Preventing Sexual Violence against Older Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Hannah Bows
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Later Life ◽  
National Study ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Real ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Despite the vast amount of sexual violence research, there exists an important gap in knowledge around older victims and offenders. Internationally, the focus of academic research, policy and practice has been on young women who are consistently found to be most 'at risk' of experiencing sexual violence. Consequently, we know very little about the extent, nature and impacts of sexual violence for older adults. The 'real rape' stereotype of the young, white attractive woman who is raped by a young stranger, often at night in a public place, has contributed to the exclusion of older victims and the denial that sexual violence occurs across the life course. Furthermore, the majority of prevention initiatives and campaigns have often exacerbated and reinforced the 'real rape' stereotype. Drawing on the first national study to examine sexual violence against older people in the UK, this chapter presents the findings from qualitative interviews with practitioners working in sexual violence organisations (n=23), age-related organisations (n=4) and older survivors (n=3) to examine challenges and opportunities for preventing, and responding to, sexual violence in later life.

The ‘ideal’ rape victim and the elderly woman: a contradiction in terms?

2018 ◽  
pp. 229-242
Author(s):  
Hannah Bows
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Elderly Woman ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Older Age ◽  
National Study ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Extensive Body

There is now an extensive body of literature examining sexual violence against women and girls. However, there remains an important gap in relation to ‘older’ women, who have been almost entirely absent from research, policy and practice developments. Traditionally, older age has been reviewed as a protective factor for violent crime, including sexual violence, and both criminologists and feminists have largely neglected those aged over 60 in their scholarship. This chapter examines this absence and argues that ‘real rape’ myths and stereotypes have contributed to the invisibility of older victims. Findings from the first national study to examine sexual violence against people aged 60 and over are presented and discussed in light of the existing literature.

scholarly journals Configuring the Older Non-User: Between Research, Policy and Practice of Digital Exclusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Gallistl ◽  
Rebekka Rohner ◽  
Alexander Seifert ◽  
Anna Wanka
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Starting Point

Older adults face significant barriers when accessing the Internet. What can be done to address these barriers? This article analyses existing strategies to tackle the age-related digital divide on three different levels: research, policy and practice. It analyses (1) scientific conceptualisations that are used when studying Internet use and non-use in later life, (2) policies that address older adults’ Internet (non-)use in Austria and (3) characteristics of older Austrian non-users of the Internet based on the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE, wave 6). Analysis shows that Austrian policy tends to emphasise the individual responsibility to learn digital technologies, while placing a lower priority on structural issues, such as investments in infrastructure. However, SHARE data shows that only a small percentage of older non-users of the Internet is in fact reached with such interventions. Thus, this article suggests that policy needs to base its strategies on more refined understandings of Internet use and non-use in later life as well as a more nuanced image of the older non-user. A perspective of critical-cultural gerontology, as laid out in this article, highlights that technology adoption is a domestication process that takes place in the everyday lives of older adults, and it is these processes that interventions that tackle the age-related digital divide should take as a starting point.

scholarly journals Greentree White Paper: Sexual Violence, Genitoanal Injury, and HIV: Priorities for Research, Policy, and Practice

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1379-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer F. Klot ◽  
Judith D. Auerbach ◽  
Fulvia Veronese ◽  
Gina Brown ◽  
April Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Policy And Practice

scholarly journals THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: SOCIAL SCIENCES: GLOBAL SCHOLARSHIP CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S195-S196
Author(s):  
Deborah Carr
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Gerontological Research ◽  
Parallel Data ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Cross National

Abstract Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences aims to publish the highest quality social scientific research on aging and the life course in the U.S. and worldwide. The disciplinary scope is broad, encompassing scholarship from demography, economics, psychology, public health, and sociology. A key substantive focus is identifying the social, economic, and cultural contexts that shape aging experiences worldwide. In the coming decade, social gerontology research is poised to present many opportunities for cross-national and cross-cultural scholarship – driven in part by the proliferation of large parallel data sets from many nations in Europe, Latin America, and Asia. I will discuss the role that peer-reviewed cross-national scholarship can play in disseminating knowledge that informs gerontological research, policy, and practice internationally. I will also identify under-researched areas that will be of great interest to scholars in the coming decade, including LGBT older adults, aging in the Global South, reconfigured families, and centenarians.

