Is there a role for music in reducing anxiety in plastic surgery minor operations?

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Sadideen ◽  
A Parikh ◽  
T Dobbs ◽  
A Pay ◽  
PS Critchley
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Surgical Setting ◽  
Group 1

Introduction It is well documented that music plays a role in reducing anxiety levels. Its role in reducing intra-operative anxiety levels in surgical patients while awake is less well known. We report the effects of music on intra-operative patient anxiety in both the elective and trauma plastic surgical setting. Methods Two groups of patients undergoing local anaesthetic surgical procedures were identified: those where music was played in the operating theatre (Group 1) and those where it was not (Group 2). Ninety-six patients were included. Subjectively anxiety was evaluated by the patient with a visual analogue scale (VAS) and objectively by the respiratory rate (RR), both pre and post-operatively. The unpaired t-test was used to evaluate the statistical significance of differences between the groups. Results The mean pre-operative VAS score was similar in both groups (5.7 in Group 1 and 5.8 in Group 2). The mean preoperative RR was 15 breaths per minute in both groups. Post-operatively, the VAS score and RR were both lower in Group 1 (VAS: 3.5 vs 4.9; p<0.01 and RR: 11 vs 13 breaths per minute; p<0.05). Conclusions In the era of the patient centred approach to clinical care, it is crucial to minimise patient anxiety. Music appears to reduce intra-operative anxiety in awake patients in both the elective and trauma plastic surgical setting. Easy listening music and chart classics appear to be suitable genres according to patients. We believe there is a role for a large, multicentre, randomised control study to examine the benefits of music in all local anaesthetic procedures across different specialties.

scholarly journals The use of an antagonist 5-HT2a/c for depression and motor function in Parkinson' disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (2b) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Luiz dos Santos Werneck ◽  
Ana Lucia Rosso ◽  
Maurice Borges Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Initial Moment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

OBJECTIVE: To test the ability of a 5HT2a/c (trazodone) antagonist, to improve depression and motor function in Parkinson' disease (PD). METHOD: Twenty PD patients with and without depression were randomly assigned to receive trazodone (group 1) or not (group 2). They were evaluated through UPDRS and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). RESULTS: For the UPDRS the mean score of group 2 was 33.1 ± 19.7 and 37.1 ± 18.0 at the end. For the group 1, the corresponding scores were 31.4 ± 11.3 and 25.9 ± 13.7. The variations in the Mann-Whitney test were 0.734 at the initial moment and 0.208 at the final moment. The variation in the comparison of the initial moment with the final moment was 0.005 providing statistical significance. For the HAM-D, the mean score went up 4 points in group 2, contrary to a 5.5 points decrease in group 1. CONCLUSION: Data analysis shows that this agent significantly improves depression, but the motor function improved only in the depressed patients. Because of the known anti-dopaminergic property of the 5-HT2c receptors, a possible approach for depression in PD could be the use of 5-HT2c antagonists, similarly to the use of atypical neuroleptics in case of psychotic symptoms.

scholarly journals Comparison of ICU Outcomes between Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Plasma Exchange in Treatment of Mechanically Ventilated Patients with GuillainBarré Syndrome in a Neuro-Intensive Care Unit in a Govt. Hospital of Bangladesh: A Observational Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Uzzwal Kumar Mallick ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Enayet Hussain ◽  
Mohammad Asaduzzaman ◽  
Md Sirajul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Icu Stay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: The management of Guillain-Barré Syndrome is very crucial for the outcome of the patient. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare efficacy of IvIg(Intravenous Immunoglobulin) versus PE(Plasmaexchange) in treatment of mechanically ventilation adults with GBS in neuro-intensive care unit of Bangladesh. Methodology: Thiswas a prospective, observationalcohort study, in a Neuro-ICU from 2017 to 2018. We included all patients with GBS who required mechanical ventilation (MV). We defined two groups: group 1 (group treated by IvIg: 0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days) and group 2 (group treated by PE: 5 PE during 10days, every alternate day). We collectedclinical and therapeutic aspects and outcome. Results: A total number of 49 patients (34 in group 1 and 15 in group 2) were enrolled. The mean age was 37.4±9.2 years, with a male predominance (65.3%). on electrophysiological findings, in 4(32.7%) patients had acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) in 26 (53.1%) patients and acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) was 3(6.1%)and NCS was not done in 4(8.2%) cases. The mean length of ICU stay was 20±19.10 days and 46.60±30.02 days in IVIG and PE group respectively. The ICU stay was significantly shorter (p = 0.001) in the IvIg group than PE group. Patients receiving IvIg were early weaned of MV (p = 0.002) compared to those receiving PE with a statistical significance. Also, duration of M/V (P=.002), Need of tracheostomy (p=.005) and over all surval rate (p=.007) was significantly in favoue of IvIg group than PE group. Out of 49 patients, total 3 patients were died and they all were AMAN variety. Conclusion: Our work reveals a meaningful difference for the MV duration, ICU stay, weaning and excellent recovery in IvIg group compared to PE group in terms of less complcations. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(2): 118-122

Efficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block After Post Caesarean Section Delivery

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6
Author(s):  
Grisuna Singh ◽  
Farhat Banu ◽  
Husneyera Haque
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Plane Block ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Plane ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Post operative pain following caesarean section delivery can negatively affect early wound healing, proper breast feeding to the new born baby and therefore impair mother to child bonding. Combination of non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) and opioids has most commonly been used in pain management. The combination of regional anesthetic techniques like Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block reduces pain and the dose of total analgesics consumed and therefore helps to prevent opioid related side effects. Objective: To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane block for management of postoperative pain in the first 24 hours after caesarean section. Methodology: It is a prospective randomized controlled single blinded study involving 60 patients of ASA II done in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital over a period of 2 months. They are divided into two groups of 30 patients each. Group 1 received 20 ml of 0.25% isobaric bupivacaine in the triangle of Petit bilaterally. Group 2 received IV analgesics (NSAIDS and Tramadol 50 mg with Phenargan 25 mg). VAS score was taken every 6 hourly for 24 hours post operatively. Results: The mean VAS score of the patients in group 2 at 0-6 hours, 6-12 hours, 12-18 hours and 18-24 hours was 6.73(SD±0.69), 6.63(SD±0.610), 6.40(SD±0.56) and 6.43(SD±0.57) respectively. The mean VAS score of the patients who received block is significantly less as compared to those who did not receive the block with a p value of <0.001. The mean time to first analgesic request in group 1 was 10.83(SD±2.95) and in group 2 was 4.87(SD±0.68) with a p value of <0.001. In group 1, 70% patients received single dose of analgesics, 23.3% received two doses and 6.7% received three doses of analgesics. In group 2 all the patients received four doses of analgesics. Conclusion: Transversus Abdominis Plane Block can be used as a part of multimodal analgesic therapy for the management of post operative pain after caesarean section as it is technically less demanding, safe and economical. It reduces the side effects related with opioid analgesics and encourage early mobility, wound healing and proper mother to child bonding.

scholarly journals Structural Alterations of the Choroid Evaluated by Enhanced-Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özkan KOCAMIŞ ◽  
Emine Temel ◽  
Lokman HIZMALI ◽  
Nazife AŞIKGARİP ◽  
Kemal ÖRNEK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Depth Imaging ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: To assess alterations of choroid by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: Thirty-two patients with COVID-19 infection (group 1) and 34 healthy subjects (group 2) were included in this study. The choroidal thickness was measured at three points: Subfoveal, 1500 mm nasal from the fovea, and 1500 mm temporal from the fovea. Total choroidal area, luminal area, stromal area and choroidal vascular index (CVI) was measured by Image-J.Results: In group 1, subfoveal, nasal, and temporal choroid thicknesses were thinner compared to group 2. However, there was no statistical significance (p=0.534, p=0.437, and p=0.077, respectively). The mean total choroidal area, the mean stromal area, the mean luminal area, and the mean CVI were significantly decreased in group 1 (p<0.001, p=0.001, p=0.001, and p=0.003; respectively).Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that there may be choroidal vascular and stromal depletion in these patients.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Blended Learning Versus Traditional Learning in Cephalometrics for Undergraduates

