scholarly journals The Impact of the European Working Time Regulations on Orthopaedic Trainee Operative Experience

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 156-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Wraighte ◽  
DP Forward ◽  
P Manning
Keyword(s):  
Medical Officer ◽  
Surgical Experience ◽  
Surgical Specialty ◽  
European Working ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Apprenticeship Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Orthopaedic Trainee

Trauma and orthopaedic surgery (T&O) has the largest number of trainees of any individual surgical specialty in the UK. It is a craft-based specialty, with 'hands-on' training, based on an apprenticeship model involving operative and procedural skills. In 1992 Kenneth Calman, then Chief Medical Officer, set up a working group to reform the specialist curriculum, placing more emphasis on structured teaching, supervised learning and surgical experience.

scholarly journals The Impact of the European Working Time Regulations and Modernising Medical Careers on Out-of-hours ENT Cover

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Smith ◽  
R Lakhani ◽  
N Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Working Time ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Surgical Specialty ◽  
Out Of Hours ◽  
Medical Careers ◽  
European Working ◽  
Out Of Hours Care ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The implementation of the European Working Time Regulations (EWTR), coupled with the ongoing impact of Modernising Medical Careers (MMC), has necessitated a significant redevelopment of out-of-hours cover for surgical specialties in the UK. A review of the literature related to the provision of out-of-hours ENT cover gives an insight into the impact of these changes on a comparatively small surgical specialty. A 2008 survey revealed that three-quarters of junior doctors providing ENT out-of-hours care were crosscovering specialties other than ENT – a figure up from just over half of junior doctors in 2005, prior to stricter EWTR rules. Of all 'first-on-call' doctors for ENT, only 19–32% have prior ENT experience. Consequently, ENT services are provided frequently by inexperienced, non-enT doctors covering multiple other specialties, often as part of a 'hospital-at-night' team.

scholarly journals Simulation in Neurosurgery: A Survey of Experiences and Perceptions in the UK

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 304-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
IC Coulter ◽  
PM Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Surgical Training ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Simulation Training ◽  
Surgical Skill ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Apprenticeship Model ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Working Hour

The traditional, time-intensive apprenticeship model of surgical skill acquisition has become impracticable in the current era of working hour restrictions that limit the total hours available for surgical training.1–3 Trainees feel 'hands on' operative exposure has been reduced, having an impact on training as well as patient safety.4 while working hour restrictions persist, simply increasing the length of surgical training will not adequately overcome reduced exposure to operative training. Improving quality and efficiency of training must therefore utilise learning outside the operating theatre; simulation training could form part of this.

Educating Students for E-Entrepreneurship in the UK, the USA and China

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Millman ◽  
Wang-Chan Wong ◽  
Zhengwei Li ◽  
Harry Matlay
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

A growing body of research evaluates various aspects of entrepreneurship education (such as curriculum, delivery and assessment) and links it to outcomes in terms of both the number and quality of entrepreneurs entering an economy. There is, however, a marked paucity of empirically rigorous research appraising the impact of entrepreneurship education on graduates' intentions and perceived ability to set up Internet-based e-enterprises that can operate across temporal and geographical boundaries. This paper provides a comparative overview of entrepreneurship education in the UK, the USA and China with a focus on IT and non-IT students' e-entrepreneurship intentions, perceptions and outcomes. The research on which the paper is based was carried out in two distinct phases: first, focus groups were used to design, pilot and develop a comprehensive research questionnaire for use in a wider, multi-country survey; second, questionnaires were then distributed to students in IT and non-IT related disciplines in the UK, the USA and China. The preliminary results show that most respondents were slow to conceptualize and contextualize e-entrepreneurship in the prevailing socio-economic and political conditions of their countries of origin. There were no significant differences between students of IT and non-IT disciplines in their perceptions of the viability and practicality of engaging in e-entrepreneurship. Generic support initiatives appear to neglect the vast portfolio of skills needs for graduates engaging in Internet trading. The authors recommend that entrepreneurship education providers should engage with emergent models of e-entrepreneurship and that policy makers should provide innovative initiatives to cater for the specific needs of e-entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals New versus old guidelines for sarcopenia classification: What is the impact on prevalence and health outcomes?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Petermann-Rocha ◽  
Minghao Chen ◽  
Stuart R Gray ◽  
Frederick K Ho ◽  
Jill P Pell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
European Working ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction recently, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) established a new operational definition and cut-off points for sarcopenia. The aim of this study was, therefore, to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associations with different health outcomes using the old (EWGSOP1) and new (EWGSOP2) definitions of sarcopenia in the UK Biobank cohort. Methods sarcopenia was defined as low grip strength plus low muscle mass. Using both EWGSOP cut-off points, we created specific sarcopenia variables. Prevalence of sarcopenia derived using both EWGSOP definitions was calculated and compared as well as prospective health outcomes including all-cause mortality as well as incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Results the prevalence of sarcopenia based on the EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 classifications were 8.14 and 0.36%, respectively. Sarcopenia defined by EWGSOP1 was associated with a higher risk of respiratory disease and COPD as well as mortality from all-cause, CVD and respiratory diseases. However, only respiratory incidence remained associated with sarcopenia when EWGSOP2 was used (HR: 1.32 [95% CI: 1.05–1.66]). Moreover, although individuals classified as sarcopenic using both classifications had the highest risk of all-cause mortality and respiratory disease, those with sarcopenia based on EWGSOP1 only experienced a more extensive range of poorer health outcomes. Conclusion in comparison with EWGSOP1, the new classification (EWGSOP2) produced a lower estimate of sarcopenia prevalence and fewer associations with adverse health outcomes. Although these associations were higher, many become non-significant.

