scholarly journals Ultrasound-guided minimally invasive autopsy as a tool for rapid post-mortem diagnosis in the 2018 Sao Paulo yellow fever epidemic: Correlation with conventional autopsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. e0007625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto ◽  
Renata Aparecida de Almeida Monteiro ◽  
Janaina Johnsson ◽  
Marielton dos Passos Cunha ◽  
Shahab Zaki Pour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Conventional Autopsy ◽  
Minimally Invasive Autopsy

Padrões de riqueza no sudeste do Brasil 1815-1860.

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zephyr Frank
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Post Mortem

O Oitocentos, especialmente antes da década de 1880, são vistos como um período de crescimento lento ou de estagnação de boa parte da economia brasileira. Ao longo das últimas três décadas, tal interpretação vem sendo revista por estudiosos da História Econômica, em particular com relação ao Sudeste. Este artigo utiliza inventários post mortem e outras fontes quantitativas para detectar se houve ou não crescimento real da riqueza em três localidades do Sudeste: a cidade do Rio de Janeiro, a região do Rio das Mortes, nas Minas Gerais, e a cidade de São Paulo. A evidência indica que o nível de riqueza real era mais alto à época da independência e aumentava mais rapidamente que admitiam os estudos tradicionais, focados na estagnação econômica da primeira metade do século XIX. Concomitantemente, a desigualdade econômica também aumentou. Incluíam-se entre as fontes do crescimento o melhoramento das instituições econômicas, um grande mercado de crédito informal e o incremento da demanda  centrada nas cidades e centros urbanos menores.

scholarly journals Assessing viability of a minimally invasive autopsy technique in ascertaining the probable cause of death in patients who were SARS CoV19 positive at the time of their demise

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay H. Bhandarwar ◽  
Girish D. Bakhshi ◽  
Eham Arora ◽  
Nikhil Dhimole ◽  
Sanjay R. Bijwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
World Health ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Conventional Autopsy ◽  
Minimally Invasive Autopsy ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background SARS CoV-19 was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), raising up challenges on various levels ranging from therapeutics to diagnostics. The conventional autopsy technique may pose a health hazard to health care workers. A minimally invasive autopsy technique can diminish this hazard. Materials and methods Between August and November 2020, 51 patients who were suffering from Covid-19 at the time of their demise were included. A novel minimally invasive ultrasound-guided technique for procuring tissue samples of major organs was employed which were thereafter subject to histopathological examination. A detailed review of the course in hospital was noted. An analysis was performed to correlate the cause of death ascertained from our minimally invasive technique with the cause of death ascertained clinically. Results There was adequate tissue sampling in 45 cases, where the minimally invasive autopsy technique confirmed the cause of death in all 45 cases (100%) and made it more specific in 5 cases (11.11%). Conclusion Minimally Invasive Autopsy is an easily reproducible technique which has the potential to strengthen the probable the cause of death with reasonable certainty while ensuring safety and ethics.

scholarly journals Reanatomização do sorriso com uso de resina composta: relato de caso

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Gerusa da Silva Lima ◽  
Fabíola Gabriellen Barros Brito ◽  
José Henrique de Araújo Cruz ◽  
Luanna Abílio Diniz Melquíades Medeiros ◽  
Elizandra Silva da Penha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Fernando Pessoa ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Smile Aesthetics ◽  
Tooth Colour

