scholarly journals Three-dimensional water scarcity assessment by considering water quantity, water quality, and environmental flow requirements: Review and prospect

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (36) ◽  
pp. 4251-4261
Author(s):  
Junguo Liu ◽  
Dandan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Environmental Flow ◽  
Water Quantity

Global water scarcity reduction requires water quality solutions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle T.H. van Vliet ◽  
Edward R. Jones ◽  
Martina Flörke ◽  
Wietse H.P. Franssen ◽  
Naota Hanasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
River Basins ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Treated Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Quality Issues ◽  
Global Water

<p>Water scarcity threatens people in various regions, and has predominantly been studied from a water quantity perspective. However<strong>, </strong>the provision of water for human uses and environmental health is dependent on both sufficient water availability but also appropriate water quality for the intended use.</p><p>Our study presents the first estimates of global water scarcity driven by both water quantity and water quality issues and including impacts of desalination and treated waste-water reuse. We have developed a new water scarcity framework combining model simulations of multiple global hydrological models and global surface water quality models (water temperature, salinity, organic pollution, nutrients) and spatially-explicit datasets of desalination and treated wastewater reuse capacities globally.</p><p>Our results show that 40% of the world’s population currently lives in regions with severe water scarcity, which is driven by a combination of water quantity and quality issues. Impacts of water quality are in particular high in river basins in eastern China. Here, excessive water withdrawals and polluted return flows degrade water quality, exacerbating water scarcity. Our results show that expanding desalination and treated wastewater reuse capacities can strongly reduce water scarcity in most river basins, although the side-effects (e.g. brine production, high energy demands and costs) must be considered. We conclude that effective water scarcity reduction requires that we expand our focus from conventional measures, which mainly focus on improving water supply for sectoral uses, to solutions that also promote water quality improvements.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p>

A Real-Time Mathematical Model for Three-Dimensional Tidal Flow and Water Quality

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Fantang ◽  
Xu Zhencheng ◽  
Chen Xiancheng
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Tidal Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Pearl River Estuary ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
The Pearl River

A real-time mathematical model for three-dimensional tidal flow and water quality is presented in this paper. A control-volume-based difference method and a “power interpolation distribution” advocated by Patankar (1984) have been employed, and a concept of “separating the top-layer water” has been developed to solve the movable boundary problem. The model is unconditionally stable and convergent. Practical application of the model is illustrated by an example for the Pearl River Estuary.

A square grid model for assessing the effect of alternative land uses on water quality

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Constable ◽  
Nicholas Kouwen ◽  
Shully I. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Square Grid ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Grid Technique ◽  
Artificial Ponds

A mathematical model has been developed which can aid in assessing the effect of the modification of land use patterns on the water quantity and water quality regime of a watershed. The basin under study is divided into a number of elements using a square grid technique. The hydrologic and water quality components are evaluated at each element in the basin at successive time intervals, and flows are routed through the elements by use of a streamflow network system. The model can be used to assist in evaluating the effects of alternative land use configurations in a watershed, such as urbanization, the removal or growth of forests, the construction of dams, etc., on water quantity and water quality. It can also be used in the preliminary design of an urbanized area to estimate the size of storm sewers, artificial ponds, etc.

scholarly journals A Three-Dimensional Coupled Hydrodynamic-Ecological Modeling to Assess the Planktonic Biomass in a Subalpine Lake

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12377
Author(s):  
Wen-Cheng Liu ◽  
Hong-Ming Liu ◽  
Rita Sau-Wai Yam
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Subalpine Lake ◽  
Depth Water ◽  
Temperature Water

In this study, a coupled three-dimensional hydrodynamic-ecological model was developed to comprehensively understand the interaction between the hydrodynamics and ecological status of a lake. The coupled model was utilized to explore the hydrodynamics, water quality, and ecological status in an ecologically rich subalpine lake (i.e., Tsuei-Feng Lake (TFL), located in north-central Taiwan). The measured data of water depth, water temperature, water quality, and planktonic biomass were gathered to validate the coupled model. The simulated results with a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality-ecological model reasonably reproduced the variations in observed water depth, water temperature, water quality, and phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass. Sensitivity analysis was implemented to determine the most influential parameter affecting the planktonic biomass. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that the predation rate on phytoplankton (PRP) significantly affects the phytoplankton biomass, while the basal metabolism rate of zooplankton (BMZ) importantly affects the zooplankton biomass. Furthermore, inflow discharge was the most important environmental factor dominating the phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass of TFL. This implies that the runoff in the catchment area caused by rainfall and the heavy rainfall induced by climate change may affect the planktonic biomass of the lake.

scholarly journals Using Video Messages to Promote Residential Adoption of Fertilizer Best Management Practices

EDIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda D. Ali ◽  
Laura A. Sanagorski Warner ◽  
Peyton Beattie ◽  
Alexa J. Lamm ◽  
Joy N. Rumble
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Extension Programs ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Homeowner Associations ◽  
Quality Water

Residents are inclined to over-irrigate and over-fertilize their lawns to uphold landscape appearances influenced by homeowner associations and neighborhood aesthetics (Nielson & Smith (2005). While these practices affect water quantity and quality, water quality is most impacted by fertilizer runoff (Nielson & Smith, 2005; Toor et al., 2017). Supporting water programs and engagement in fertilizer best management practices (BMPs) can have positive impacts on water quality. The Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) theory can be used to explain how a population accepts and adopts fertilizer best management practices (BMPs) over time (Rogers, 2003). Adoption can be understood through a population's perception of relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, observability, and trialability of fertilizer BMPs. The information presented here is an exploration of how extension can use video messages to influence residents' perception of these factors which influence adoption. The videos positively influence residents' perceptions of fertilizer BMPs, and recommendations are offered for applying this research to extension programs. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of Infiltration Rainwater Drainage (IRD) System with Fully 3-D Numerical Simulation Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9144
Author(s):  
Jungkyu Ahn ◽  
Seongil Yeom ◽  
Sungwon Park ◽  
Thi Hoang Thao Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Runoff Decrease ◽  
Peak Runoff

Water scarcity can mean scarcity in availability due to physical shortage, or scarcity in access due to the failure of institutions to ensure a continuously regular supply or due to a lack of adequate infrastructure. Water scarcity will be exacerbated as rapidly growing urban areas place heavy pressure on water resources. To solve these problems, various solutions have been applied, but a fundamental solution has not been applied. Recently, a researched and developed infiltration rainwater drainage (IRD) system is being applied with consideration of its applicability. In this study, features of surface runoff and infiltration according to various flow patterns were analyzed using a three-dimensional CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) model for calculating water flow in the IRD system. To estimate the optimal setup, a permeability test and scaled model simulation were performed. The runoff characteristics of the IRD system with respect to rainfall intensity and duration were analyzed with dimensionless variables. With the prototype model, the drainage characteristics of the IRD system were analyzed over time using the hydrological curves. From the simulated results, it was found that the IRD system analyzed in this study was appropriate in the field by comparative analysis with the existing system based on peak runoff, internal storage, and lag time. Therefore, by applying the IRD system in the future, it is expected that the IRD has benefits, such as delayed lag time, surface runoff decrease, and an attenuation of the peak runoff.

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