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Aniruddh V. Yashwant ◽  
Balamani Arayambath ◽  
Vikneshan Murugaboopathy ◽  
Pradeep Babu Kommi ◽  
Karthikshree V. Prashad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Feedback Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of blended learning versus traditional learning in a cephalometric learning module for undergraduates. Materials and methods: This study was designed as a pre- and posttest trial. 150 undergraduates were randomly allocated to two groups: group 1 for traditional learning, and group 2, for blended learning. Pretest and posttest scores of both groups of 25 MCQs on cephalometrics were obtained. Feedback was obtained from the participants in this study and analyzed. Results: In group 1, the mean pretest and posttest scores were 13.87 and 16.10, respectively. In group 2, the mean value for the pretest and posttest scores were 14.01 and 22.18, respectively. The mean improvement in knowledge score was significantly higher in group 1 (2.233) compared to the mean score of group 2 (8.171). The level of statistical significance was P < .001. Feedback analysis showed the participants found the experience with Dolphin software better than traditional learning (Dolphin Cephalometric Imaging and Management software [version 11.8.24 Chatsworth,CA,USA]). For over 50% participants, their overall opinion on the cephalometric module was very good (score = 5). Conclusion: Blended learning increases the effectiveness of cephalometric learning by means of better student performance. Commercially available Cephalometric software can be used for e-learning instead of a specifically designed learning software.

scholarly journals Effect of Varying Duration of Ocular Compression on Raised Intraocular Pressure following Fractionated Peribulbar Anaesthesia for Cataract Surgery

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Jaichandran Venkatakrishnan ◽  
Lingam Vijaya ◽  
Ronnie J. George ◽  
Thennarasu Maruthamuthu
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Ocular Surgery ◽  
Peribulbar Anaesthesia ◽  
Peribulbar Block ◽  
Digital Compression ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: To evaluate the effect of fractionated peribulbar anaesthesia and varying digital ocular compression time on intraocular pressure.Methods: Forty non-glaucomatous patients aged 40 years and older planned for cataract surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups based on the duration for which the globe was compressed digitally following each injection. Patients with a history of glaucoma or those who had had previous ocular surgery were excluded. Group 1 underwent 1 minute of compression and group 2 underwent 2 minutes of compression. Local anaesthetic (2% lidocaine 5 mL, 0.5% bupivacaine 5 mL, and hyaluronidase 25 IU/mL) was injected into the inferotemporal and superomedial quadrants. Intraocular pressure was measured (3 readings with <5% SD) before peribulbar block, after inferotemporal injection, following digital compression, after superomedial injection, following digital compression again, and at 1-minute intervals without compression until the globe attained normotension.Results: The mean (SD) intraocular pressure in group 1 was significantly elevated compared with the baseline mean intraocular pressure of 19.21 mm Hg (SD, 2.82 mm Hg) throughout the procedure (p < 0.0001). In group 2, the mean intraocular pressure was not significantly elevated from the baseline mean intraocular pressure of 19.13 mm Hg (SD, 3.27 mm Hg) following compression after each injection.Conclusions: Intraocular pressure rises significantly following each 5 mL of local anaesthetic injected into the peribulbar space at both the inferotemporal and superomedial sites. Digital ocular compression given for 2 minutes after each injection makes the globe normotensive.

scholarly journals Analysis of etiological factors for emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Aneta Sima ◽  
Anita Arsovska ◽  
Slagjana Simeonova-Krstevska ◽  
Ana Daneva-Markova ◽  
Drage Dabeski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible reasons for the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause. Material and methods: A total of 71 patients with irregular bleeding were analyzed, at the age of 40-50 years, who should have undergone diagnostic curettage. Depending on the histopathological findings, we divided them into 2 groups: group 1-findings for endometrial hyperplasia, group 2 - atrophic or endometrium with deficient secretory changes. Body mass index (BMI) was determined (obesity defined with BMI >30 kg/m2); we measured blood pressure (cut-off value was 135/90 mmHg), waist circumference (cut-off value was 88 cm) as well as data of anamnesis (age, physical activity, type of diet, smoking cigarettes). All these data were analyzed as etiological factors in the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia.Results: The mean age of patients was 47 years, and the results obtained were very similar in both examined groups. BMI and waist circumference were increased, more than 60% of patients had hypertension, but not all had a statistical significance. Most of them were with completed secondary education, and city living statistically significantly increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia (p <0.05). As for the lifestyle (physical activity, caloric diet, smoking), the results have shown that a small number of patients are active, almost half of them consume caloric food and smoke, but without a statistical significance.Conclusion: Increased body weight and elevated blood pressure have a major impact on the onset and progression of pathological changes in the endometrium. As clinicians, we should always think of hyperplasia in obesity and patients with hypertension who are irregularly bleeding. At the same time, we should educate them to change the lifestyle in order to prevent gynecological and internistic morbidity.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF MUSIC THERAPY ON ANXIETY AND Β-ENDORPHIN LEVELS IN PRIMIGRAVIDA DURING THE THIRD STAGE OF PREGNANCY

