shortest LT50 caused by conidia was found on P. citrinum (5.45 days). Therefore, the conidia and filtrate of P. citrinum, a new emerging entomopathogenic fungus, has the highest insecticidal activity. P. citrinum has the potential to be developed into commercial mycoinsecticides.

scholarly journals Toxicity of entomopathogenic fungal culture filtrate of lowland and highland soil of South Sumatra (Indonesia) against Spodoptera litura larvae

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
MIMMA GUSTIANINGTYAS ◽  
Siti Herlinda ◽  
SUWANDI ◽  
SUPARMAN ◽  
HARMAN HAMIDSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Toxic Culture

Abstract. Gustianingtyas M, Herlinda S, Suwandi, Suparman, Hamidson H, Hasbi, Setiawan A, Verawaty M, Elfita, Arsi. 2020. Toxicity of entomopathogenic fungal culture filtrate of lowland and highland soil of South Sumatra against Spodoptera litura larvae. Biodiversitas 21: 1839-1849. The use of secondary fungal metabolites for the active ingredient of mycoinsecticide is more effective and more easily integrated with other pest control techniques. This study aimed to measure the toxicity of the culture filtrate of entomopathogenic fungi originating from South Sumatra against the Spodoptera litura larvae. Beauveria bassiana (25 isolates) and Metarhizium anisopliae (20 isolates) of South Sumatra were cultured in liquid media and filtered to produce culture filtrate. The larvae which were sick due to the filtrate showed the symptoms of decreased appetite and were not actively moving, while the dead larvae were characterized by being wrinkled, dry, black integument, and odorless. Mortality caused by B. bassiana filtrate was the highest 98% (BJgTs isolate) and not significantly different from the BSwTd2 isolate (94.67%). Yet, the LT50 BSwTd2 isolate was shorter (5.92 days) compared to the LT50 BJgTs isolate (6.35 days). The most toxic M. anisopliae filtrate produced the mortality of 96% (MKbTp2 isolate) and 85.33% (MPdB isolate) each of which had LT50 of 7.36 days and 8.09 days, respectively. So, the most toxic culture filtrate was BSwTd2 isolate of B. bassiana and MKbTp2 isolate of M. anisopliae. The entomopathogenic fungi producing filtrate which are toxic have the potential to be active ingredients of mycoinsecticides.

scholarly journals WildTermitomycesSpecies Collected from Ondo and Ekiti States Are More Related to African Species as Revealed by ITS Region of rDNA

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Olusegun Oyetayo
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
African Countries ◽  
African Species ◽  
Its Sequence Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Molecular identification of eighteenTermitomycesspecies collected from two states, Ondo and Ekiti in Nigeria was carried out using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The amplicons obtained from rDNA ofTermitomycesspecies were compared with existing sequences in the NCBI GenBank. The results of the ITS sequence analysis discriminated between all theTermitomycesspecies (obtained from Ondo and Ekiti States) andTermitomycessp. sequences obtained from NCBI GenBank. The degree of similarity of T1 to T18 to gene ofTermitomycessp. obtained from NCBI ranges between 82 and 99 percent.Termitomycesspecies from Garbon with ascension number AF321374 was the closest relative of T1 to T18 except T12 that has T. eurhizus and T. striatus as the closet relative. Phylogenetic tree generated with ITS sequences obtained from NCBI GenBank data revealed that T1 to T18 are more related toTermitomycesspecies indigenous to African countries such as Senegal, Congo, and Gabon.

scholarly journals Insecticidal activity of entomopathogenic fungi and neem-based biopesticide (Azadirachta indica) on Spodoptera litura

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 01055
Author(s):  
Ade Aliyya ◽  
Apriwi Zulfitri ◽  
Umi Zakiah ◽  
Arief Heru Prianto ◽  
Titik Kartika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Treated Water

Chemical pesticide has been used extensively to control Spodoptera litura that attack economically important crops.The use of synthetic pesticides with high intensity is detrimental to the quality of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal activity of entomopathogenic fungi and neem-based biopesticide on S. litura using spraying and forced feeding method. The treatments were spore solution of Trichoderma viride, Metarhizium sp. T4.B23, Metarhizium sp. B2.2 applied at 108 spores/mL, biopesticide formulation containing neem extract (Agr1) at 10% (v/v), and water as control. Each treatment was sprayed 0.3 mL directly onto larvae of S. litura while in forced feeding method, the larvae were fed on 1 gr of treated water spinach. Entomopathogenic fungal spore solution did not show efficacy on S litura larvae in both methods, while Agr 1 caused 90 and 40% mortality in spraying and forced feeding method, respectively. Furthermore, the efficacy of Agr 1 was compared to Agr 2 that contains neem extract and wood vinegar. Agr 2 caused 100% mortality when sprayed onto S. litura larvae, and more than 90% of larvae were died when forced to feed treated water spinach. Agr2 has better potential than Agr1 to control S. litura.

scholarly journals Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region reveals a novel clade of Ichthyophonus sp. from rainbow trout

2010 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Rasmussen ◽  
MK Purcell ◽  
JL Gregg ◽  
SE LaPatra ◽  
JR Winton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Its Region

Characterization and phylogenetic diversity of Agrobacterium vitis from Serbia based on sequence analysis of 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region

