scholarly journals Self-organization in brain tumors: How cell morphology and cell density influence glioma pattern formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e1007611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Jamous ◽  
Andrea Comba ◽  
Pedro R. Lowenstein ◽  
Sebastien Motsch
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Self Organization

Light-assisted self-organization and pattern formation in thin films of azobenzene-containing polyurea

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 107288
Author(s):  
Swathi Erekath ◽  
Sreeram K. Kalpathy
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Self Organization

scholarly journals Imaging Experimental Brain Tumors with 1-Aminocyclopentane Carboxylic Acid and Alpha-Aminoisobutyric Acid: Comparison to Fluorodeoxyglucose and Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid in Morphologically Defined Tumor Regions

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1239-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisao Uehara ◽  
Tadashi Miyagawa ◽  
Juri Tjuvajev ◽  
Revathi Joshi ◽  
Bradley Beattie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Vascular Permeability ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid ◽  
Experimental Brain Tumors ◽  
Walker 256 ◽  
Walker 256 Tumors

The goal of this study was to evaluate the differences and define the advantages of imaging experimental brain tumors in rats with two nonmetabolized amino acids, 1-aminocyclopentane carboxylic (ACPC) acid and α-aminoisobutyric (AIB) acid compared with imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) or the gallium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid chelate (Ga-DTPA). 1-aminocyclopentane carboxylic acid, AIB, and FDG autoradiograms were obtained 60 minutes after intravenous injection to simulate positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, whereas the Ga-DTPA autoradiograms were obtained 5 or 10 minutes after injection to simulate gadolinium (Gd)-DTPA–enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images. Three experimental tumors were studied (C6, RG2, and Walker 256) to provide a range of tumor types. Triple-label quantitative autoradiography was performed, and parametric images of the apparent distribution volume (Va, mL/g) for ACPC or AIB, relative glucose metabolism (R, μmol/100 g/min), vascular permeability to Ga-DTPA (K1, μL/min/g), and histology were obtained from the same tissue section. The four images were registered in an image array processor, and regions of interest in tumor and contralateral brain were defined on morphologic criteria (histology) and were transferred to the autoradiographic images. A comparative analysis of all measured values was performed. The location and morphologic characteristics of the tumor had an effect on the images and measurements of Va, R, and K1. Meningeal extensions of all three tumors consistently had the highest amino acid uptake (Va) and vascular permeability (K1) values, and subcortical portions of the tumors usually had the lowest values. Va and R (FDG) values generally were higher in tumor regions with high-cell density and lower in regions with low-cell density. Tumor areas identified as “impending” necrosis on morphologic criteria consistently had high R values, but little or no change in Va or K1. Tumor necrosis was seen consistently only in the larger Walker 256 tumors; low values of R and Va for AIB (less for ACPC) were measured in the necrotic-appearing regions, whereas K1 was not different from the mean tumor value. The highest correlations were observed between vascular permeability (K1 for Ga-DTPA) and Va for AIB in all three tumors; little or no correlation between vascular permeability and R was observed. The advantages of ACPC and AIB imaging were most convincingly demonstrated in C6 gliomas and in Walker 256 tumors. 1-aminocyclopentane was substantially better than FDG or Ga-DTPA for identifying tumor infiltration of adjacent brain tissue beyond the macroscopic border of the tumor; ACPC also may be useful for identifying low-grade tumors with an intact blood–brain barrier. Contrast-enhancing regions of the tumors were visualized more clearly with AIB than with FDG or Ga-DTPA; viable and necrotic-appearing tumor regions could be distinguished more readily with AIB than with FDG. [11C]-labeled ACPC and AIB are likely to have similar advantages for imaging human brain tumors with PET.

scholarly journals The effect of foaming agent on mechanical and physical properties of Polypropylene

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SEDEF CAKIR 1 ◽  
MUHAMMED AYCICEK 1 ◽  
EDIZ ALTUN 2 ◽  
Akin Akinci 1
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Melt Temperature ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Foaming Agents

In this study, Polypropylene (PP) foam materials were used with injection parameters such as melting, molding and injection temperatures. To produce foam materials, chemical foaming agents were used, and added to polymer materials as 1wt.%, 1.5wt.%, 2wt.%, 2.5wt.%, 3wt.%. The mechanical properties of foam samples were determined based on the parameters. Cell morphology characterization such as cell diameter, cell count, skin layer thickness and cell density, and mechanical properties such as tensile and impact strength of polymer foams were examined.Generally, the closed-cell foam structure was obtained. The most important parameters affecting the cell morphology have been injection pressure, melt temperature and amount of foaming agent. With increasing the amount of foaming agent, cell density increased, foam density and mechanical properties decreased.