scholarly journals Working out What Works: The Role of Tacit Knowledge Where Urban Greenspace Research, Policy and Practice Intersect

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Dobson ◽  
Nicola Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Urban Nature ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Urban Greenspace

Policymakers and practitioners working in urban greenspace management want to know what kind of interventions are effective in promoting mental wellbeing. In practice, however, they rely on multiple forms of knowledge, often in unwritten form. This paper considers how such knowledge is interpreted and used by a range of stakeholders to identify greenspace interventions to support residents’ health and wellbeing in one UK city. It examines the interface between academic research, policy and practice, drawing on the findings of a three-year study in Sheffield, UK. The Improving Wellbeing through the Urban Nature project investigated the links between ‘urban nature’ and mental health. One strand of the research sought to influence policy and practice, and this article presents findings and reflects on some of the processes of this exercise. It highlights the role of tacit knowledge in practice and its influence on practitioners’ choice of greenspace interventions and the challenges in drawing on such knowledge to influence policy. The findings affirm practice-based knowledge as socially situated, interpretively fashioned and politically weighted. This paper concludes by demonstrating the importance of considering the local context when devising policy prescriptions for greenspace provision and management.

Open-Source Software Issues

2011 ◽  
pp. 368-371
Author(s):  
Sofiane Sahraoui
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Hard Time ◽  
Competitive Game ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Research Track ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Definition Of

Two major research publications have recently dedicated special issues to the emerging field of OSS (Research policy, 2003; Management Science, 2006). Likewise, major information systems conferences are starting to list OSS as a research track (IRMA2004, Working IFIP 8.6) translating the heightened importance of this phenomenon in the business world. Undoubtedly, OSS has been admitted as a legitimate field of study in the realm of business academics, but OSS research remains largely trailing the gigantic developments in the open-source industry. For instance, there are recurrent speculations in specialized IT magazines that Microsoft will go down the drain with the OSS phenomenon (Fontana, 2003); Oracle will have a hard time maintaining its supremacy in the database market (Bank, 2003); and Apple might come out the big winner by latching on to OSS (Brockmeire, 2003). However, there is hardly any solid piece of academic research to forecast the outlook of the IT industry in light of the surging OSS phenomenon. Existing research, including the two special issues mentioned above, is focusing on validating models of innovation in a virtual environment (Franke, 2003; Von Krogh, Spaeth, & Lakhani, 2003; Hippel, 2001); tracking project management dynamics in OSS development (Hertel, Neidner, & Herrmann, 2003; O’Mahony, 2003); examining the intellectual property, ethical and legal implications of OSS (Evers, 2000; Faldetta, 2002); or reworking the economics underlying software development in the case of OSS (Zeitlyn, 2003). Much less has been done in critical areas pertaining to the new competitive game introduced by OSS; the sustainability of the OSS business model or models; the strategies for OSS licensing; the economic and business viability of OSS in light of potential challenges and opportunities; and the nascent national and government IT strategies centered on OSS; plus a variety of other issues that are beyond the scope of this short article. This article seeks to clarify the critical factors that will increasingly determine the success of OSS in becoming a mainstream choice for software procurement processes. Along with a definition of each of these factors, potential research avenues are indicated. However, these factors are not meant to be exhaustive in any fashion.

scholarly journals Ten myths around open scholarly publishing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P Tennant ◽  
Harry Crane ◽  
Tom Crick ◽  
Jacinto Davila ◽  
Asura Enkhbayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Policy ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Global Databases ◽  
Evidence Framework ◽  
Rational Debate ◽  
Evolving System

