scholarly journals Use of Alkaline Phosphatase Staining to Differentiate Canine Osteosarcoma from Other Vimentin-positive Tumors

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Barger ◽  
R. Graca ◽  
K. Bailey ◽  
J. Messick ◽  
L.-P. de Lorimier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Bone Neoplasms ◽  
Synovial Cell ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Staining ◽  
Primary Bone

Aspiration of lytic bone lesions is an excellent diagnostic test in the initial evaluation of primary bone neoplasia. However, cytologically, it can be difficult to differentiate osteosarcoma (OSA) from other bone neoplasms, including fibrosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, synovial cell sarcoma, and plasma cell myeloma. The purpose of this study is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining to differentiate OSA from other tumors that express vimentin by immunocytochemistry or immunohistochemistry. ALP is a hydrolytic enzyme present in multiple tissues including liver, kidney, intestine, placenta, and bone. Hypothetically, neoplasms actively producing bone should be specifically positive for ALP staining. Unstained, cytologic specimens were incubated for 8-10 minutes with nitroblue tetrazolium chloride/5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate toluidine salt-phosphatase substrate. A positive reaction stains the membrane of the cells gray to black. Samples were counterstained with a Romanowsky's stain to determine whether the sample was of representative cellularity. A total of 61 vimentin-positive neoplasms have been evaluated and confirmed histopathologically. Tumors that expressed vimentin and were positive for ALP included 33 OSAs, one multilobular tumor of bone, one amelanotic melanoma, and one chondrosarcoma. Tumors that expressed vimentin and were negative for ALP included chondrosarcomas (three of four), multiple fibrosarcomas, and multiple synovial cell sarcomas. The sensitivity is 100%, and the specificity is 89%. In conclusion, ALP appears to be a highly sensitive and fairly specific marker in the diagnosis of OSA.

CRYOSURGERY IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BONE TUMORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Aleksey Belyaev ◽  
Georgiy Prokhorov ◽  
Anna Arkhitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Primary Bone Tumors ◽  
Circulation Circuit ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Primary Bone

A review of the literature shows that surgical procedures will remain the standard treatment for primary bone tumors. Analysis of studies on the assessment of long-term results shows that additional double cryogenic treatment of the curettage cavity can improve the treatment outcomes of patients with giant cell tumors, dysplastic diseases and some forms of malignant lesions. The traditional execution of the procedure is associated with the open installation of liquid nitrogen in the bone cavity, which requires special skills in handling aggressive refrigerant from the staff and does not exclude complications. In case of multiple metastatic bone lesions, surgical treatment is not indicated. The recent emergence in clinical practice of new equipment with a closed liquid nitrogen circulation circuit inside cryoprobes resumes interest in cryoabla-tion of bone tumor lesions using modern minimally invasive puncture cryotechnology and expanding indications for its use in patients with severe comorbidities.

scholarly journals Belated Diagnosis of a Primary Bone Lymphoma of the Elbow: A Rare Case and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Michele Boffano ◽  
Nicola Ratto ◽  
Martina Rezzoagli ◽  
Andrea Conti ◽  
Pietro Pellegrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Primary Bone Lymphoma ◽  
Lytic Bone Lesions ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
Bone Lymphoma

Primary non-Hodgkin bone lymphoma (PBL) is a rare disease that accounts for <2% of all lymphomas in adults. PBL can be monostotic or polyostotic, mainly causing destructive and lytic bone lesions frequently located in the femur, humerus, and pelvis. PBL is rarely considered a differential diagnosis of the osteolytic tumor. In addition, PBL is not uncommonly diagnosed with delay because patients do not experience symptoms nor show objective abnormalities in the early stage of disease. Here, we reported a 60-year-old woman with a PBL of the elbow.

Biocompatibility of Calcium Phosphate Ceramics Synthesized from Eggshell

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Sik Oh ◽  
Yun Ho Na ◽  
S. W. Ji ◽  
S.W. Song ◽  
S.H. Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Staining