Introdução: Os pacientes têm exigido cada vez mais da odontologia estética para solucionar casos de desarmonia do sorriso, como alterações de cor, forma e tamanho. Com o avanço dos materiais dentários e aperfeiçoamento das técnicas é possível tratar casos estéticos com mínimos desgastes dentários e ter resultados excelentes. Cabe ao cirurgião-dentista optar por um tratamento que devolva saúde e função além da estética. Objetivo: Realizar reanatomização do sorriso por meio de facetas diretas em resina composta, como também mostrar que é possível alcançar sucesso clínico usando um material mais barato como a resina composta. Relato do caso: Paciente sexo feminino, 22 anos, apresentou-se à Clínica Escola de Odontologia da UFCG buscando melhorar a estética do seu sorriso. O material de escolhido foi resina composto por ser mais viável financeiramente em relação às cerâmicas, ter execução mais simples, necessitar de pouco ou nenhum desgaste e também ser reversível. A técnica usada foi Facetas diretas em resina composta; para realiza-lo foram imprescindíveis etapas pré-operatórias de gengivectomia, clareamento dental, enceramento diagnóstico para posteriormente realizar-se os desgastes. Utilizou-se guia de silicone para nortear os aumentos incisais, condicionamento ácido com ácido fosfórico a 37%, aplicação do sistema adesivo e realização dos incrementos de compósitos com posterior acabamento e polimento. Conclusão: A colaboração da paciente, um bom planejamento do caso, execução adequada da técnica e controle e manutenção periódica, proporcionaram uma estética dentária dentro dos padrões tão valorizados atualmente e aumento da sua autoestima.Descritores: Estética Dentária; Facetas Dentárias; Resinas Compostas.ReferênciasMarcondes R, Pires HCS, Bocutti JH. Lâmina cerâmica unitária sobre substrato escurecido: protocolo clinicolaboratorial com estratifcação em duas camadas. Rev Dental Press Estét. 2012;9(4):28-44.Sakamoto Junior AS, Higashi C, Gomes JC. Substituição de coroas totais metalocerâmicas em incisivos laterais conoides vitais: relato de caso clínico. Rev Dental Press Estét. 2015;12(3):71-83.Pontons-Melo JC. Harmonização do sorriso por meio de procedimentos minimamente invasivos. FGM News. 2013;132-37.Mondelli J. Estética e cosmética: em clínica integrada restauradora. São Paulo: Quintessence; 2003.Baratieri LN. Soluções clínicas: fundamentos e técnicas. Florianópolis: Ponto; 2008.Silva SB. Facetas diretas de resina composta versus facetas indiretas em porcelana [monografia] Florianópolis: ABO-SC; 2005.Queiroga RB. Laminados cerâmicos minimamente invasivos: novas possibilidades. Rev Dental Press Estét. 2012;9(1):34-47.Soares PV, Faria NFB, Cardoso IO, Moura GF, Pereira AG. Multidisciplinary approach for rehabilitation of smile aesthetics with minimally invasive ceramic veneers. J Clin Dent Res. 2017;14(1):68-88.Joiner A, Luo W. Tooth colour and whiteness: A review. J Dent. 2017;  67S:S3-S10.Nash RW. Resurfacing tooth structure with ceramic laminates. Dent Today. 2014; 33(8):68-71.  Dietschi D. Optimizing smile composition and esthetics with resin composites and other conservative esthetic procedures. Eur J Esthet Dent. 2008;3(1):14-29.Almeida RR, Garib D.G, Almeida-Pedrin RR, Almeida MR, Pinzan A, Junqueira MHZ. Diastemas interincisivos centrais superiores: quando e como intervir?. R Dental Press Ortodon Ortop Facial. 2004;9(3):137-56.Lima RBW, Leite JT, França RM, Brito MCT, Uchôa RC, Andrade AKM. Reabilitação estética anterior pela técnica do facetamento – relato de caso. Rev bras ciênc saúde 2013; 17(4):363-70.Frese C, Schiller P, Staehle HJ, Wolff D. Recontouring teeth and closing diastemas with direct composite buildups: A 5-year follow-up. J Dent. 2013;41(11):979-85.Souza SJB, Magalhães D, Silva GR, Soares CJ, Soares PFB, Santos-Filho PCF. Cirurgia plástica periodontal para correção de sorriso gengival associada a restaurações em resina composta: relato de caso clínico. Rev Odontol Bras Central. 2010;19(51):362-66.Ferreira CLB. Fraturas dentárias no sector anterior abordagem estética através de restaurações diretas a resina composta [dissertação]. Porto: Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde Universidade Fernando Pessoa; 2013.Okida RC, Rahal V, Okida DSS. A associação entre dentística e periodontia no tratamento estético com lentes de contato: relato de caso. Rev Odontol Araçatuba. 2015;36(1):59-64.Cruz JHA, Silva RLB, Andrade-Júnior FP, Guênes GMT, Almeida MSC, Medeiros LADM et al. A importância da anatomia e escultura dental para prática de procedimentos clínicos odontológicos. RSC online, 2018;7(1):76-85.Sousa LX, Cruz JHA, Melo WOS, Freire SCP, Ribeiro ED, Freire JCP. Abfração dentária: um enfoque sobre a etiologia e o tratamento restaurador. Arch Health Invest. 2018; 7(2):51-53.