2014 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nemanja Kuzmanović ◽  
Milan Ivanović ◽  
Anđelka Prokić ◽  
Katarina Gašić ◽  
Nevena Zlatković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Its Region ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Agrobacterium Vitis

scholarly journals Insecticidal activity of culture filtrates from liquid medium of Beauveria bassiana isolates from South Sumatra (Indonesia) wetland soil against larvae of Spodoptera litura

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
DWI RIZKI AYUDYA ◽  
Siti Herlinda ◽  
SUWANDI SUWANDI
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Toxic Activity ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana Isolates

Abstract. Ayudya DR, Herlinda S, Suwandi S. 2019. Insecticidal activity of culture filtrates from liquid medium of Beauveria bassiana isolates from South Sumatra (Indonesia) wetland soil against larvae of Spodoptera litura. Biodiversitas 20: 2101-2109. The obstacle in utilizing entomopathogenic fungi to control pest insects in wetlands is the inability of their isolates to survive during the saprophytic phase due to the soil being very acidic. Therefore, the exploration of fungi being able to survive in the acidic soil was utilized in the acidic ecosystem. This study aimed to test the toxic activity of Beauveria bassiana culture filtrates from liquid medium at pH 2.5 and 6 against Spodoptera litura larvae. Total of ten isolates collected from South Sumatra, Indonesia was grown in liquid media at pH of 2.5 and 6 for six weeks. The result showed that the culture filtrate from liquid medium at pH 6 was more toxic against the larvae than that at pH 2.5. The mortality of the larvae at pH 6 reached 92%, while that at pH 2.5 it reached 13.33% only. The findings of present study revealed that the culture filtrate isolates of BPdR, BJgTs, BSwTd2, BSwTd3, BSwTd4, BKKPp2 from pH 2.5 media still caused high larvae mortality (6.67-13.33%). These seven isolates are superior due to their toxic nature at pH 2.5. Consequently, present study has increased the chances of success in utilizing these isolates for biological control in acidic ecosystems, such as peatlands, tidal lowlands, and freshwater swamps.

scholarly journals Analysis of thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) diversity in avocado shows the presence of a new species and limitations of using the COI gene for differentiation of two species

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Cano-Calle ◽  
Clara Inés Saldamando-Benjumea ◽  
Claudia Ximena Moreno-Herrera ◽  
Rafael Eduardo Arango-Isaza
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Thrips Palmi ◽  
Thrips Species ◽  
Quarantine Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Thrips are important pests of avocados causing damage to the fruits, making themunsuitable for exportation. Many of them are quarantine species and their identification isnecessary. Despite their importance, not many studies describe thrips diversity on avocado,especially in Colombia, partly because identification of some of the species is difficult usingclassical taxonomic keys. In this study, 93 adult thrips specimens were collected on avocadoand adventitious dandelion plants from plantations in the department of Antioquia, Colombia. Morphological characters were used to classify 62 of them and all of them were analyzed by PCR amplification and sequencing of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The species identified by morphological features were Frankliniella gardeniae Moulton, F. gossypiana Hood, F. panamensis Hood, Liothrips perseae Watson, Thrips palmi Karny, T. simplex (Morison), T. trehernei Priesner, Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford DL), and Scirtothrips hansoni Mound & Hoddle (Tubulifera), being F. panamensis, M. abdominalis, and S. hansoni reported for the first time on avocado in Colombia. Thrips simplex and T. trehernei were also found on adventitious dandelion plants, but not on avocado. Phylogenetic analysis of COI and ITS sequences showed that most species, except for F. gardeniae and F. gossypiana were mainly identified with the COI gene. Furthermore, FST values obtained between them suggest no genetic differentiation at COI level. The results obtained here contribute to the knowledge of the diversity of thrips species found on the avocado crop in Colombia and are meaningful for pest management.

Characterization of Metarhizium anisopliae using amplifed ribossomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (101) ◽  
pp. 16635-16639
Author(s):  
Maria do Carmo Catanho Pereira de Lyra ◽  
◽  
Maria Luiza Ribeiro Bastos da Silva ◽  
Vanildo Alberto Leal Bezerra Cavalcanti ◽  
Adália Cavalcanti Espírito Santo Mergulhão
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Its Sequence Analysis ◽  
Dna Restriction

Heliocybe villosa sp. nov., a new member to the genus Heliocybe (Gloeophyllales)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 349 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
MING ZHANG ◽  
TAI-HUI LI ◽  
BIN SONG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Hyphal System

Heliocybe villosa sp. nov. from southern China, is described, illustrated and discussed here based on its distinct morphological characters and molecular data. It is characterized by a yellowish brown pileus densely covered with orange brown villous hairs or flocci, white and close lamellae with serrated edge, broadly cylindric to subreniform basidiospores 7–9 × 3–3.5 μm, and monomitic hyphal system without clamp connections. Phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region further confirmed its placement in Heliocybe, and the second recorded species for this genus.

Primulina guizhongensis (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
BO ZHAO ◽  
BO PAN ◽  
YANG ZHANG ◽  
FANG WEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Threat Analysis ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Primulina is described and illustrated from southern China (Guangxi zhuang Autonomous Region) as P. guizhongensis. This new species is similar to P. spadiciformis based on morphological characters. Sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the plastid trnL-F intronspacer (trnL-F) from the new species and its 22 relatives are used to resolve generic placement of the new species in Primulina. In spite of three species are vastly different in morphology, the molecular evidences showed that the closest relatives of P. guizhongensis are P. mollifolia and P. luochengensis. The conservation threat analysis is summarized according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

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