scholarly journals The use of an antagonist 5-HT2a/c for depression and motor function in Parkinson' disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (2b) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Luiz dos Santos Werneck ◽  
Ana Lucia Rosso ◽  
Maurice Borges Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Initial Moment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

OBJECTIVE: To test the ability of a 5HT2a/c (trazodone) antagonist, to improve depression and motor function in Parkinson' disease (PD). METHOD: Twenty PD patients with and without depression were randomly assigned to receive trazodone (group 1) or not (group 2). They were evaluated through UPDRS and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). RESULTS: For the UPDRS the mean score of group 2 was 33.1 ± 19.7 and 37.1 ± 18.0 at the end. For the group 1, the corresponding scores were 31.4 ± 11.3 and 25.9 ± 13.7. The variations in the Mann-Whitney test were 0.734 at the initial moment and 0.208 at the final moment. The variation in the comparison of the initial moment with the final moment was 0.005 providing statistical significance. For the HAM-D, the mean score went up 4 points in group 2, contrary to a 5.5 points decrease in group 1. CONCLUSION: Data analysis shows that this agent significantly improves depression, but the motor function improved only in the depressed patients. Because of the known anti-dopaminergic property of the 5-HT2c receptors, a possible approach for depression in PD could be the use of 5-HT2c antagonists, similarly to the use of atypical neuroleptics in case of psychotic symptoms.

scholarly journals Comparison of ICU Outcomes between Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Plasma Exchange in Treatment of Mechanically Ventilated Patients with GuillainBarré Syndrome in a Neuro-Intensive Care Unit in a Govt. Hospital of Bangladesh: A Observational Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Uzzwal Kumar Mallick ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Enayet Hussain ◽  
Mohammad Asaduzzaman ◽  
Md Sirajul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Icu Stay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: The management of Guillain-Barré Syndrome is very crucial for the outcome of the patient. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare efficacy of IvIg(Intravenous Immunoglobulin) versus PE(Plasmaexchange) in treatment of mechanically ventilation adults with GBS in neuro-intensive care unit of Bangladesh. Methodology: Thiswas a prospective, observationalcohort study, in a Neuro-ICU from 2017 to 2018. We included all patients with GBS who required mechanical ventilation (MV). We defined two groups: group 1 (group treated by IvIg: 0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days) and group 2 (group treated by PE: 5 PE during 10days, every alternate day). We collectedclinical and therapeutic aspects and outcome. Results: A total number of 49 patients (34 in group 1 and 15 in group 2) were enrolled. The mean age was 37.4±9.2 years, with a male predominance (65.3%). on electrophysiological findings, in 4(32.7%) patients had acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) in 26 (53.1%) patients and acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) was 3(6.1%)and NCS was not done in 4(8.2%) cases. The mean length of ICU stay was 20±19.10 days and 46.60±30.02 days in IVIG and PE group respectively. The ICU stay was significantly shorter (p = 0.001) in the IvIg group than PE group. Patients receiving IvIg were early weaned of MV (p = 0.002) compared to those receiving PE with a statistical significance. Also, duration of M/V (P=.002), Need of tracheostomy (p=.005) and over all surval rate (p=.007) was significantly in favoue of IvIg group than PE group. Out of 49 patients, total 3 patients were died and they all were AMAN variety. Conclusion: Our work reveals a meaningful difference for the MV duration, ICU stay, weaning and excellent recovery in IvIg group compared to PE group in terms of less complcations. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(2): 118-122

Is there a role for music in reducing anxiety in plastic surgery minor operations?

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Sadideen ◽  
A Parikh ◽  
T Dobbs ◽  
A Pay ◽  
PS Critchley
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Surgical Setting ◽  
Group 1