scholarly journals Yellow Fever: Factors Associated with Death in a Hospital of Reference in Infectious Diseases, São Paulo, Brazil, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Freitas Ribeiro ◽  
Roberta Figueiredo Cavalin ◽  
Jamal Muhamad Abdul Hamid Suleiman ◽  
Jessica Alves da Costa ◽  
Marileide Januaria de Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Municipalities of higher vulnerability to Sylvatic Yellow Fever occurrence in the São Paulo State, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Stramandinoli Moreno ◽  
Rita de Cássia Barradas Barata
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccination

Until 1999 the endemic cases of Sylvatic Yellow Fever were located in the states of northern, midwestern and pre-Amazon regions. Since then, the disease progressively expanded its territory of occurrence, cases being registered beyond the traditional boundaries of endemism. The São Paulo State is considered to be part of this context, since after decades without registration of autochthonous cases of the disease, it reported, in 2000 and 2008-2009, epizootic occurrence in non-human primates and 30 cases in humans. Facts like these, added to the increase in incidences of serious adverse effects resulting from the Yellow Fever vaccination, have highlighted the importance of defining priority municipalities for vaccination against the disease in the state. Two groups of municipalities, some affected and some non-affected by YF, were compared for environmental variables related to the eco-epidemiology of the disease according to literature. The Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was used to pinpoint the factor able to differentiate the two groups of municipalities and define the levels of risk. The southeast region of the São Paulo State was considered to be the area with a higher number of municipalities classified as high risk and should be considered a priority for the application of prevention measures against Yellow Fever.

scholarly journals Reemergence of yellow fever: detection of transmission in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, 2008

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Stramandinoli Moreno ◽  
Iray Maria Rocco ◽  
Eduardo Sterlino Bergo ◽  
Roosecelis Araujo Brasil ◽  
Melissa Mascheratti Siciliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Virus Isolation ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Epidemiological Evaluation ◽  
Entomological Research ◽  
Virus Strains

INTRODUCTION: Following yellow fever virus (YFV) isolation in monkeys from the São José do Rio Preto region and two fatal human autochthonous cases from the Ribeirão Preto region, State of São Paulo, Brazil, two expeditions for entomological research and eco-epidemiological evaluation were conducted. METHODS: A total of 577 samples from humans, 108 from monkeys and 3,049 mosquitoes were analyzed by one or more methods: virus isolation, ELISA-IgM, RT-PCR, histopathology and immunohistochemical. RESULTS: Of the 577 human samples, 531 were tested by ELISA-IgM, with 3 positives, and 235 were inoculated into mice and 199 in cell culture, resulting in one virus isolation. One sample was positive by histopathology and immunohistochemical. Using RT-PCR, 25 samples were processed with 4 positive reactions. A total of 108 specimens of monkeys were examined, 108 were inoculated into mice and 45 in cell culture. Four virus strains were isolated from Alouattacaraya. A total of 931 mosquitoes were captured in Sao Jose do Rio Preto and 2,118 in Ribeirão Preto and separated into batches. A single isolation of YFV was derived from a batch of 9 mosquitoes Psorophoraferox, collected in Urupês, Ribeirão Preto region. A serological survey was conducted with 128 samples from the municipalities of São Carlos, Rincão and Ribeirão Preto and 10 samples from contacts of patients from Ribeirão Preto. All samples were negative by ELISA-IgM for YFV. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm the circulation of yellow fever, even though sporadic, in the Sao Paulo State and reinforce the importance of vaccination against yellow fever in areas considered at risk.

scholarly journals Extração de DNA para análise da amelogenina em amostras fixadas em formalina, incluídas em parafina e armazenadas por 1 e 5 anos no Departamento de Patologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (spe) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Karina S Funabashi ◽  
Edna SM Iwamura
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Salting Out

