Ethnic Minorities and the Challenge of Police Recruitment

2007 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Waters ◽  
Nick Hardy ◽  
Domonique Delgado ◽  
Simone Dahlmann
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Police Officer ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Recent Policy ◽  
Police Recruitment

This article considers some of the barriers to ethnic minority recruitment into the police, as well as those factors that would encourage interest in a police officer career. In addition to reviewing recent policy, the article incorporates results from research conducted on behalf of one UK police force. The research revealed a considerable degree of hostility towards the police among some ethnic minority respondents, many of whom would never consider pursuing a police officer career. The importance of securing a fully representative police service has been emphasised by Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary, and the Macpherson Inquiry (1999) added urgency to this aim. To encourage police recruitment, it is concluded that the quality of service to local ethnic minority communities is probably as important as any special police recruitment campaign.

Securitizing Xinjiang: Police Recruitment, Informal Policing and Ethnic Minority Co-optation

2019 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 324-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Zenz ◽  
James Leibold
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Maintenance Strategy ◽  
High Profile ◽  
The World ◽  
Party State ◽  
Official Police ◽  
Police Recruitment

AbstractFollowing a series of high-profile attacks in Beijing, Kunming and Urumqi by Uyghur militants, the Chinese party-state declared a “war on terror” in 2014. Since then, China's Xinjiang region has witnessed an unprecedented build-up of what we describe as a multi-tiered police force, turning it into one of the most heavily policed regions in the world. This article investigates the securitization of Xinjiang through an analysis of official police recruitment documents. Informal police jobs, which represent the backbone of recent recruitment drives, have historically carried inferior pay levels. Yet, advertised assistant police positions in Xinjiang now offer high salaries despite low educational requirements, thereby attracting lesser-educated applicants, many of whom are ethnic minorities. Besides co-opting Uyghurs into policing their own people, the resulting employment is in itself a significant stability maintenance strategy. While the known numbers of violent attacks have subsided, China's heavy-handed securitization approach risks alienating both minority and Han populations.

scholarly journals Closing the Gap in Hospice Utilization for the Minority Medicare Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 233372141985566 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Courtney Hughes ◽  
Erin Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Medicare Population ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Background: Medicare spends about 20% more on the last year of life for Black and Hispanic people than White people. With lower hospice utilization rates, racial/ethnic minorities receive fewer hospice-related benefits such as lesser symptoms, lower costs, and improved quality of life. For-profit hospices have higher dropout rates than nonprofit hospices, yet target racial/ethnic minority communities more through community outreach. This analysis examined the relationship between hospice utilization and for-profit hospice status and conducted an economic analysis of racial/ethnic minority utilization. Method: Cross-sectional analysis of 2014 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), U.S. Census, and Hospice Analytics data. Measures included Medicare racial/ethnic minority hospice utilization, for-profit hospice status, estimated cost savings, and several demographic and socioeconomic variables. Results: The prevalence of for-profit hospices was associated with significantly increased hospice utilization among racial/ethnic minorities. With savings of about $2,105 per Medicare hospice enrollee, closing the gap between the White and racial/ethnic minority populations would result in nearly $270 million in annual cost savings. Discussion: Significant disparities in hospice use related to hospice for-profit status exist among the racial/ethnic minority Medicare population. CMS and state policymakers should consider lower racial/ethnic minority hospice utilization and foster better community outreach at all hospices to decrease patient costs and improve quality of life.

Diversity in emergency management scholarship

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
DeeDee M. Bennett, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Women and racial/ethnic minorities have long been underrepresented in the field of emergency management. This is true for both practice and research. The lack of women and racial/ethnic minorities in the profession and their perceived absence in research or scholarly study may have impacts on the effectiveness of response and recovery efforts as well as the broader scientific knowledge within the field. Historically, women and racial/ethnic minority communities have disproportionately experienced negative impacts following disasters. Earlier related studies have pointed to the underrepresentation as a contributing factor in community vulnerability. The scarcity of women in practice and as students in this field has been particularly evident in the United States. Using data from a recent survey of emergency management programs nationwide, this article reviews the concerns in research with regards to women and ethnic minority communities during disasters, efforts to increase representation of these groups in the field, and discusses the implications for practice, policy, and future research. The findings show that women have a strong presence in emergency management programs nationwide, and while specific data on racial and ethnic minorities are lacking, the observed increases reported in this article encourages further study.