Introduction It is well documented that music plays a role in reducing anxiety levels. Its role in reducing intra-operative anxiety levels in surgical patients while awake is less well known. We report the effects of music on intra-operative patient anxiety in both the elective and trauma plastic surgical setting. Methods Two groups of patients undergoing local anaesthetic surgical procedures were identified: those where music was played in the operating theatre (Group 1) and those where it was not (Group 2). Ninety-six patients were included. Subjectively anxiety was evaluated by the patient with a visual analogue scale (VAS) and objectively by the respiratory rate (RR), both pre and post-operatively. The unpaired t-test was used to evaluate the statistical significance of differences between the groups. Results The mean pre-operative VAS score was similar in both groups (5.7 in Group 1 and 5.8 in Group 2). The mean preoperative RR was 15 breaths per minute in both groups. Post-operatively, the VAS score and RR were both lower in Group 1 (VAS: 3.5 vs 4.9; p<0.01 and RR: 11 vs 13 breaths per minute; p<0.05). Conclusions In the era of the patient centred approach to clinical care, it is crucial to minimise patient anxiety. Music appears to reduce intra-operative anxiety in awake patients in both the elective and trauma plastic surgical setting. Easy listening music and chart classics appear to be suitable genres according to patients. We believe there is a role for a large, multicentre, randomised control study to examine the benefits of music in all local anaesthetic procedures across different specialties.

A closer look at unilateral versus bilateral deep brain stimulation: results of the National Institutes of Health COMPARE cohort

2010 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 1224-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houtan A. Taba ◽  
Samuel S. Wu ◽  
Kelly D. Foote ◽  
Chris J. Hass ◽  
Hubert H. Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Motor Outcomes ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Deep Brain

Object In this paper, the authors' aim was to examine reasons underpinning decisions to undergo, or alternatively forgo, a second-sided deep brain stimulation (DBS) implantation in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). Methods Fifty-two patients with Parkinson disease (PD) were randomized to receive DBS to the subthalamic nucleus or globus pallidus internus (GPi) as part of the COMPARE trial. Forty-four patients had complete data sets. All patients were offered a choice at 6 months after unilateral implantation whether to receive a contralateral DBS implant. All patients had advanced PD. The mean patient age was 59.8 years (range 43–76 years), and the mean duration of disease was 12.2 years (range 5–21 years). The mean baseline Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)–III motor score was 42.7. The main outcome measures used in this study were the UPDRS-III Motor Scale and the UPDRS-IV Dyskinesia Scale. Results Twenty-one (48%) of the 44 patients in the cohort did not undergo bilateral implantation and have been successfully treated for an average of 3.5 years; of these, 14 (67%) had a GPi target. The most common reason for adding a second side was inadequacy to address motor symptoms. Patient satisfaction with motor outcomes after unilateral DBS implantation was the most common reason for not undergoing bilateral implantation. Those who chose a second DBS procedure had significantly higher baseline UPDRS-III motor and ipsilateral UPDRS-III scores, and a significantly lower asymmetrical index. The logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of proceeding to bilateral DBS was 5.2 times higher for STN than for GPi DBS. For every 1% increase in asymmetry, the odds of bilateral DBS decreased by 0.96. Conclusions Unilateral DBS is an effective treatment for a subset of patients with PD. Baseline asymmetry is an important factor in the effectiveness and decision-making process between unilateral and bilateral DBS. Patients with GPi DBS in this cohort were more likely to choose to remain with unilateral implantation.

scholarly journals Estimating Pulmonary Function, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), And Superoxide Dismutase-3 (EC-SOD3) Levels in Patients with Chronic Bronchial Asthma on Curcumin Adjuvant Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sura abbas Khdair ◽  
Manal khalid Abdulridha
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Super Oxide Dismutase ◽  
Function Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of curcumin supplement as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in patients with chronic bronchial asthma. Forty patients diagnosed with chronic bronchial asthma were enrolled in this study and allocated into group (1) patients   assigned to receive conventional therapy of asthma, and group (2) patient assigned to receive conventional therapy of asthma combined with 750 mg curcumin supplement twice daily for two months. Pulmonary function test, asthma control test, serum interleukin-6 and serum extracellular super oxide dismutase 3 were measured before and after two months in both study groups. After two months, the mean values of pulmonary function test (spirometry) and asthma control score showed significant increase compared to pre-treatment values in group 2 patients (P<0.01). Moreover, there was marked decrease in the level of interleukin-6 in group 2 patients after two months (p< 0.05) compared to the increased in group 1 patients. The mean level of super oxide dismutase 3 didn’t show any increase in both study groups after treatment. Curcumin supplement produced improvement in pulmonary function of patients with chronic bronchial asthma along with the reduction in inflammatory status. No change in endogenous oxidative status after curcumin supplementation.