O uso da biologia molecular em amostras fi xadas em formalina e incluídas em parafi na (FFPE) vem crescendo, e a melhoria nos métodos de obtenção do DNA para sua análise é necessária. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o DNA extraído de blocos de tecidos FFPE (fígado, baço e cérebro não tumorais), obtidos de necropsia, 8 a 24 horas post mortem, utilizando três métodos de extração de DNA (kit comercial, fenolclorofórmio e Salting-Out). Foram realizadas as PCRs dos genes da actina (136pb), amelogenina humana (AMEL 212-218pb) e STRs (100-400pb) para avaliar a efi cácia do método de extração de DNA e determinar o sexo dos indivíduos. Foram utilizados 28 casos arquivados (1 e 5 anos) e 12 recentes, sendo analisadas 10 amostras de cada um dos tecidos. O kit comercial apresentou maior grau de pureza, resultados reprodutíveis e consistentes na amplifi cação por PCR nos genes da -actina e AMEL e na análise por STR. Este estudo fornece uma compreensão dos desafi os envolvendo amostras FFPE, e esclareceu novas estratégias para análises moleculares neste tipo de material.

scholarly journals Genomic Surveillance of Yellow Fever Virus Epizootic in São Paulo, Brazil, 2016 – 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Hill ◽  
R. P. de Souza ◽  
J. Thézé ◽  
I. Claro ◽  
R. S. Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

AbstractSão Paulo (SP), a densely inhabited state in southeast Brazil that contains the fourth most populated city in the world, recently experienced its largest yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in decades. YFV does not normally circulate extensively in SP, so most people were unvaccinated when the outbreak began. Surveillance in non-human primates (NHPs) is important for determining the magnitude and geographic extent of an epizootic, thereby helping to evaluate the risk of YFV spillover to humans. Data from infected NHPs can give more accurate insights into YFV spread than when using data from human cases alone. To contextualise human cases, identify epizootic foci and uncover the rate and direction of YFV spread in SP, we generated and analysed virus genomic data and epizootic case data from NHP in SP. We report the occurrence of three spatiotemporally distinct phases of the outbreak in SP prior to February 2018. We generated 51 new virus genomes from YFV positive cases identified in 23 different municipalities in SP, mostly sampled from non-human primates between October 2016 and January 2018. Although we observe substantial heterogeneity in lineage dispersal velocities between phylogenetic branches, continuous phylogeographic analyses of generated YFV genomes suggest that YFV lineages spread in São Paulo state at a mean rate of approximately 1km per day during all phases of the outbreak. Viral lineages from the first epizootic phase in northern São Paulo subsequently dispersed towards the south of the state to cause the second and third epizootic phases there. This alters our understanding of how YFV was introduced into the densely populated south of SP state. Our results shed light on the sylvatic transmission of yellow fever in highly fragmented forested regions in SP state and highlight the importance of continued surveillance of zoonotic pathogens in sentinel species.Author’s SummarySince July 2016, the southeast region of Brazil has experienced the largest yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in decades. São Paulo is the most densely populated state in southeast Brazil. The outbreak has caused serious public health concern in the state, as YFV does not normally circulate widely there and most of the 21 million inhabitants were correspondingly unvaccinated against YFV when the outbreak began. In Brazil, YFV typically circulates among non-human primates, and human cases represent isolated spillover events from this predominantly sylvatic cycle. Understanding the epidemiological dynamics and spread of YFV in non-human primates is therefore critical for contextualising human cases, and guiding vaccination strategies that can better protect local human populations. Here, we aim to contextualise human cases, identify epizootic foci and uncover the rate and direction of YFV spread in SP. We analyse the geographic and temporal distribution of observed cases of YFV in non-human primates in São Paulo state, and identify three distinct phases of the epizootic. We generate sequence data from 51 YFV-positive cases and perform phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses aimed at understanding the spatial spread of YFV in São Paulo state. Analyses of these data indicate that YFV spread from the north of São Paulo state into more densely populated southern regions. Although we observe substantial heterogeneity in the rate at which different sampled YFV lineages spread, the typical rate of spread was low with a mean rate of ~1 km per day. This is consistent with a scenario in which the majority of transmission events occurred between non-human primates and sylvatic vectors across forested patches.Article Summary LineGenomic surveillance of yellow fever in São Paulo during the 2016-2018 epizootic

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