Taking Co-constitution Seriously: Explaining an Ambiguous US Approach to Latin America

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-170
Author(s):  
Justin O. Delacour
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
The Core ◽  
Western Power ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
The One ◽  
Practical Implications

The external behaviors of the preeminent Western power are much more ambiguous than mainstream IR theories predict because none of the mainstream camps have an accurate conception of the relations between Western states and their cultures. On the one hand, neorealists fail to explain how the culture of a Western power will tend to discourage the state from behaving in ways that are openly dissonant with the core symbols of its professed liberalism. On the other hand, it is fairly commonplace for Western media to facilitate their states’ casual deviations from a liberal foreign policy course by obfuscating the existence of such deviations. To solve the puzzle of a Western power’s ambiguous foreign policies, we must explore the practical implications of co-constitution, according to which state interests and cultural identities mutually shape each other and can never be fully autonomous from each other. This study conducts such an exploration in the context of U.S. policy to Latin America, particularly around the failed coup in Venezuela in 2002.

The Relevance of Latin America to the Foreign Policy of Commonwealth Caribbean States

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Preiswerk
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The One

For the leaders and people of every new state of Asia, Africa and the Caribbean, independence has brought about a dramatic awakening with respect to the conceptualization of their position in world affairs. The loosening of ties with the metropolis, which had been the primary aim of the struggle for independence, suddenly appears in a double perspective. On the one hand, it contains the threat of distintegration of the established social and economic order and, on the other hand, it opens prospects for new bonds and opportunities. After decades or centuries of predominantly bilateral relationships between colony and metropolis, historical links are confronted with the pressures resulting from geographic proximity .The diversification of foreign contacts is a phenomenon of the very recent past. The leaders and inhabitants of Ghana and the Ivory Coast, Nigeria and Niger, Trinidad and Venezuela, or Guyana and Brazil are only now realizing the full impact of their relationship as neighbours.

scholarly journals The Shared Dream of the Americas: An Introduction to Americanity

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1,2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Guyot
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Shed Light

While the cultural identities of Latin America, Québec and the Antilles have long been forged around a single reference, namely to their European past, they currently show signs of rupture and heterogeneity. Thinkers from Québec (Sherry Simon, Pierre Nepveu, Gérard Bouchard), the Antilles (Glissant, Chamoiseau, Confiant) and Brazil (Bernd) have been revisiting the concepts of origin and space from a completely different perspective. No longer would Europe be the anchor of their totalitarian-shaped cultural identity; the roots and origins of this identity construction would have to be found elsewhere, in a new environment perhaps, embracing the modernity and diversity that are celebrated in the concepts of hybridity, transculturalism, creolization, which all slowly lead to a mythical crossroads: America.However, the establishment of a symbolic relation with the American territory remains somewhat problematic as the concept of Americanity relies on diverse discourses which can be contradictory at times. In this essay, I aim to shed light on the trendy concept that Americanity has become. On the one hand, I will point out the ambiguity that surrounds the concept, and on the other hand, I will briefly explain how the different perspectives in the reappropriation of the American space could lead to the establishment of America as a shared elsewhere.

scholarly journals Dwa oblicza stanu wyjątkowego w filozofii Giorgia Agambena

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2(59)) ◽  
pp. 233-253
Author(s):  
Piotr Sawczyński
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Of Exception ◽  
Sovereign Power ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Legal Violence ◽  
The Core ◽  
The One

Two Faces of the State of Exception in Giorgio Agamben’s Political Philosophy The aim of the article is to analyze Giorgio Agamben’s theory of the state of exception. His controversial argument is that contemporary law functions according to the logic of exception, which is its inner matrix. In Agamben’s view, the state of exception is highly ambivalent: on the one hand, it is responsible for turning law into the domain of sovereign power; on the other, it has a potential of deactivating legal violence and thinking of law beyond power relations. To explicate the dual nature of this political and legal phenomenon, I scrutinize the mechanism of inclusive exclusion, considered by Agamben as the core of the state of exception. I further critically examine Agamben’s theory against the background of the messianic turn in today’s humanities and hypothesize that he predominantly reads the state of exception as a messianic concept which promises structural transformation of law. To show what this transformation might look like, I refer to the tradition of Jewish messianism which is a primary source of inspiration for Agamben’s critical theory.

scholarly journals What is “Restrained” by the katechon? The Finitude of the State in Conservative and Socialist Thought

2021 ◽  
Vol V (2) ◽  
pp. 13-33
Author(s):  
Ilya Budraitskis
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
End Times ◽  
Marxist Concept ◽  
Imperial State

The concept of katechon (“that which withholds”), essential to both the theological tradition and modern political philosophy, originates in Second Thessalonians by Paul the Apostle. This withholding force which resists the coming of the end times has often been identified with the Roman Empire (and later with the Christian imperial state), the latter seen as a protected space that enabled the spread of the Good Tidings. This mission of containment, on the one hand, endowed the state with a sacred character, but on the other, it marked the state's finitude and imperfection. By withholding time, the katechon does not remove but preserves contradictions and heterogeneity, accepting its incompleteness as the burden of its own mission. In its secularized form, the restraining state conceives of society as an antagonistic space of struggle and conflict, and the function of political power is linked to the establishment of a temporal equilibrium with historically contingent and relative forms. In conservative thought, the katechon state guards society from unifying equality and rationalization, and individuals from the illusion of perfection and moral harmony. The understanding of the state as a force that rises above the disparate elements of society and preserves it against its inherent chaos was also at the core of the Marxist concept of the state. This article, based on a wide range of authors (T. Hobbes, K. Marx, K. Schmitt, K. Leontiev, D. Agamben) will consider conservative and leftist interpretations of the state, which accept and develop the idea of katechon and its interpretations not directly connected with the concept of state power.