scholarly journals Structural Alterations of the Choroid Evaluated by Enhanced-Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özkan KOCAMIŞ ◽  
Emine Temel ◽  
Lokman HIZMALI ◽  
Nazife AŞIKGARİP ◽  
Kemal ÖRNEK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Depth Imaging ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: To assess alterations of choroid by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: Thirty-two patients with COVID-19 infection (group 1) and 34 healthy subjects (group 2) were included in this study. The choroidal thickness was measured at three points: Subfoveal, 1500 mm nasal from the fovea, and 1500 mm temporal from the fovea. Total choroidal area, luminal area, stromal area and choroidal vascular index (CVI) was measured by Image-J.Results: In group 1, subfoveal, nasal, and temporal choroid thicknesses were thinner compared to group 2. However, there was no statistical significance (p=0.534, p=0.437, and p=0.077, respectively). The mean total choroidal area, the mean stromal area, the mean luminal area, and the mean CVI were significantly decreased in group 1 (p<0.001, p=0.001, p=0.001, and p=0.003; respectively).Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that there may be choroidal vascular and stromal depletion in these patients.

scholarly journals Objectifying Acupuncture Effects by Lung Function and Numeric Rating Scale in Patients Undergoing Heart Surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maimer ◽  
Andrew Remppis ◽  
Falk-Udo Sack ◽  
Stefanie Ringes-Lichtenberg ◽  
Tobias Greten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Lung Function Test ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Rationale. Poststernotomy pain and impaired breathing are common clinical problems in early postoperative care following heart surgery. Insufficiently treated pain increases the risk of pulmonary complications. High-dose opioids are used for pain management, but they may cause side effects such as respiratory depression.Study Design. We performed a prospective, randomized, controlled, observer-blinded, three-armed clinical trial with 100 patients. Group 1 (n=33) and Group 2 (n=34) received one 20 min session of standardized acupuncture treatment with two different sets of acupoints. Group 3 (n=33) served as standard analgesia control without additional intervention. Results. Primary endpoint analysis revealed a statistically significant analgesic effect for both acupuncture treatments. Group 1 showed a mean percentile pain reduction (PPR) of 18% (SD 19,P<0.001). Group 2 yielded a mean PPR of 71% (SD 13,P<0.001). In Group 1, acupuncture resulted in a mean forced vital capacity (FVC) increase of 30 cm3(SD 73) without statistical significance (P=0.303). In Group 2, posttreatment FVC showed a significant increase of 306 cm3(SD 215,P<0.001).Conclusion. Acupuncture revealed specific analgesic effects after sternotomy. Objective measurement of poststernotomy pain via lung function test was possible.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Blended Learning Versus Traditional Learning in Cephalometrics for Undergraduates

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Aniruddh V. Yashwant ◽  
Balamani Arayambath ◽  
Vikneshan Murugaboopathy ◽  
Pradeep Babu Kommi ◽  
Karthikshree V. Prashad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Feedback Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of blended learning versus traditional learning in a cephalometric learning module for undergraduates. Materials and methods: This study was designed as a pre- and posttest trial. 150 undergraduates were randomly allocated to two groups: group 1 for traditional learning, and group 2, for blended learning. Pretest and posttest scores of both groups of 25 MCQs on cephalometrics were obtained. Feedback was obtained from the participants in this study and analyzed. Results: In group 1, the mean pretest and posttest scores were 13.87 and 16.10, respectively. In group 2, the mean value for the pretest and posttest scores were 14.01 and 22.18, respectively. The mean improvement in knowledge score was significantly higher in group 1 (2.233) compared to the mean score of group 2 (8.171). The level of statistical significance was P < .001. Feedback analysis showed the participants found the experience with Dolphin software better than traditional learning (Dolphin Cephalometric Imaging and Management software [version 11.8.24 Chatsworth,CA,USA]). For over 50% participants, their overall opinion on the cephalometric module was very good (score = 5). Conclusion: Blended learning increases the effectiveness of cephalometric learning by means of better student performance. Commercially available Cephalometric software can be used for e-learning instead of a specifically designed learning software.