Minority Perceptions of Whites’ Motives for Responding Without Prejudice

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Major ◽  
Pamela J. Sawyer ◽  
Jonathan W. Kunstman
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Interracial Interactions ◽  
Internal Motivation ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Motivation Scale ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Whites’ nonprejudiced behavior toward racial/ethnic minorities can be attributionally ambiguous for perceivers, who may wonder whether the behavior was motivated by a genuine internal commitment to egalitarianism or was externally motivated by desires to avoid appearing prejudiced to others. This article reports the development of a scale that measures perceptions of Whites’ internal and external motives for avoiding prejudice (Perceived Internal Motivation Scale/Perceived External Motivation Scale [PIMS/PEMS]) and tests of its internal, test–retest, discriminant, convergent, and predictive validity among ethnic minority perceivers. Minorities perceived Whites as having internal and external motives for nonprejudiced behavior that were theoretically consistent with but distinct from established measures of minority-group members’ concerns in interracial interactions. Tests of the predictive validity of PIMS/PEMS showed that when a White evaluator praised the mediocre essay of a minority target, minorities who were high PEMS and low PIMS were most likely to regard the feedback as inauthentic and derogate the quality of the essay.

scholarly journals Minorities overlooked: Group-based power-sharing and the exclusion-amid-inclusion dilemma

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-107
Author(s):  
Andreas Juon
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethnic Inequality ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Different Types

Ethnic power-sharing has been accused of decreasing ethnic inequality in unequal ways: while benefitting larger ethnic minorities, it often tends to overlook the smallest groups. Paradoxically, ethnic micro-minorities may thus find themselves in even more marginalised positions in power-sharing regimes than under institutional settings lacking any mandated inclusion. This article tests for the existence of this exclusion-amid-inclusion dilemma using a new group-based dataset that distinguishes between different types of power-sharing. The findings indicate that this dilemma indeed exists for ethnically based, but not for more liberal types of power-sharing, which increase all minorities’ political status in an equal, albeit less strong, manner. The article concludes that adopting one form of power-sharing or the other means not only prioritising one form of equality over another, but also making a decision with severe political ramifications for the numerically most vulnerable ethnic minority communities.

Drawing on healthcare professionals’ ethnicity: lessons learned from a Danish community pharmacy intervention for ethnic minorities

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-243
Author(s):  
Anna Mygind ◽  
Lotte Stig Nørgaard ◽  
Janine M. Traulsen ◽  
Mira El-Souri ◽  
Maria Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Pharmacy Intervention ◽  
Organisational Support

Aims: To present and discuss implementation experiences regarding the involvement of community pharmacists with ethnic minority backgrounds in a medication review intervention for ethnic minority poly-pharmacy patients in Denmark. Methods: Data sources include 1) reflection notes from an introductory seminar with pharmacists and the cross-disciplinary research team and 2) five individual interviews and one focus group interview with pharmacists. Data were thematically coded and synthesised to identify underlying rationales and challenges encountered when involving professionals with ethnic minority backgrounds in interventions for ethnic minorities. Results: Informants perceived the need for interventions targeted at ethnic minority poly-pharmacy patients, and highlighted the potential of involving professionals with diverse ethnic backgrounds in such interventions. However, implementation created challenges, because the professional identity of the pharmacists reduced their options for serving as peers with the same ethnic background. Furthermore, issues related to organisational difficulties and overcoming language barriers in the intervention impacted on the potential of involving professionals with ethnic minority backgrounds. Conclusions: Involving healthcare professionals with ethnic minority backgrounds in encounters with ethnic minorities holds potential for the adaptation of services to ethnically diverse populations, thus improving access to and quality of care. However, it is important to ensure sufficient personal and organisational support and to acknowledge the delicate balance between simultaneously serving as a peer and as a professional.

Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Dalam Pelaksanaan Tera Dan Tera Ulang Alat Ukur, Timbang, Takar Dan Perlengkapannya (UTTP) Pada Bidang Perdagangan Dinas Koperasi, Perindustrian Dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Pacitan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Susi Minarsih ◽  
Ary Sutrischastini
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Analysis Instrument ◽  
Service Execution ◽  
Traditional Market ◽  
Convenience Sampling

The aims of this study are to measure the level of service quality and how to improve the quality of service execution in re-measurement tera and tera of UTTP in Commerce On duty Co-Operation, Industrial and Commerce Of Sub-Province of Pacitan. This research’s object is traditional market of Minulyo Pacitan as mains market in Sub-Province of Pacitan with 100 perpetrator people of sample as user/owner of UTTP (ukur,timbang, takar, dan perlengkapannya) with method intake of sampel by Convenience Sampling. The technique of collecting data uses questionnaires and direct interview. This research use qualitative analysis instrument test of validity and reliability to know valid or not and reliabel or not about the questions of questionnaire. Then, this research was done with Servqual method as instrument to do measurement of service quality. The measurement of service quality in Servqual method pursuant to five service dimension that is tangibles, responsiveness, realibility, assurance, and empathy. This research will be measured of gap 5 that is difference among performance and its expectation. Ad for yielded gap from a enumeration of Servqual 5 gap, -146 progressively lower him mount the quality of given service activities. Therefore, its needs the existence of priority repair of service quality, in this case is service of remeasurement tera and tera of UTTP at biggest difference or gap that is at variable of Responsiveness ( Energy Listen carefully) and attribute that has smallest difference that is – 0.44 at dimension question of variable of Tangibles ( Evidence Physical). Keyword: Quality Of Service, Method of Service Quality.

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