The changing world of scholarly communication and the emergence of ‘Open Science’ or ‘Open Research’ has brought to light a number of controversial and hotly-debated topics. Yet, evidence-based rational debate is regularly drowned out by misinformed or exaggerated rhetoric, which does not benefit the evolving system of scholarly communication. The aim of this article is to provide a baseline evidence framework for ten of the most contested topics, in order to help frame and move forward discussions, practices and policies. We address preprints and scooping, the practice of copyright transfer, the function of peer review, and the legitimacy of ‘global’ databases. The presented facts and data will be a powerful tool against misinformation across wider academic research, policy and practice, and may be used to inform changes within the rapidly evolving scholarly publishing system.

scholarly journals Why Do People Divorce Late in Life? Swedish Gray Divorce Narratives

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 394-395
Author(s):  
Peter Öberg ◽  
Torbjorn Bildtgard
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Western World ◽  
Third Age ◽  
The Third ◽  
Life Phase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Divorce rates for people 60+ has increased in many parts of the Western world in what has been described as a “grey divorce revolution”. In Sweden these divorce rates have more than doubled since the millennium. But why do people choose to divorce late in life and what is the impact of life phase typical transitions? Qualitative interviews with 37 Swedish men and women (aged 62-81) divorced after the age of 60 were collected, covering themes regarding the divorce process: motives for and experiences of divorce, and life as grey divorcee. The results by thematic analysis show that motives for divorcing earlier in the life-course, such as abuse, unfaithfulness and addiction are prevalent also among older people. However, they tend to be framed differently in later life and be integrated into divorce narratives informed by age. We identified four life phase typical narratives for divorce: 1) Lack of a common project for the third age. 2) Partners personality change due to age related disease. 3) Increased freedom after empty-nest allowing emancipation from a dominant partner. 4) A final romantic adventure as a form of rejuvenation. All these life-phase typical narratives are related to the third age as a time of self-fulfillment, where the partner can either be part of or an obstacle to that project. The results will be used to discuss current older cohorts’ views of family norms and later life from the perspective that current older cohorts participated in the divorce revolution in the 1970s as young adults.

scholarly journals Ten myths around open scholarly publishing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P Tennant ◽  
Harry Crane ◽  
Tom Crick ◽  
Jacinto Davila ◽  
Asura Enkhbayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Policy ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Global Databases ◽  
Evidence Framework ◽  
Rational Debate ◽  
Evolving System

The changing world of scholarly communication and the emergence of ‘Open Science’ or ‘Open Research’ has brought to light a number of controversial and hotly-debated topics. Yet, evidence-based rational debate is regularly drowned out by misinformed or exaggerated rhetoric, which does not benefit the evolving system of scholarly communication. The aim of this article is to provide a baseline evidence framework for ten of the most contested topics, in order to help frame and move forward discussions, practices and policies. We address preprints and scooping, the practice of copyright transfer, the function of peer review, and the legitimacy of ‘global’ databases. The presented facts and data will be a powerful tool against misinformation across wider academic research, policy and practice, and may be used to inform changes within the rapidly evolving scholarly publishing system.

scholarly journals Age Differences and Longitudinal Change in Exposure to Daily Stressors: Three Waves of Diary Data Across 20 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 215-215
Author(s):  
Eric Cerino ◽  
Jonathan Rush ◽  
Robert Stawski
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
National Study ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Exposure to daily stress is an important risk factor for healthy aging. We examined cross-sectional age-related differences and longitudinal aging-related change in stressor exposure across three waves of the National Study of Daily Experiences (N=2,914, M=51.53 years, SD=13.55, 56.35% Female) spanning 20 years. Exposure to six types of stressors (arguments, avoided arguments, work overloads, home overloads, network stressors, other) were obtained from telephone interviews over 8 consecutive days in waves conducted in ~1996, ~2008, and ~2017. Longitudinal analyses revealed declines in stressor exposure across 20 years (p<.01), driven by declines in arguments, work overloads, and network stressors specifically. Cross-sectional analyses indicated that older individuals reported stressors less frequently (p<.01), driven by decreases in arguments, avoided arguments, work overloads, and home overloads specifically. Rates of longitudinal decline did not depend on age at baseline. Results suggest that aging-related changes and baseline age differences inform daily stress trajectories in mid- and later-life.

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