scholarly journals P059 Wellbeing and shielding of patients with rheumatic disease on biologic therapy during the early COVID-19 pandemic: a single centre experience

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy M Carter ◽  
Hannah Irvine ◽  
Adnan D’Cunha Kamath ◽  
Ankita Sahni ◽  
Patrick Hanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Biologic Therapy ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
British Society ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background/Aims  Individuals on immunosuppressive therapies were among those identified by the UK Department of Health and Chief Medical Officer as clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19. Advice on shielding from infection was disseminated by NHS England, primary care and NHS hospital trusts to those identified at highest risk. The British Society for Rheumatology (BSR) developed further risk stratification guidance specifically focused on autoimmune rheumatic disease. As the UK entered a period of nationwide lockdown on 23rd March 2020, the clinically highly vulnerable group were asked to shield from infection by staying at home and avoiding any face-to-face contact for an initial period of 12 weeks. The implications of social isolation, disruption to planned medical care and economic consequences became increasingly recognised. This work aimed to understand the experience and wellbeing of this patient group during week 5 -6 of UK Lockdown, as a guide to how we might best adapt services and address the needs of this group. Methods  Short semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 141 patients during week five and six of UK lockdown, between 20th April and 1st May 2020. Participants were sampled systematically from the departmental biologic therapy database at Wexham Park Hospital, a general hospital providing services to a diverse population of approximately 450,000 people in Berkshire and South Buckinghamshire. Results  Telephone interview was conducted with 141 patients prescribed biologic therapy. Written advice on risk and shielding was received by over 90%. Sixty four percent of respondents were female with a median age of 56 years. Thirty-nine percent of those interviewed fell within highest BSR risk category for whom full shielding was highly recommended, yet at the time of interview 51.1% of respondents reported they had committed to full shielding. Four percent of respondents self-identified as key workers and had continued their usual commitments. Amongst those interviewed, 35% reported significant adverse impact on their emotional and mental wellbeing within the first six weeks of UK lockdown. Isolation, uncertainty, limited physical exercise and cancellations to planned appointments were common themes. Twenty-eight percent of respondents felt their disease control had significantly deteriorated during the ongoing pandemic. Due to prevailing anxiety about the impact of immunosuppression on COVID-19 risk, 5% of patients had adjusted their prescribed therapies without the direct supervision or clinical advice. Conclusion  This study gives initial insights into the behaviours and concerns of patients with autoimmune and inflammatory disease on biologic therapy during the first wave of COVID-19 in the UK. Wellbeing and disease management have considerably suffered for many individuals. Further understanding patient experience may help guide restructuring of rheumatology services in next phase of the UK pandemic. Disclosure  L.M. Carter: None. H. Irvine: None. A. D’Cunha Kamath: None. A. Sahni: None. P. Hanna: None. N. Rahimi: None. K. Bhamra: None.