The aim of this paper was the HA and β-TCP powers were synthesized by a new wetchemical method using eggshell and phosphoric acid. The biocompatibility of synthesized natural HA, HA/β-TCP(50:50) and β-TCP derived from eggshell was compared with those of as commercial chemical powder with mesenchymal stem cells derived from human bone marrow. Development of crystalline phases of the mixtures was studied as functions of mixing ratio and temperature using X-ray diffractometer. The morphological characteristics of the calcined eggshell and synthesized powders were examined by scaning electron microscopy. The in-vitro cytotoxicity and cell attachment of sintered disks were examined using human bone marrowderived multipotent stem cells(hBMSCs). Cell response was characterized by MTT assay , Alkaline phosphatase stain and RT-PCR analysis. Pure HA was synthesized in the mixing ratio of 1:1.1 wt% at 900°C for 1h. the crystallization of HA was started at 800°C in the 1:1.1 mixing ratio, ant the HA phase was continued up to the high temperatures. In the ratio of 1:1.3 and 1:1.5 wt%, β-TCP was effectively synthesized at 900°C. In the 1:1.5 ratio, β-TCP phase was detected at 700°C, and complete crystallized β-TCP was observed above 900°C. At the higher temperature than 1000°C, the β-TCP was gradually decreased and α-TCP was observed. The HA and β-TCP disk does not exert cytotoxic effect on the hBMSCs undergoing osteoblastic differentiation. In addition, the hBMSCs are adhered on the surface of synthesized natural HA and β-TCP disk as successfully as on the culture plate or as commercial chemical HA and β-TCP disk. The hBMSCs adhered on either synthesized natural HA, β-TCP or as commercial chemical HA, β-TCP disk displays undistinguishable actin arrangement and cellular phenotypes, indicating that synthesized natural HA, β-TCP does not disrupt normal cellular responses. Analysis of differentiation of the hBMSCs cultured on culture plate, synthesized natural HA, β-TCP and as commercial chemichal HA, β-TCP disk shows that three matrices are able to support osteoblastic differentiation of the hBMSCs as accessed by alkaline phosphatase staining.

scholarly journals Bone Involvement in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Clinical Features and Outcome

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Gaudio ◽  
Pasquale Pedote ◽  
Artor Niccoli Asabella ◽  
Giuseppe Ingravallo ◽  
Paola Sindaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Bone Involvement ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
Time Of Presentation

Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is now a highly curable disease, with an improving 5-year survival rate that has now reached 86%. At the time of presentation, HL is usually almost entirely confined to the lymph nodes. We performed a retrospective single-institution study of 384 cases with a median follow-up of 44 months, with the aim of identifying clinical and radiological characteristics and outcomes of patients with bone HL; 32 patients (8%) had primary bone involvement, always with concurrent nodal disease. These included 22 men (69%) and 10 women (31%) with the median age as 41 years. Advanced stages and nodular sclerosis histology prevailed among the subgroup. Radiographic features of bone HL are not specific but indicate a destructive malignant process with osteosclerosis and/or osteolysis. With current chemotherapeutic regimens, the long-term prognosis of patients with osseous HL appears good. The presence of bone lesions in HL should not be interpreted as implying a worse prognosis than without bone involvement.

Classification of Primary Bone Lesions

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
Piero Picci ◽  
Marco Gambarotti ◽  
Alberto Righi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Primary Bone

Massive cerebral fat embolism from hip surgery: a histologic study with alkaline phosphatase staining and thick celloidin sections

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1793 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R Brown ◽  
Dixon M Moody ◽  
David A Stump ◽  
David M Colonna ◽  
Douglas J Kilgus
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Hip Surgery ◽  
Histologic Study ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Staining

scholarly journals Alkaline phosphatase (alp) levels in multiple myeloma and solid cancers with bone lesions: Is there any difference?

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 100338
Author(s):  
O. Annibali ◽  
M.T. Petrucci ◽  
D. Santini ◽  
V. Bongarzoni ◽  
M. Russano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Lesions

Impaired Osteogenic Differentiation Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Bone Marrow Of Patients With Low-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 1579-1579
Author(s):  
Chunkang Chang ◽  
Chengming Fei ◽  
Youshan Zhao ◽  
Juan Guo ◽  
Xiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Hematopoietic Microenvironment ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Staining ◽  
Osteogenic Induction

Abstract Background The pathogenesis of MDS has not been completely understood, and insufficiency of the hematopoietic microenvironment can be an important factor. MSCs and osteoblasts are key components of the hematopoietic microenvironment. Studying osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs quantitatively may help to understand the pathogenesis of MDS. Methods 38 patients with MDS and 15 normal donors were investigated in this study. Osteoblastic differentiation assays were performed in 16 MDS cases and 8 controls. The expression of osteogenic differentiation markers were measured by real-time PCR. Alkaline phosphatase staining was performed with Alkaline Phosphatase staining kit after 3,7,14 days of incubation. ALP activity was assessed at 3, 7, and 10 days after osteogenic differentiation. Mineralization analysis was performed at 7, 14 and 21 days of osteogenic induction. The areas of mineralization were measured by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. Results Both MDS-MSCs and normal cells displayed same fibroblast-like morphology and similar antigen expression. The expression level of RUNX2 was significantly decreased in MSCs from MDS, compaired with normal controls, especially in lower-risk MDS. After osteogenic induction, lower-risk MDS showed lower alkaline phosphatase activity, less intense alizarin red S staining, and lower gene expression of osteogenic differentiation markers, however, higher-risk MDS was normal. Conclusions We concluded that impaired osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was seen mainly in patients with lower-risk MDS. It may contribute to the ineffective hamatopoiesis of MDS. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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