Infrared Spectroscopy of Aqueous Antibiotic Solutions

1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Wong ◽  
Alan J. Rein ◽  
Donald Wilks ◽  
Paul Wilks
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Lactam Carbonyl ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Internal Reflectance ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Infrared spectra of aqueous antibiotic solutions were obtained using a new Liquid Analyzer accessory in a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer. Based on a cylindrical internal reflectance element, the Liquid Analyzer accessory provides a sufficiently short (∼0.015 mm) effective pathlength for infrared spectroscopy of aqueous solutions from 3200 to 800 cm−1, Spectra of aqueous solutions of penicillin VK, sodium oxacillin and sodium methicillin are shown. By measuring the absorbante of the beta-lactam carbonyl band, FT-IR spectroscopy with the accessory exhibits analytical sensitivity to less than 0.1% concentration by weight of antibiotic both in aqueous solution and in an actual fermentation broth.

Absorbance Linearity and Repeatability in Cylindrical Internal Reflectance FT-IR Spectroscopy of Liquids

1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter M. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Performance Variability ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Internal Reflectance ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

This paper reports the results of a program aimed at eliminating the sources of performance variability and excessive nonlinearity that have limited the effectiveness of the cylindrical internal reflectance technique for use in quantitative FT-IR analysis. After discussing the various optical factors that can affect performance, it describes a new adjustment-free optical design which promises to eliminate those factors which lead to data unpredictability. Finally, it summarizes the results of a series of experiments carried out to test the effectiveness of the new design. These confirm the achievement of three significant improvements: an enhancement of band strengths by factors of typically 2.5 to 3, significantly improved absorbance linearity, and a high degree of data repeatability under varied experimental conditions.

scholarly journals Classification of Five Kinds of Moss Plants with the Use of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 271-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Hu ◽  
Wen-Ying Jin ◽  
Cun-Gui Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) with Horizontal Attenuated Total Reflectance (HATR) techniques is used to obtain the FT-IR spectra of five kinds of mosses, such asPtychomitrium dentatum(Mitt.) Jaeg.,Ptychomitrium polyphylloides(C. Muell.) Par.,Ptychomitrium sinense(Mitt.) Jaeg.,Macromitrium syntrichophyllumTher. Etp. Vard., andMacromitrium ferrieiCard. Sz Ther. Based on the comparison of the above mosses in the FT-IR spectra, the region ranging from 4000 to 650 cm−1was selected as the characteristic spectra for analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis are considered to identify the five moss species. Because they belong to the homogeneous plants, and have similar chemical components and close FT-IR spectroscopy, PCA and cluster analysis can only give a rough result of classification among the five moss species, Fourier self-deconvolution (FSD) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) methods are used to enhance the differences between them. We use these methods for further study. Results show that it is an excellent method to use FT-IR spectroscopy combined with FSD and DWT to classify the different species in the same family. FT-IR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics, such as FSD and DWT, can be used as an effective tool in systematic research of bryophytes.

scholarly journals Preparation, Characterization and Utilization of Amidoximated Poly(AN/MAA)-grafted Alhagi Residues for the Removal of Zn(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Khalil ◽  
H.H. Sokker ◽  
A. Al-Anwar ◽  
A. Abd El-Zaher ◽  
A. Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Monomer Composition ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Adsorption Temperature ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Radiation grafting by the mutual method of methacrylic acid/acrylonitrile (MAA/AN) onto Alhagi residues in the presence of dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent is discussed. The factors affecting the radiation graft copolymerization were investigated. These included radiation dose, co-monomer composition and concentration. The grafted samples were characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as by the estimation of their nitrogen and carboxyl group contents. The grafted samples were then amidoximated by treatment with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in an alkaline medium. Such amidoximated poly(MAA/AN)-grafted Alhagi residues were utilized for the removal of Zn(II) ions from aqueous solution by adsorption and the factors affecting such adsorption processes were studied. These factors were the pH of the adsorbate solution, the adsorbent dosage, the contact time and the adsorption temperature. The adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The Langmuir adsorption capacity (Qmax) of the amidoximated poly(MAA/AN)-grafted Alhagi residues towards Zn(II) ions was found to be 212.76 and 344.8 mg/g at 30 °C and 50 °C, respectively. Similarly, the Freundlich constants, KF and 1/n, at 30 °C were found to be 21.47 and 0.3489, respectively. The study showed that amidoximated poly(MAA/AN)-grafted Alhagi residues were effective in the adsorption of Zn(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The thermodynamics parameters of the adsorption process, viz. ΔH0, ΔG0 and ΔS0, were evaluated. The results showed that the adsorption of Zn(II) ions onto amidoximated poly(MAA/AN)-grafted Alhagi residues was endothermic and spontaneous. The adsorption data followed second-order kinetics.

scholarly journals Polymorphism of hydrogen-bonded star mesogens – a combinatorial DFT-D and FT-IR spectroscopy study

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 8444-8453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pfletscher ◽  
Janek Wysoglad ◽  
Jochen S. Gutmann ◽  
Michael Giese
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Quantum Chemistry ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

The structure of hydrogen-bonded star mesogens is investigated using modern quantum chemistry methods in combination with infrared spectroscopy.