Magnetic to the Core - Communicating paleomagnetism with hands-on activities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annique van der Boon ◽  
Greig Paterson ◽  
Janine Kavanagh ◽  
Andy Biggin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
General Public ◽  
Magnetic Polarity ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Family Science ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Hands On ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

<p>With geoscience student numbers dwindling, there is a strong need for Earth scientists to enthuse a new generation of prospective students. We created several hands-on activities to introduce members of the general public of all ages to the fundamentals of, and current research in paleomagnetism. We developed these activities at different outreach events in the UK, such as a family science fair (at the Ness Gardens) and a holiday workshop (at the Victoria Gallery & Museum). In the first week of July, 2019, we contributed to the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition, a science exhibition in London with almost 14,000 visitors of the general public, including many school groups. Visitors came from all educational backgrounds. We had a stand that consisted of 4 hands-on experiments, and an informative backdrop. The four activities allowed visitors to explore the range of tasks that a paleomagnetist does, from the collection and measurement of samples to understanding the behaviour of the Earth’s magnetic field. Visitors could measure real lavas from Iceland on a custom-built magnetometer that was designed specifically for outreach, and determine the magnetic polarity of the samples. We also created an information booklet with ’10 things you might not know about Earth’s magnetic field’, which is openly available under a CC-license. To measure the impact of our stand on visitors’ knowledge of paleomagnetism, we designed a quiz. Our results show that especially for school kids, our stand had a significant impact on their knowledge of the Earth’s magnetic field. In this contribution we share lessons learned through designing the ‘Magnetic to the Core’ stand, hands-on activities and evaluations.</p>

scholarly journals A review of the risk margin – Solvency II and beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Pelkiewicz ◽  
S. W. Ahmed ◽  
P. Fulcher ◽  
K. L. Johnson ◽  
S. M. Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Solvency Ii ◽  
Risk Margin ◽  
Life Insurers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract For life insurers in the United Kingdom (UK), the risk margin is one of the most controversial aspects of the Solvency II regime which came into force in 2016. The risk margin is the difference between the technical provisions and the best estimate liabilities. The technical provisions are intended to be market-consistent, and so are defined as the amount required to be paid to transfer the business to another undertaking. In practice, the technical provisions cannot be directly calculated, and so the risk margin must be determined using a proxy method; the method chosen for Solvency II is known as the cost-of-capital method. Following the implementation of Solvency II, the risk margin came under considerable criticism for being too large and too sensitive to interest rate movements. These criticisms are particularly valid for annuity business in the UK – such business is of great significance to the system for retirement provision. A further criticism is that mitigation of the impact of the risk margin has led to an increase in reinsurance of longevity risks, particularly to overseas reinsurers. This criticism has led to political interest, and the risk margin was a major element of the Treasury Committee inquiry into EU Insurance Regulation. The working party was set up in response to this criticism. Our brief is to consider both the overall purpose of the risk margin for life insurers and solutions to the current problems, having regard to the possibility of post-Brexit flexibility. We have concluded that a risk margin in some form is necessary, although its size depends on the level of security desired, and so is primarily a political question. We have reviewed possible alternatives to the current risk margin, both within the existing cost-of-capital methodology and considering a wide range of alternatives. We believe that requirements for the risk margin will depend on future circumstances, in particular relating to Brexit, and we have identified a number of possible changes to methodology which should be considered, depending on circumstances.

scholarly journals From Lab to Field: Extending the Architectural Design Studio to Integrate Emerging Technologies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corneel Cannaerts ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Architectural Education ◽  
Design Studio ◽  
Pedagogical Approach ◽  
Architectural Practice ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Architectural Design Studio ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

The architectural design studio, as a place for educating future practitioners, is faced with two necessary dissociations: the distance from practice and its futurity. While the responses in architectural education have been varied1, the question of how to integrate emerging technologies seems to further sharpen these dissociations. This paper discusses the MMlab and Fieldstation studio, two learning environments set up as extensions of the design studio aiming to question the impact of emerging technologies on architecture. These extensions are particular ways of responding to the dissociations between the design studio and practice and its futurity: through hands-on experimentation with emerging technologies and questioning their relevance for architectural practice and culture, and by exploring the impact of technologies on the environments in which we operate as architects, deliberately looking for places and sites where emerging technologies manifest themselves with a particular urgency. The argument builds on a number of design studios, workshops and elective courses, it discusses two case studies in detail and describes the shift from lab to field in terms of subject matter, spatial setting and pedagogical approach.

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