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-742
Author(s):  
Surya Dayyana ◽  
Suryono Suryono ◽  
Melyana Nurul Widyawati ◽  
Syarief Thaufik Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of music therapy on anxiety levels and β-endorphin levels in primigravida during the third stage of pregnancy.Methods: This was a quasy experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design. The research was conducted in December 2016 - Januari 2017. There were 39 respondents selected using purposive sampling technique, which 13 assigned in the experiment group 1 (music therapy with a sound pressure of 40 dB), experiment group 2 (music therapy with a sound pressure of 62 dB) and control group (health counseling). Anxiety levels were measured using the HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale), and β-endorphin hormone levels were measured using ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method. Data analysis used paired t-test, One-Way Anova test with post-hoc bonferroni, and Kruskall Wallis test with post-hoc Mann Whitney.Results: Findings revealed that there was a decrease of the mean of anxiety levels in the experiment group 1 from 31.92 (pretest) to 24.69 (posttest), and the experiment group 2 from 34.54 (pretest) to 25 (posttest) with p-value <0.05; and there was an increase of the mean of β-Endorphin levels in the experiment group 1 from 53.63 (pretest) to 63.24 (posttest), and the experiment group 2 from 48.55 (pretest) to 64.9 (posttest) with p-value <0.05; however there was no effect of counseling in the control group on anxiety levels (p=0.413) and β-Endorphin levels (p= 0.394)Conclusion: Music therapy is effective in reducing anxiety levels and increasing β-endorphin levels. Thus, music therapy can be used as an alternative treatment for pregnant mothers at home who experienced anxiety. 

scholarly journals HEADPLAY Personal Cinema System Facilitates Intravenous Cannulation in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangeline Lim ◽  
Teddy Fabila ◽  
Thong Sze Ying ◽  
Josephine Tan
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
Conventional Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

HEADPLAY personal cinema system (PCS) is a portable visual headset/visor through which movie clips may be viewed. We studied the use of HEADPLAY PCS as a distraction tool in facilitating intravenous cannulation in children undergoing anaesthesia. 60 children were enrolled into the study and randomized into 2 groups. EMLA local anaesthetic cream was used to reduce the pain associated with intravenous cannulation. Children in group 1 wore the HEADPLAY visor whereas children in group 2 were subject to conventional distraction therapy. Children were asked to rate their anxiety, pain, and satisfaction scores after intravenous cannulation. Periprocedural anxiety was also determined using the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS). There were no statistically significant differences in terms of pain and anxiety scores between the 2 groups. Although the satisfaction score of the children in the HEADPLAY PCS group was marginally higher compared to the conventional group, this did not hit statistical significance. 86.6% of children in group 1 reported that they would want to use the visor again for their next intravenous cannulation. We conclude that HEADPLAY PCS is a distraction tool that is acceptable to most children and can contribute towards satisfaction of the intravenous cannulation process in children.

The influence of continuous local wound infusion on postoperative pain in patients undergoing transfemoral amputation

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Uhl ◽  
Thomas Betz ◽  
Andrea Rupp ◽  
Markus Steinbauer ◽  
Ingolf Töpel
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Phantom Pain ◽  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Postoperative Wound ◽  
Stump Pain ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract. Summary: Background: This pilot study was set up to examine the effects of a continuous postoperative wound infusion system with a local anaesthetic on perioperative pain and the consumption of analgesics. Patients and methods: We included 42 patients in this prospective observational pilot study. Patients were divided into two groups. One group was treated in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol and in addition to that received a continuous local wound infusion treatment (Group 1). Group 2 was treated with analgesics in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol, exclusively. Results: The study demonstrated a significantly reduced postoperative VAS score for stump pain in Group 1 for the first 5 days. Furthermore, the intake of opiates was significantly reduced in Group 1 (day 1, Group 1: 42.1 vs. Group 2: 73.5, p = 0.010; day 2, Group 1: 27.7 vs. Group 2: 52.5, p = 0.012; day 3, Group 1: 23.9 vs. Group 2: 53.5, p = 0.002; day 4, Group 1: 15.7 vs. Group 2: 48.3, p = 0.003; day 5, Group 1 13.3 vs. Group 2: 49.9, p = 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups, neither in phantom pain intensity at discharge nor postoperative complications and death. Conclusions: Continuous postoperative wound infusion with a local anaesthetic in combination with a standard pain management protocol can reduce both stump pain and opiate intake in patients who have undergone transfemoral amputation. Phantom pain was not significantly affected.

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