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) in Archaeological Ceramic Analysis

2016 ◽  
pp. 508-530
Author(s):  
Shlomo Shoval
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Ceramic Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Ceramic ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

The chapter reviews the use of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) in study of ancient pottery and its applications to archaeology. FT-IR is a powerful technique for assessing the mineralogical composition of ancient ceramics and is, almost, non-destructive for the pottery. This method can be applied in analyses of the composition of the bulk ceramic as well as of particular pottery attributes, such as separated pastes, temper particles, binders, glazes, slips, paints, and pigments. FT-IR spectroscopy has the advantage of being able to detect both, the crystalline minerals as well as the pseudo-amorphous fired-clay in the ceramic fabric. The assessing of the mineralogical composition of the ceramics can be used in their classification, sourcing, and estimation of firing temperature. Applying spectral analysis by second-derivative and curve-fitting techniques is adding a quantitative dimension to the mineralogical analysis.

The formation of rhodochrosite–smithsonite (MnCO3–ZnCO3) solid-solutions at 5°C

1995 ◽  
Vol 59 (396) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Böttcher
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Solubility Product ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bicarbonate Solutions

AbstractMnxZn(1−x)CO3 solid-solutions were prepared at 5°C by precipitation from metal-bearing bicarbonate solutions. The solids were identified by X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Zn2+ ions substitute extensively for Mn2+ ions in the crystal lattice of anhydrous rhombohedral carbonates. Throughout the 24 h during which the experiments were conducted, the aqueous solutions remained undersaturated with respect to pure oxides, sulphates, hydroxides and hydroxysulphates. The solutions, however, were supersaturated with MnxZn(1−x)CO3 of any given composition. Besides the anhydrous rhombohedral carbonates, Zn4(OH)2(CO3)3·4H2O was precipitated from an aqueous solution with initially high Zn2+ concentration. The negative logarithm of the solubility product of Zn4(OH)2(CO3)3·4H2O was estimated theoretically to be 43.9 (25°C). Remaining saturation with respect to Zn4(OH)2(CO3)3·4H2O was calculated accordingly. The suggestion is made that hydrated zinc hydroxycarbonate is metastable under the experimental conditions used here, but that it should transform into anhydrous carbonates.

Highly Sensitive Biochemical Analysis Using Low-Temperature Infrared Spectroscopy Measurements

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 1682-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiko Fujii ◽  
Yuji Miyahara ◽  
Yoshio Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Infrared Absorption Bands

A sensitive infrared spectroscopic analysis of biochemical components in an aqueous solution is described. The infrared spectrum of an aqueous solution containing glucose, urea, and creatinine was measured at −4.7 °C by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) with an attenuated total reflection (ATR) crystal. The infrared absorption bands of these components increased by about 100 times at −4.7 °C as compared with those measured at 22 °C. This increase in the infrared absorption bands was found to occur because of segregation of the components toward the surface of the ATR crystal caused by solidification of the sample solution. The creatinine concentration in an aqueous solution, prepared in the physiological range of human blood, was also estimated at −4.7 and 22 °C by using the partial least-squares (PLS) method. The correlation coefficient between the predicted concentrations by PLS and the prepared concentrations was 0.95 at −4.7 °C, but was 0.07 at 22 °C. Thus, the precision of the determination of creatinine was remarkably improved by using the low-temperature measurement. Index Headings: Biochemical analysis; Low-temperature infrared spectroscopy; Solidification.

Quantitative Analysis of Kaolinite/Silica and Kaolinite/KBr Mixtures by Photoacoustic FT-IR Spectroscopy

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 871-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Saffa ◽  
K. H. Michaelian
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Thermal Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Length ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Photoacoustic FT-IR spectroscopy was used to quantify kaolinite in binary mixtures with KBr and silica, with the use of a linear relationship between the reciprocals of photoacoustic intensity and kaolinite concentration. The method is valid for both dilute and concentrated mixtures; an average error of 12% was obtained for kaolinite concentrations ranging from 15 to 80%. The technique thus compares favorably with more common approaches that require low analyte concentrations. It is concluded that quantitative photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy is feasible provided that the magnitude of the product of thermal diffusion length and absorption coefficient is taken into account.

scholarly journals Production of a bioflocculant by using activated sludge and its application in Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zibo Yan ◽  
Li Peng ◽  
Miao Deng ◽  
Jinhui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Protein Backbone ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractIn this study, the characteristics of a bioflocculant produced by using activated sludge as raw materials were investigated. The performance of this bioflocculant in the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution and the corresponding mechanisms were determined as well. After cultivating a bioflocculant-producing strain in an alkaline thermal pre-treatment sludge for 60 h, approximately 4.45 g of bioflocculant containing a protein backbone was harvested from 1 L of fermentation broth. This bioflocculant can remove 98.5% of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions under optimal conditions, which include a bioflocculant dosage of 6 mg/L and a CaCl2 concentration of 70 mg/L at a pH of 6.5.

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