Party regulation in Latin America: A change of normative paradigms

2021 ◽  
pp. 135406882110504
Author(s):  
Gerardo Scherlis
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Academic Interest ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Theoretical Innovation ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time

In spite of the growing academic interest in party law in Latin America, we still lack a comprehensive account on how party regulatory frameworks evolved from the time of transitions to the present. This paper aims to fill this gap. In doing so, it makes a double contribution to the field of party regulation. On the one hand, it systematizes, for the first time, all the reforms adopted in Latin America over the last four decades. On the other hand, it introduces a theoretical innovation by using the concept of normative paradigms to analyze a process of legislative change. The main argument of this article is that a permissive paradigm was gradually but overwhelmingly replaced by a prescriptive approach, which conceives parties as semi-state institutions. This shift sheds light on the changing linkages between parties and the state in Latin America.

The Salvage of Ideas: Schumpeter and the Core Problems Still Confronting Economics

2003 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
P. Wynarczyk
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Core ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Two aspects of Schumpeter' legacy are analyzed in the article. On the one hand, he can be viewed as the custodian of the neoclassical harvest supplementing to its stock of inherited knowledge. On the other hand, the innovative character of his works is emphasized that allows to consider him a proponent of hetherodoxy. It is stressed that Schumpeter's revolutionary challenge can lead to radical changes in modern economics.

AFRICAN WOMEN AND FORBIDDEN GROUNDS: FEMALE SEXUALITY AND SELF-DETERMINATION IN AFRICAN LITERATURE

Imbizo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Oyeh O. Otu
Keyword(s):  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
African Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
African Women ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Sexual Repression

This article examines how female conditioning and sexual repression affect the woman’s sense of self, womanhood, identity and her place in society. It argues that the woman’s body is at the core of the many sites of gender struggles/ politics. Accordingly, the woman’s body must be decolonised for her to attain true emancipation. On the one hand, this study identifies the grave consequences of sexual repression, how it robs women of their freedom to choose whom to love or marry, the freedom to seek legal redress against sexual abuse and terror, and how it hinders their quest for self-determination. On the other hand, it underscores the need to give women sexual freedom that must be respected and enforced by law for the overall good of society.

Bastard Feudalism and the Framing of Thirteenth-Century England

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Coss
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Great Work ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

In the introduction to his great work of 2005, Framing the Early Middle Ages, Chris Wickham urged not only the necessity of carefully framing our studies at the outset but also the importance of closely defining the words and concepts that we employ, the avoidance ‘cultural sollipsism’ wherever possible and the need to pay particular attention to continuities and discontinuities. Chris has, of course, followed these precepts on a vast scale. My aim in this chapter is a modest one. I aim to review the framing of thirteenth-century England in terms of two only of Chris’s themes: the aristocracy and the state—and even then primarily in terms of the relationship between the two. By the thirteenth century I mean a long thirteenth century stretching from the period of the Angevin reforms of the later twelfth century on the one hand to the early to mid-fourteenth on the other; the reasons for taking this span will, I hope, become clearer during the course of the chapter, but few would doubt that it has a validity.

“Ambiguist” Statesmanship

Worldview ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Will Herberg
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Fixed Points ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Decision ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mixed Feelings ◽  
Rational Mind ◽  
The One

John Courtney Murray's writing cannot fail to be profound and instructive, and I have profited greatly from it in the course of the past decade. But I must confess that his article, "Morality and Foreign Policy" (Worldview, May), leaves me in a strange confusion of mixed feelings. On the one hand, I can sympathize with what I might call the historical intention of the natural law philosophy he espouses, which I take to be the effort to establish enduring structures of meaning and value to serve as fixed points of moral decision in the complexities of the actual situation. On the other hand, I am rather put off by the calm assurance he exhibits when he deals with these matters, as though everything were at bottom unequivocally rational and unequivocally accessible to the rational mind. And I am really distressed at what seems to 3ie to be his woefully inadequate appreciation of the position of the "ambiguists," among whom I cannot deny I count myself.

Interactional means of teaming up: enacting the features of contemporary working life in a theater performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riikka Nissi ◽  
Melisa Stevanovic
Keyword(s):  
Working Life ◽  
Social World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Workplace Organization ◽  
The One

Abstract The article examines how the aspects of the social world are enacted in a theater play. The data come from a videotaped performance of a professional theater, portraying a story about a workplace organization going through a personnel training program. The aim of the study is to show how the core theme of the play – the teaming up of the personnel – is constructed in the live performance through a range of interactional means. By focusing on four core episodes of the play, the study on the one hand points out to the multiple changes taking place both within and between the different episodes of the play. On the other hand, the episodes of collective action involving the semiotic resources of singing and dancing are shown to represent the ideals of teamwork in distinct ways. The study contributes to the understanding of socially and politically oriented theater as a distinct, pre-rehearsed social setting and the means and practices that it deploys when enacting the aspects of the contemporary societal issues.

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