Radiotherapy and CCNU in the treatment of high-grade supratentorial astrocytomas

1976 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce Weir ◽  
Pierre Band ◽  
Raul Urtasun ◽  
Gilles Blain ◽  
Don McLean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Grade Iii ◽  
Group 1

✓ Forty-one consecutive patients with supratentorial primary brain tumors (38 Grade III and IV astrocytomas, one giant-cell astrocytoma, and two cases with insufficient tissue for diagnosis) were randomly allocated within 2 weeks of surgery to one of three therapeutic groups. Group 1 (15 patients) received radiation therapy totaling 4000 to 4500 rads in 4 to 5 weeks. Group 2 (13 patients) received 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) 130 mg/sq m orally every 6 weeks. Group 3 (13 patients) received radiation therapy plus CCNU as for Groups 1 and 2. When the disease progressed, patients in Groups 1 and 2 were crossed over to receive CCNU and irradiation respectively. The median survival time in these groups was 188, 259, and 252 days, and the mean survival 263, 262, and 329 days. The median time from diagnosis to crossover (Groups 1 and 2) or to progression (Group 3) was 163, 99, and 220 days, and the mean time was 172, 108, and 231 days. There was no statistically significant difference between the means or medians in any of these situations.

scholarly journals The efficacy of time-based short-course acyclovir therapy in treatment of post-herpetic pain

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Rasi ◽  
Ashkan Heshmatzade Behzadi ◽  
Mehrshad Rabet ◽  
Jaleh Hassanloo ◽  
Yasamin Honarbakhsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Response ◽  
Post Herpetic Neuralgia ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Acute Herpes Zoster ◽  
Short Course ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Acyclovir Therapy ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Various treatments have been used to manage post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). Safe and effective therapies to prevent PHN are needed. Methodology: A clinical trial involving 152 patients diagnosed with acute herpes Zoster (HZ) was conducted to determine whether short-course acyclovir therapy (800 mg five times a day for four days) can alleviate HZ-associated pain and prevent post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN).  The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 had a rash with a duration of less than 72 hours and Group 2 had a rash with a duration of more than 72 hours. To assess PHN, the patients categorized and assessed the severity of their symptoms using a four-point verbal rating scale (VRS). Results: By the fourth week, 134 out of 152 patients (88.2%) had complete pain response (CPR). Of these, 68 patients (89.5%) were from Group 1 and 66 from Group 2 (86.8%). After four weeks, the mean VRS scores had changed significantly in both groups compared to the scores at the beginning of study (p = 0.001), but there was no difference between the two groups (0.88 ± 0.66 Vs. 0.94 ± 0.72; p = 0.66) After three months no differences were observed in the treatment results between the two groups (0.51 ± 0.13 Vs.0.54 ± 0.19; p = 0.77). Conclusion: Short-course acyclovir therapy is an effective treatment for zoster and its efficacy in patients with a rash duration of more than 72 hours is similar to that in patients with rash duration of less than 72 hours.

scholarly journals Analysis of etiological factors for emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Aneta Sima ◽  
Anita Arsovska ◽  
Slagjana Simeonova-Krstevska ◽  
Ana Daneva-Markova ◽  
Drage Dabeski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible reasons for the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause. Material and methods: A total of 71 patients with irregular bleeding were analyzed, at the age of 40-50 years, who should have undergone diagnostic curettage. Depending on the histopathological findings, we divided them into 2 groups: group 1-findings for endometrial hyperplasia, group 2 - atrophic or endometrium with deficient secretory changes. Body mass index (BMI) was determined (obesity defined with BMI >30 kg/m2); we measured blood pressure (cut-off value was 135/90 mmHg), waist circumference (cut-off value was 88 cm) as well as data of anamnesis (age, physical activity, type of diet, smoking cigarettes). All these data were analyzed as etiological factors in the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia.Results: The mean age of patients was 47 years, and the results obtained were very similar in both examined groups. BMI and waist circumference were increased, more than 60% of patients had hypertension, but not all had a statistical significance. Most of them were with completed secondary education, and city living statistically significantly increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia (p <0.05). As for the lifestyle (physical activity, caloric diet, smoking), the results have shown that a small number of patients are active, almost half of them consume caloric food and smoke, but without a statistical significance.Conclusion: Increased body weight and elevated blood pressure have a major impact on the onset and progression of pathological changes in the endometrium. As clinicians, we should always think of hyperplasia in obesity and patients with hypertension who are irregularly bleeding. At the same time, we should educate them to change the lifestyle in order to prevent gynecological and internistic morbidity.

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