Self-Organization and Pattern Formation in Primate Cortical Networks

2008 ◽  
pp. 178-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Kennedy ◽  
Rodney Douglas ◽  
Kenneth Knoblauch ◽  
Colette Dehay
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Cortical Networks

PATTERN FORMATION BY ELECTROSTATIC SELF-ORGANIZATION OF MEMBRANE PROTEINS

2012 ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
G. BOEDEC ◽  
M. JAEGER ◽  
F. HOMBLE ◽  
M. LEONETTI
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Self Organization

Self Organization and Pattern Formation

2015 ◽  
pp. 111-141
Author(s):  
Claudius Gros
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Self Organization

Self-organization and Pattern-formation in Neuronal Systems Under Conditions of Variable Gravity

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meike Wiedemann ◽  
Florian P. M. Kohn ◽  
Harald Roesner ◽  
Wolfgang R. L. Hanke
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Variable Gravity ◽  
Neuronal Systems

scholarly journals Quantitative biochemical analysis of microtubule content in normal and transformed 3T3 cells.

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 572-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Eichhorn ◽  
B Peterkofsky
Keyword(s):  
Cell Density ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Transformed Cells ◽  
Dibutyryl Camp ◽  
3T3 Cells ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Tubulin Content

Microtubules in normal and transformed BALB 3T3 cells were preserved in a stabilizing medium and measured by a [3H]colchicine-binding tubulin assay, and compared to total cellular tubulin measured under nonstabilizing conditions. Essentially no change in tubulin or microtubule content was seen with changes in cell density or with changes in cellular morphology at various stages of growth of normal or transformed cells or induced by dibutyryl cAMP treatment of transformed cells. Of five cell lines transformed by a variety of agents, four had a significantly higher total tubulin content than untransformed 3T3 cells and all of them had an increased microtubule content. None of the transformed lines had a lower fraction of tubulin recoverable as sedimentable microtubules compared to untransformed cells, and in three of them this fraction was significantly higher. These results establish that microtubules are present in transformed cells to at least the extent (if not greater) than in normal cells but that there are variations in the total amount of tubulin and microtubules as well as the fraction of the total tubulin present as microtubules which are not strictly correlated with transformation or cell morphology.

IMAGE PROCESSING AND SELF-ORGANIZING CNN

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (09) ◽  
pp. 2939-2958 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAKOTO ITOH ◽  
LEON O. CHUA
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Vector Fields ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Neural Field ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Equations ◽  
Diffusion Equations ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Neural Field Equations

CNN templates for image processing and pattern formation are derived from neural field equations, advection equations and reaction–diffusion equations by discretizing spatial integrals and derivatives. Many useful CNN templates are derived by this approach. Furthermore, self-organization is investigated from the viewpoint of divergence of vector fields.

scholarly journals Una Exploración Conceptual de la Formación de Patrones en Sistemas Sociales Autorganizados

Ingeniería ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
David Anzola
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Complexity Science ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
High Level ◽  
Self Organizing

Context: The concept of self-organization plays a major role in contemporary complexity science. Yet, the current framework for the study of self-organization is only able to capture some of the nuances of complex social self-organizing phenomena.Method: This article addresses some of the problematic elements in the study of social selforganization. For this purpose, it focuses on pattern formation, a feature of self-organizing phenomena that is common across definitions. The analysis is carried out through three main questions: where can we find these patterns, what are these patterns and how can we study these patterns.Results: The discussion shows that there is a high level of specificity in social self-organized phenomena that is not adequately addressed by the current complexity framework. It argues that some elements are neglected by this framework because they are relatively exclusive to social science; others, because of the relative novelty of social complexity.Conclusions: It is suggested that interdisciplinary collaboration between social scientists and complexity scientists and engineers is needed, in order to overcome traditional disciplinary limitations in the study of social self-organized phenomena.

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